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... Actinobacteria are ubiquitous and known for its heavy metal resistance and antibiotic production. Antibiotic activity and metal resistance property of Casuarina equisetifolia associated actinobacteria were studied. The actinobacteria were screened for antagonistic activity against bacterial and fung ...
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius

... 3. What biochemical assay(s) produce the same results of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius? What biochemical assay(s) can differentiate these two organisms? Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen of both humans and animals. In humans, clinical presentations can ra ...
J42015562
J42015562

... plasmid causes defects in adherence and biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa [21]. The mechanisms by which R-plasmids alter hydrophobicity and adherence are not clear, but they may code for the production of different surface components on bacteria. In this study, the correlation between acid ...
12_Oral_Microbial_Ecology_
12_Oral_Microbial_Ecology_

...  Colonization resistance is firstly achieved through ...
The role of released ATP in killingCandida albicansand other
The role of released ATP in killingCandida albicansand other

... toxicity are closely related processes, and loss of either Ssa1 or Ssa2 proteins results in diminished Hst 5 intracellular transport and cell killing [17]. Similarly, internalization of histatin variant peptides dhvar4 and dhvar5 has been demonstrated [18, 19], but it is not clear whether they also ...
Appendix I Disinfectants for Biohazardous Materials SOP
Appendix I Disinfectants for Biohazardous Materials SOP

... Decontamination reduces microbial contamination of materials or surfaces to prevent inadvertent infection. Disinfection is the elimination of virtually all pathogenic organisms on inanimate objects and surfaces; it reduces the level of microbial contamination to an acceptably safe level. Sterilizati ...
Bacteria Powerpoint #3
Bacteria Powerpoint #3

... When antibiotics are administered when they are not needed we are exposing more bacteria to selection for resistance. NOTE: Remember as well that the genes for antibiotic resistance can also be transferred to other normal bacteria through the conjugation. ...
Antimicrobial activities of silver dressings: an in vitro comparison
Antimicrobial activities of silver dressings: an in vitro comparison

... Karlsmark, T., Agerslev, R. H., Bendz, S. H., Larsen, J. R., RoedPetersen, J. & Andersen, K. E. (2003). Clinical performance of a new ...
CUL-FacilitySanitation
CUL-FacilitySanitation

... PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 ...
Proper Handwashing
Proper Handwashing

... hands and clean, exposed portions of arms • After using the toilet • After coughing, sneezing, using a handkerchief or disposable tissue, using tobacco, eating or drinking • After handling soiled equipment or utensils • After food preparation, as often as necessary to remove soil and contamination a ...
Germs and Disease - International Scientific Forum on Home Hygiene
Germs and Disease - International Scientific Forum on Home Hygiene

... • Even among bacteria that can cause disease, only a few species are always pathogenic. Many free-living bacteria or members of the normal flora are potentially pathogenic in certain types of individual (particularly the immuno-compromised), but are most of the time harmless • Consumers tend to be v ...
briefing document and policy recommendation
briefing document and policy recommendation

... 2002 slightly more than 11 million deaths were attributable to infectious and parasitic diseases.4 More than 90% of these deaths were attributable to a handful of infections, suggesting that targeted guidelines for treatment of well-described disease entities can have a powerful effect on morbidity ...
the effect of iron removal from raffinate on the copper bioleaching
the effect of iron removal from raffinate on the copper bioleaching

... heap bioleach process led to the formation of various types of jarosite, (K,Na,NH 4,H3O)Fe3(SO4)2(OH)6, on the heap mineral surfaces.This study probes iron removal from the raffinate using a bio-oxidation process based on A. ferrooxidans bacteria in the presence and absence of jarosite seed. The jar ...
Document
Document

... viral immunopathogenesis and epidemiology. Interferons. HIV and AIDS. Oncogenic viruses. Antimicrobial chemotherapy: mains groups of antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral drugs: mechanisms of action and spectrum. Mechanisms of resistance to antibacterial agents: emergence and spread of antibiotic ...
What comes after Ancef? A guide to antimicrobial
What comes after Ancef? A guide to antimicrobial

... Head and Neck procedures › Clean head and neck procedures, as well as tonsillectomy and endoscopic sinus surgeries have a very low rate of infection, and do not require antibiotic prophylaxis › Clean-contaminated, commonly head in neck cancer, are very complex do to the flora of the mouth, › Recom ...
2008 Program
2008 Program

... Evidence that the transpeptidase activity of PBP1 may serve as a checkpoint linking cell wall synthesis and cell division to the activity of the autolytic system in Staphylococcus aureus ...
Antimicrobial action of tea tree oil
Antimicrobial action of tea tree oil

