– additional notes Maton Collection William George Maton
... This materia medica collection predates the formation of the Pharmaceutical Society. Collections like this one, would have contained samples of crude drugs only. It was from these plant and animal parts that medicines would have been prepared. Sometimes it was the pure plant that was used, but often ...
... This materia medica collection predates the formation of the Pharmaceutical Society. Collections like this one, would have contained samples of crude drugs only. It was from these plant and animal parts that medicines would have been prepared. Sometimes it was the pure plant that was used, but often ...
Keys to the Flora of Florida - Viola
... Johnson, pers. comm., April 2006). The scientific name assigned to the Field Pansy, the annual violet found occasionally in north Florida, depends upon whether or not it is thought to be native to North America. This issue was considered significant by M. L. Fernald (Rhodora 40:443-446. 1938) who di ...
... Johnson, pers. comm., April 2006). The scientific name assigned to the Field Pansy, the annual violet found occasionally in north Florida, depends upon whether or not it is thought to be native to North America. This issue was considered significant by M. L. Fernald (Rhodora 40:443-446. 1938) who di ...
Slugs and snails - Moorside Allotments Association
... poorly drained, so improving drainage and soil structure is important where these conditions occur. Cultivation: Digging, rotavating and raking to create a fine tilth before sowing will help to disturb slugs and their eggs within the soil as well as helping soil to dry out on the surface, making slu ...
... poorly drained, so improving drainage and soil structure is important where these conditions occur. Cultivation: Digging, rotavating and raking to create a fine tilth before sowing will help to disturb slugs and their eggs within the soil as well as helping soil to dry out on the surface, making slu ...
Seed Propagation
... Plant seeds are the transitional stage of a plant’s life. Seeds size ranges from very small to very large. For example, certain epiphytic orchids of the tropical rain forest produce the world's smallest seeds weighing only 35 millionths of an ounce. They are dispersed into the air like minute dust p ...
... Plant seeds are the transitional stage of a plant’s life. Seeds size ranges from very small to very large. For example, certain epiphytic orchids of the tropical rain forest produce the world's smallest seeds weighing only 35 millionths of an ounce. They are dispersed into the air like minute dust p ...
UAA Natural Heritage Program, Weed Ranking Project (PDF)
... Impact on community composition, structure, and interactions: Orange and meadow hawkweed form monocultures by establishing a dense mat of plants, lowers biodiversity and reduces the forage value of grasslands for grazing animals. These plants are successful competitors, crowding out native, pasture ...
... Impact on community composition, structure, and interactions: Orange and meadow hawkweed form monocultures by establishing a dense mat of plants, lowers biodiversity and reduces the forage value of grasslands for grazing animals. These plants are successful competitors, crowding out native, pasture ...
Growing Gourds in Pennsylvania
... Soaker hoses let you water the roots and not the leaves, which will mean you will use less water and reduce the risk of some diseases, such as powdery mildew. o Lay the soaker hoses when you are planting and mulching b/c doing so later will be difficult once the plants send out their runners and lea ...
... Soaker hoses let you water the roots and not the leaves, which will mean you will use less water and reduce the risk of some diseases, such as powdery mildew. o Lay the soaker hoses when you are planting and mulching b/c doing so later will be difficult once the plants send out their runners and lea ...
Invasive Weed Identification for Nevada
... least expensive during the first two stages and difficult to impossible, and very expensive, during the last. Thus, the key to control is to identify potential weed infestations at very early stages and then eradicate them or prevent their spread. This publication provides a tool to aid in the ident ...
... least expensive during the first two stages and difficult to impossible, and very expensive, during the last. Thus, the key to control is to identify potential weed infestations at very early stages and then eradicate them or prevent their spread. This publication provides a tool to aid in the ident ...
Laboratory 6: Pea Lab - Tacoma Community College
... 1. No open food or drink is permitted in the lab at any time, whether a lab is in progress or not. No eating, drinking, chewing of gum or tobacco is permitted. Never taste anything at all while in the lab rooms. 2. Know the locations of the eye wash and shower stations, fire alarm, fire extinguisher ...
