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Effects of Biocides on antibiotic resistance
Effects of Biocides on antibiotic resistance

... They treat production plants, processing areas and food containers to control the microbial growth in food and drinks. They are also commonly used to disinfect equipment, containers, surfaces or pipes associated with the production, transport and storage of food or drink, including drinking water. I ...
Cephalosporin
Cephalosporin

... (7-ACA), was derived from cephalosporin C and proved to be analogous to the penicillin nucleus 6-aminopenicillanic acid, but it was not sufficiently potent for clinical use. Modification of the 7-ACA side-chains resulted in the development of useful antibiotic agents, and the first agent cephalothin ...
Cephalosporin
Cephalosporin

... (7-ACA), was derived from cephalosporin C and proved to be analogous to the penicillin nucleus 6-aminopenicillanic acid, but it was not sufficiently potent for clinical use. Modification of the 7-ACA side-chains resulted in the development of useful antibiotic agents, and the first agent cephalothin ...
2012 Program
2012 Program

... antibacterial autophagy but has also been identified as a factor in the resistance of GAS to lysosomal killing. To resolve these apparently contradictory observations, we investigated in greater depth the role of SLO in inducing autophagy in response to GAS infection of human oropharyngeal keratinoc ...
investigation of exudative epidermitis and ear necrosis
investigation of exudative epidermitis and ear necrosis

... Therefore, damage to skin can result in serious health consequences including dehydration and secondary infection. Lesions can be painful and are frequently linked to welfare concerns. Pig skin has economic value at slaughter in that it is an edible tissue but also can be used for leather and other ...


... impairment, and systemic spread of bacteria leading to septic shock and multiorgan failure (5). Escherichia coli K1 is the most common cause of meningitis in premature infants (46%), whereas it is the second most common agent in full term neonates (15%) (6). Mortality rates of 5% are recorded in chi ...
Microbiology Abstracts 1 Judges, please do NOT pre
Microbiology Abstracts 1 Judges, please do NOT pre

... was tested on subject 1 and subject 2 to see why it is so important to clean hands. Then subject 1’s hand was cleaned with Antibacterial Dial and the other hand with Regular Soft soap. Then subject 2’s hand was cleaned with Antibacterial Soft Soap and the other hand with Regular Soft Soap. The hands ...
Disinfection and Sterilization: What`s New
Disinfection and Sterilization: What`s New

... Complete ...
Original articles Expression of resistance to tetracyclines in strains of
Original articles Expression of resistance to tetracyclines in strains of

... promoters in animal husbandry and even to treat bacterial infections in plants.1,2 Not surprisingly, tetracycline resistance is prevalent in a diverse range of bacteria, and is encoded by a wide range of determinants.3 Nevertheless, these relatively inexpensive antibiotics are, in some countries, st ...
1. Surveillance and reporting of antimicrobial resistance and
1. Surveillance and reporting of antimicrobial resistance and

... agricultural contexts, clinical experts and professional colleges. The report – National Surveillance and Reporting of Antimicrobial Resistance and Antibiotic Usage for Human Health in Australia – was commissioned in response to a gap analysis undertaken by a multidisciplinary taskforce convened by ...
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... addition to that, Al Masaudi and Al Bureikan write that the onion juice, honey and onionhoney cough cure have inhibitory effects separately on both Gram-positive (S. pyogenes, S. aureus, Enterococci )and Gram-negative (E. coli, P. aeruginosa) bacteria. Their research showed that the combination of o ...
Bacterial anti-adhesive properties of polysulfone membranes
Bacterial anti-adhesive properties of polysulfone membranes

... The initial bacterial deposition and adhesion play a critical role in the development of biofilms on membrane surfaces [8]. While the initial transport of planktonic bacteria to a membrane surface is mainly controlled by hydrodynamic factors (such as cross-flow velocity and permeate flow rate), the ini ...
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 93
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 93

... can also be within the solid matrix of the polymeric bead. In some cases, the microbial cells are on the surface or partially within and partially outside of the gel matrix. From contraction of the alginate bead during formation and curing, close to its surface, the number of microorganisms is highe ...
Abstract wide variety of environments is due in part to its... genetic  versatility,  which  contributes  significantly ...
Abstract wide variety of environments is due in part to its... genetic versatility, which contributes significantly ...