... tree oil and that Quad 10 would have the clearest zone of inhibition but we were incorrect in this prediction. Tea tree oil was not predicted to control all the bacteria tested, nor be superior to Quad 10 or Listerine. The results indicated that the other products showed no or little zone of inhibit ...
Programa i llibre de resums - Societat Catalana de Biologia
Programa i llibre de resums - Societat Catalana de Biologia

... also for irrigation of fresh produce for human consumption. Water quality, is evaluated according to FIB levels (Fecal Indicator Bacteria), but these indicators do not always correlate with enteric viruses. Wastewater contains many potential well known pathogenic bacteria and viruses; but also other ...
bacterial resistance and antibiotic therapy
bacterial resistance and antibiotic therapy

... This description started the antibiotic era, one of the most important phases in the development of medicine.  The beginning of the use of penicillin in medical practice in 1942 and subsequent development of other antibiotic agents brought the hope that bacterial diseases would no longer be a probl ...
Lecture 6 Cephalosporins MBBS 2012 Taken (2)
Lecture 6 Cephalosporins MBBS 2012 Taken (2)

... • Highly augmented activity against gram-negative organisms • Less active than first generation agents against gram positive cocci & anaerobes. • All are highly resistant to β-lactamases from gram negative bacteria. • Some inhibit psuedomonas as well; ceftazidime, cefoperazone(withdrawn) ...
Microbiology (BIO
Microbiology (BIO

... semester: Many of the microorganisms we will use this semester will be Biosafety Level 1 (not shown to cause disease in humans) but several will be Biosafety Level 2 (can cause disease in humans). ...
Microorganisms
Microorganisms

... that is done to make bacteria more visible under a microscope, and help identify characteristics about them like shape, size and cell wall/membrane structure. The reason some bacteria stain gram positive or negative has to do with the structure and thickness of their cell wall and cell membrane. Exp ...
FLUID, PLEURAL FLUID AND SYNOVIAL FLUID AT KENYATTA
FLUID, PLEURAL FLUID AND SYNOVIAL FLUID AT KENYATTA

... An antimicrobial is an agent that kills microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses or fungi, or suppresses their multiplication or growth. Antibiotic susceptibility is the inhibition of growth or killing of bacteria by use of antibiotics. Acquisition of Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is resistance of ...
THE EFFECT OF DECREASING OCEAN PH ON THE
THE EFFECT OF DECREASING OCEAN PH ON THE

... longer period of time or at a different temperature, causing it to lose more of its antibiotic activity. Because cinnamon oil, garlic, and honey showed significant antibacterial activity, there is a potential application of these items in antibiotics and antimicrobial agents. These compounds may hav ...
Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of bacteria
Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of bacteria

... An antimicrobial is an agent that kills microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses or fungi, or suppresses their multiplication or growth. Antibiotic susceptibility is the inhibition of growth or killing of bacteria by use of antibiotics. Acquisition of Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is resistance of ...
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Antimicrobial surface

An antimicrobial surface contains an antimicrobial agent that inhibits or reduces the ability of microorganisms to grow on the surface of a material. Such surfaces are becoming more widely investigated for possible use in various settings including clinics, industry, and even the home. The most common and most important use of antimicrobial coatings has been in the healthcare setting for sterilization of medical devices to prevent hospital associated infections, which have accounted for almost 100,000 deaths in the United States. In addition to medical devices, linens and clothing can provide a suitable environment for many bacteria, fungi, and viruses to grow when in contact with the human body which allows for the transmission of infectious disease.Antimicrobial surfaces are functionalized in a variety of different processes. A coating may be applied to a surface that has a chemical compound which is toxic to microorganism. Other surfaces may be functionalized by attaching a polymer, or polypeptide to its surface.An innovation in antimicrobial surfaces is the discovery that copper and its alloys (brasses, bronzes, cupronickel, copper-nickel-zinc, and others) are natural antimicrobial materials that have intrinsic properties to destroy a wide range of microorganisms. An abundance of peer-reviewed antimicrobial efficacy studies have been published regarding copper’s efficacy to destroy E. coli O157:H7, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus, Clostridium difficile, influenza A virus, adenovirus, and fungi. For further information regarding efficacy studies, clinical studies (including U.S. Department of Defense clinical trials), United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) registrations with public health claims for 355 Antimicrobial Copper (Cu+) alloys, and a list of EPA-registered antimicrobial copper products, see: Antimicrobial copper touch surfaces and Antimicrobial properties of copper.Apart from the health industry, antimicrobial surfaces have been utilized for their ability to keep surfaces cleaned. Either the physical nature of the surface, or the chemical make up can be manipulated to create an environment which cannot be inhabited by microorganisms for a variety of different reasons. Photocatalytic materials have been used for their ability to kill many microorganisms and therefore can be used for self-cleaning surfaces as well as air cleaning, water purification, and antitumor activity.
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