... 1. No open food or drink is permitted in the lab at any time, whether a lab is in progress or not. No eating, drinking, chewing of gum or tobacco is permitted. Never taste anything at all while in the lab rooms. 2. Know the locations of the eye wash and shower stations, fire alarm, fire extinguisher ...
Spring 2012 - Atlantic Master Gardeners Association
... elderberries, apple trees. Many of our native fruits are already in our yards waiting for us to care for them and let them produce! So there you are in the midst of a lush, thriving little ecosystem all your own, that you don't have to mow. You may find yourself having to tear yourself away from you ...
... elderberries, apple trees. Many of our native fruits are already in our yards waiting for us to care for them and let them produce! So there you are in the midst of a lush, thriving little ecosystem all your own, that you don't have to mow. You may find yourself having to tear yourself away from you ...
Prunus Poisoning in Horses and Other Livestock
... When toxic amounts of plant material are ingested, the signs of HCN intoxication can typically be seen within 10 to 20 minutes (1, 4). Initially, the animal will exhibit apprehension and distressed behaviour, which is quickly followed by staggering, gross muscle tremors, severe weakness, ataxia and ...
... When toxic amounts of plant material are ingested, the signs of HCN intoxication can typically be seen within 10 to 20 minutes (1, 4). Initially, the animal will exhibit apprehension and distressed behaviour, which is quickly followed by staggering, gross muscle tremors, severe weakness, ataxia and ...
Diploid (2n)
... Roots anchor plant; mycorrhizae (rootfungus associations) help absorb water and minerals from the soil. ...
... Roots anchor plant; mycorrhizae (rootfungus associations) help absorb water and minerals from the soil. ...
Rangelands in Arid Ecosystem
... Faculty of Science, Alexandria University Egypt 1. Introduction The world’s rangelands constitute an important global resource. Range has been defined by the society for range management as land which supports vegetation useful for grazing on which routine management of that vegetation is through ma ...
... Faculty of Science, Alexandria University Egypt 1. Introduction The world’s rangelands constitute an important global resource. Range has been defined by the society for range management as land which supports vegetation useful for grazing on which routine management of that vegetation is through ma ...
IV. Aporphinoids
... that the drug consists of the flowering plant: F. officinalis and closely related species. The identification of these species which tend to invade cultivated ground is difficult; the species officinalis is in fact divided into two subspecies distinguishable by the number of flowers in the infloresc ...
... that the drug consists of the flowering plant: F. officinalis and closely related species. The identification of these species which tend to invade cultivated ground is difficult; the species officinalis is in fact divided into two subspecies distinguishable by the number of flowers in the infloresc ...
Introduction
... produces two leaf seeds. A plant that is a monocot may be a flowering plant, or may include some food plants as well. Other names for monocots: - monocotyledons - liliopsida Monocotyledons & dicotyledons are the two main groups of flowering plants. One-quarter of all flowering plants species are mad ...
... produces two leaf seeds. A plant that is a monocot may be a flowering plant, or may include some food plants as well. Other names for monocots: - monocotyledons - liliopsida Monocotyledons & dicotyledons are the two main groups of flowering plants. One-quarter of all flowering plants species are mad ...
Growing the Best Phalaenopsis
... 24 C) at night. Epiphytic orchids such as phalaenopsis grow on tree trunks and limbs and are shaded by the dense canopy of the forest. Therefore, successful commercial production requires warm and shaded conditions, especially during vegetative growth. TEMPERATURE There are two distinct phases of ph ...
... 24 C) at night. Epiphytic orchids such as phalaenopsis grow on tree trunks and limbs and are shaded by the dense canopy of the forest. Therefore, successful commercial production requires warm and shaded conditions, especially during vegetative growth. TEMPERATURE There are two distinct phases of ph ...
Aquatic Invasive Species Guide - Ontario`s Invading Species
... pristine islands, diverse coastal wetlands, extensive sandy beaches, and the coldest and deepest waters in the Great Lakes. It is the world’s largest freshwater lake by area. Lake Superior has a relatively simple food web, which means it is especially vulnerable to damage from invasive species. Of a ...
