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Applied Physics
Applied Physics

High-Voltage Systems and Dielectric Materials
High-Voltage Systems and Dielectric Materials

... The ion-electron recombination rate of equation (9) is overestimated because the Langevin-Debye relationship is valid for situations where the electric field levels are low to moderate and the recombining species are of similar physical scale [35]. This recombination model overestimates the rate of ...
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... This dipole can polarize another molecule and induce in it an instantaneous dipole moment m2. Although the first dipole will go on to change the size and direction of its dipole (≈ 10-16 s) the second dipole will follow it; the two dipoles are correlated in direction, with the positive charge on one ...
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... The functioning of the human nervous system depends on electricity. Tiny currents travel along nerve cells to signal, for example, muscles to contract, or digestive fluids to be secreted, or white blood cells to attack an invader. The brain is a center of electrical activity; as signals come from th ...
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... • To solve for (b), we know that each electron has a charge of 1.6 x 10-19 C and we know the total charge from part (a) = 60 Coulombs • n = 60/(1.6 x 10-19 C / electron) = 3.8 x 1020 electrons Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. ...
Principles of Chemistry: A Molecular Approach
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Chapter 8 - Texas Southern University Department of Physics
Chapter 8 - Texas Southern University Department of Physics

... • To solve for (b), we know that each electron has a charge of 1.6 x 10-19 C and we know the total charge from part (a) = 60 Coulombs • n = 60/(1.6 x 10-19 C / electron) = 3.8 x 1020 electrons Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. ...
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Electric charge



Electric charge is the physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field. There are two types of electric charges: positive and negative. Positively charged substances are repelled from other positively charged substances, but attracted to negatively charged substances; negatively charged substances are repelled from negative and attracted to positive. An object is negatively charged if it has an excess of electrons, and is otherwise positively charged or uncharged. The SI derived unit of electric charge is the coulomb (C), although in electrical engineering it is also common to use the ampere-hour (Ah), and in chemistry it is common to use the elementary charge (e) as a unit. The symbol Q is often used to denote charge. The early knowledge of how charged substances interact is now called classical electrodynamics, and is still very accurate if quantum effects do not need to be considered.The electric charge is a fundamental conserved property of some subatomic particles, which determines their electromagnetic interaction. Electrically charged matter is influenced by, and produces, electromagnetic fields. The interaction between a moving charge and an electromagnetic field is the source of the electromagnetic force, which is one of the four fundamental forces (See also: magnetic field).Twentieth-century experiments demonstrated that electric charge is quantized; that is, it comes in integer multiples of individual small units called the elementary charge, e, approximately equal to 6981160200000000000♠1.602×10−19 coulombs (except for particles called quarks, which have charges that are integer multiples of e/3). The proton has a charge of +e, and the electron has a charge of −e. The study of charged particles, and how their interactions are mediated by photons, is called quantum electrodynamics.
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