... wide variety of environments is due in part to its extensive genetic versatility, which contributes significantly to its potential pathogenicity. The burn wound can be regarded as a culture medium, and a vascularity of the burn wound prevents the action of the blood-borne immune system (Finnanet. al ...
PVP-Iodine Brochure
PVP-Iodine Brochure

... for effectiveness by the use of in vitro methods. In vitro results, however, should be considered only as preliminary findings which should be confirmed under in vivo conditions simulating serum load and other organic matter in test samples. PVP-Iodine can react with these materials consuming some o ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)

... of gram-negative organisms particularly E.coli, Acinetobacter spp, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp., Enterobacter spp.(4-9) These Gram-negative organisms are of particular concern with reported increasing rates of drug resistance.(10-12) Among the β-lactams, third generation cephalosporins, such as ...
Spread-antibiotic-resistant-strains-home
Spread-antibiotic-resistant-strains-home

... E. coli isolated in October 2009. Prolonged colonization and relapsing infection by NDM-1positive E. coli were observed in a patient (index case) with an indirect epidemiological link with areas of endemicity. Transient colonization was apparently observed in another patient linked with the index ca ...
Thesis.  - ResearchSpace@UKZN
Thesis. - ResearchSpace@UKZN

... biosynthetic routes often have much commonality [sectionl.4]. ...
Lesson: An Overview of Scope of Microbiology Lesson Developer
Lesson: An Overview of Scope of Microbiology Lesson Developer

... the other hand they find immense applications in almost all areas of science; whether it be chemical studies, space studies, industrial production and many more. They also affect the environment in which they grow. Thus, Microbiology as a subject provides ample opportunity to know microorganisms and ...
OIE International Standards on Antimicrobial Resistance, 2003
OIE International Standards on Antimicrobial Resistance, 2003

... The increasing antimicrobial resistance of important human pathogenic bacteria, and the spread of such bacteria from the closed environment of hospitals into surrounding communities, are increasingly perceived as threats to public health. Any use of antimicrobials, whether in humans, animals, plants ...
The fitness costs of antibiotic resistance mutations
The fitness costs of antibiotic resistance mutations

... around the world. Estimates of the economic burden of AMR are estimated to be at least 1.5 billion euros annually in Europe (World Health Organization 2012) and on the order of $200 million annually in Canada alone (Conly 2002), and these costs are expected to get worse with time. Widespread therape ...
A plAtform for Anti-biofilm AssAys
A plAtform for Anti-biofilm AssAys

... assessment of genetically modified Gerbera hybrida extracts. Drug and Chemical Toxicology 32(2):120-7, 2009. ...


... been adsorbed, confirmed that binding of LPS by tethered WLBU2 is mediated through peptide insertion and conformational change within the LPS membrane. LPS capture by tethered WLBU2 was detected in the presence of fibrinogen as well. However, that outcome is best considered tentative, as it was asso ...
National surveillance and reporting of antimicrobial resistance and
National surveillance and reporting of antimicrobial resistance and

... also taken significant action in establishing two committees to oversee national initiatives to prevent and contain antimicrobial resistance in Australia. In February 2013 the Department of Health and Ageing and the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry formed the Australian Antimicrobia ...
On the antibacterial action of cultures of a Penicillium, with special
On the antibacterial action of cultures of a Penicillium, with special

... bacilli of the diphtheria group that the action is most manifest. Staphylococci are very sensitive, and the inhibitory effect is practically the same on all strains, whatever the colour or type of the staphylococcus. ...
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Antimicrobial surface

An antimicrobial surface contains an antimicrobial agent that inhibits or reduces the ability of microorganisms to grow on the surface of a material. Such surfaces are becoming more widely investigated for possible use in various settings including clinics, industry, and even the home. The most common and most important use of antimicrobial coatings has been in the healthcare setting for sterilization of medical devices to prevent hospital associated infections, which have accounted for almost 100,000 deaths in the United States. In addition to medical devices, linens and clothing can provide a suitable environment for many bacteria, fungi, and viruses to grow when in contact with the human body which allows for the transmission of infectious disease.Antimicrobial surfaces are functionalized in a variety of different processes. A coating may be applied to a surface that has a chemical compound which is toxic to microorganism. Other surfaces may be functionalized by attaching a polymer, or polypeptide to its surface.An innovation in antimicrobial surfaces is the discovery that copper and its alloys (brasses, bronzes, cupronickel, copper-nickel-zinc, and others) are natural antimicrobial materials that have intrinsic properties to destroy a wide range of microorganisms. An abundance of peer-reviewed antimicrobial efficacy studies have been published regarding copper’s efficacy to destroy E. coli O157:H7, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus, Clostridium difficile, influenza A virus, adenovirus, and fungi. For further information regarding efficacy studies, clinical studies (including U.S. Department of Defense clinical trials), United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) registrations with public health claims for 355 Antimicrobial Copper (Cu+) alloys, and a list of EPA-registered antimicrobial copper products, see: Antimicrobial copper touch surfaces and Antimicrobial properties of copper.Apart from the health industry, antimicrobial surfaces have been utilized for their ability to keep surfaces cleaned. Either the physical nature of the surface, or the chemical make up can be manipulated to create an environment which cannot be inhabited by microorganisms for a variety of different reasons. Photocatalytic materials have been used for their ability to kill many microorganisms and therefore can be used for self-cleaning surfaces as well as air cleaning, water purification, and antitumor activity.
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