... pristine islands, diverse coastal wetlands, extensive sandy beaches, and the coldest and deepest waters in the Great Lakes. It is the world’s largest freshwater lake by area. Lake Superior has a relatively simple food web, which means it is especially vulnerable to damage from invasive species. Of a ...
Maries Doublefile Viburnum
... serrated pointy leaves turn an outstanding brick red in the fall. The red fruits are held in abundance in spectacular clusters from mid summer to early fall. The smooth gray bark is not particularly outstanding. Landscape Attributes: Maries Doublefile Viburnum is a multi-stemmed deciduous shrub with ...
... serrated pointy leaves turn an outstanding brick red in the fall. The red fruits are held in abundance in spectacular clusters from mid summer to early fall. The smooth gray bark is not particularly outstanding. Landscape Attributes: Maries Doublefile Viburnum is a multi-stemmed deciduous shrub with ...
Thundercloud Plum
... Thundercloud Plum is bathed in stunning clusters of fragrant pink flowers along the branches in early spring before the leaves. It has attractive deep purple foliage throughout the season. The pointy leaves are ornamentally significant and turn an outstanding burgundy in the fall. The fruits are pur ...
... Thundercloud Plum is bathed in stunning clusters of fragrant pink flowers along the branches in early spring before the leaves. It has attractive deep purple foliage throughout the season. The pointy leaves are ornamentally significant and turn an outstanding burgundy in the fall. The fruits are pur ...
Light-Regulated, Tissue-Specific, and Cell Differentiation
... Iron is an essential element for almost all living organisms, actively involved in a variety of cellular activities. To acquire iron from soil, strategy I plants such as Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) must first reduce ferric to ferrous iron by Fe(III)-chelate reductases (FROs). FRO genes displa ...
... Iron is an essential element for almost all living organisms, actively involved in a variety of cellular activities. To acquire iron from soil, strategy I plants such as Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) must first reduce ferric to ferrous iron by Fe(III)-chelate reductases (FROs). FRO genes displa ...
The Common laburnum is a small deciduous tree 5 to 7 meters tall
... Flowers are golden yellow, very fragrant, densely packed in long pendulous racemes (up to 25 cm long) and bloom typically in May (racemes have less flowers in Laburnum alpinum plants). Fruits are legumes with numerous black seeds that contain cytisine (an alkaloide) which make them extremely poisono ...
... Flowers are golden yellow, very fragrant, densely packed in long pendulous racemes (up to 25 cm long) and bloom typically in May (racemes have less flowers in Laburnum alpinum plants). Fruits are legumes with numerous black seeds that contain cytisine (an alkaloide) which make them extremely poisono ...
Crinum lily
... Full sun to part sun; rich organic soil Typically develops into large colonies Educational Points of Interest • The pollinated flowers of crinum develop into bulbils. Many plants choose to make lots of seed per ovary. Crinum develops 1-3 seeds per ovary, which continue past the embryonic stage and g ...
... Full sun to part sun; rich organic soil Typically develops into large colonies Educational Points of Interest • The pollinated flowers of crinum develop into bulbils. Many plants choose to make lots of seed per ovary. Crinum develops 1-3 seeds per ovary, which continue past the embryonic stage and g ...
Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land
... there are more than 290,000 known plant species. Plants inhabit all but the harshest environments, such as some mountaintops, a few desert areas, and the polar regions. A few plant species, such as seagrasses, returned to aquatic habitats during their evolution, but most present-day plants live in t ...
... there are more than 290,000 known plant species. Plants inhabit all but the harshest environments, such as some mountaintops, a few desert areas, and the polar regions. A few plant species, such as seagrasses, returned to aquatic habitats during their evolution, but most present-day plants live in t ...
Glossary
... ALKALOID Any of a broad class (> 5000 known alkaloids) of bitter, usually basic (alkaline), organic compounds that contain nitrogen and typically have a ring in their structure. They are often physiologically active in animals; many are poisonous; many affect the nervous system; there are a number o ...
... ALKALOID Any of a broad class (> 5000 known alkaloids) of bitter, usually basic (alkaline), organic compounds that contain nitrogen and typically have a ring in their structure. They are often physiologically active in animals; many are poisonous; many affect the nervous system; there are a number o ...
Tuberose
... bulbs. After digging, the bulbs are lifted out; the bulblets are separated and used as seed stock for the next season. The bulbs are graded based on their size and are placed on shelves to dry or cure. The bulbs must be stored or have their position changed every few days to prevent fungal attack an ...
... bulbs. After digging, the bulbs are lifted out; the bulblets are separated and used as seed stock for the next season. The bulbs are graded based on their size and are placed on shelves to dry or cure. The bulbs must be stored or have their position changed every few days to prevent fungal attack an ...
Hoverflies - Neighborhood Naturalist
... pink blossom with burgundy spots and a yellow throat. It may be accompanied by plants like Elegant Downingia, popcornflowers, Coyote Thistle and bunchgrasses. One reason it’s rare is because its life cycle requires a particular kind of seasonal disturbance. In fall and winter, when the plant has die ...
... pink blossom with burgundy spots and a yellow throat. It may be accompanied by plants like Elegant Downingia, popcornflowers, Coyote Thistle and bunchgrasses. One reason it’s rare is because its life cycle requires a particular kind of seasonal disturbance. In fall and winter, when the plant has die ...
Plant ecology
This article is about the scientific discipline, for the journal see Plant EcologyPlant ecology is a subdiscipline of ecology which studies the distribution and abundance of plants, the effects of environmental factors upon the abundance of plants, and the interactions among and between plants and other organisms. Examples of these are the distribution of temperate deciduous forests in North America, the effects of drought or flooding upon plant survival, and competition among desert plants for water, or effects of herds of grazing animals upon the composition of grasslands.A global overview of the Earth's major vegetation types is provided by O.W. Archibold. He recognizes 11 major vegetation types: tropical forests, tropical savannas, arid regions (deserts), Mediterranean ecosystems, temperate forest ecosystems, temperate grasslands, coniferous forests, tundra (both polar and high mountain), terrestrial wetlands, freshwater ecosystems and coastal/marine systems. This breadth of topics shows the complexity of plant ecology, since it includes plants from floating single-celled algae up to large canopy forming trees.One feature that defines plants is photosynthesis. One of the most important aspects of plant ecology is the role plants have played in creating the oxygenated atmosphere of earth, an event that occurred some 2 billion years ago. It can be dated by the deposition of banded iron formations, distinctive sedimentary rocks with large amounts of iron oxide. At the same time, plants began removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, thereby initiating the process of controlling Earth's climate. A long term trend of the Earth has been toward increasing oxygen and decreasing carbon dioxide, and many other events in the Earths history, like the first movement of life onto land, are likely tied to this sequence of events.One of the early classic books on plant ecology was written by J.E. Weaver and F.E. Clements. It talks broadly about plant communities, and particularly the importance of forces like competition and processes like succession. Although some of the terminology is dated, this important book can still often be obtained in used book stores.Plant ecology can also be divided by levels of organization including plant ecophysiology, plant population ecology, community ecology, ecosystem ecology, landscape ecology and biosphere ecology.The study of plants and vegetation is complicated by their form. First, most plants are rooted in the soil, which makes it difficult to observe and measure nutrient uptake and species interactions. Second, plants often reproduce vegetatively, that is asexually, in a way that makes it difficult to distinguish individual plants. Indeed, the very concept of an individual is doubtful, since even a tree may be regarded as a large collection of linked meristems. Hence, plant ecology and animal ecology have different styles of approach to problems that involve processes like reproduction, dispersal and mutualism. Some plant ecologists have placed considerable emphasis upon trying to treat plant populations as if they were animal populations, focusing on population ecology. Many other ecologists believe that while it is useful to draw upon population ecology to solve certain scientific problems, plants demand that ecologists work with multiple perspectives, appropriate to the problem, the scale and the situation.