McLelland, JM, Selleck, BW, and Bickford, ME, 2010
... and McNutt, 1989). These observations suggest that the southeastern margin of Paleoproterozoic Laurentia may have hosted an Andean-type arc developed in a combined Penokean-MakkovikKetilidian orogenic belt (Hoffman, 1989). In the parautochthon south of Sudbury, Dickin and McNutt (1989) described a m ...
... and McNutt, 1989). These observations suggest that the southeastern margin of Paleoproterozoic Laurentia may have hosted an Andean-type arc developed in a combined Penokean-MakkovikKetilidian orogenic belt (Hoffman, 1989). In the parautochthon south of Sudbury, Dickin and McNutt (1989) described a m ...
Wilson Cycle Guide - James Madison University
... Stage C Rift to Drift: Early ocean basin formation Description of Process: Stage C follows seamlessly from Stage B, in that the original continent stretches, thins, and eventually splits in two to form two continents (Eastcontinent and Westcontinent). Between the two continents a new ocean basin for ...
... Stage C Rift to Drift: Early ocean basin formation Description of Process: Stage C follows seamlessly from Stage B, in that the original continent stretches, thins, and eventually splits in two to form two continents (Eastcontinent and Westcontinent). Between the two continents a new ocean basin for ...
Tut-4-exam-Q
... B. Folds that are downward-facing indicate that at least two deformation events have occurred. ...
... B. Folds that are downward-facing indicate that at least two deformation events have occurred. ...
the petrology of iceland some general remarks
... at present; at least the rift features are much less prominent than south of Thingvellir. The Eldgja-Katla area on the eastern flank of the Sudurland volcanic zone produces high-titanium tholeiites and is characterized by a major fissure swarm. The calc-alkaline Hekla is likewise characterized by a ...
... at present; at least the rift features are much less prominent than south of Thingvellir. The Eldgja-Katla area on the eastern flank of the Sudurland volcanic zone produces high-titanium tholeiites and is characterized by a major fissure swarm. The calc-alkaline Hekla is likewise characterized by a ...
Igneous Rocks Definition of Igneous Rocks
... • Formed when Farallon Plate subducted below the North American Plate ...
... • Formed when Farallon Plate subducted below the North American Plate ...
Metamorphic Petrology
... come kinetic barriers in the aim of driving reactions to reach equilibrium 1. Promotes recrystallization → increased grain size 2. consumes unstable mineral(s) and produces new minerals that are stable ...
... come kinetic barriers in the aim of driving reactions to reach equilibrium 1. Promotes recrystallization → increased grain size 2. consumes unstable mineral(s) and produces new minerals that are stable ...
RIVER SUMMER CURRICULUM: Natural Sciences Geology
... stages of the Grenville Orogeny, large-scale faults developed as the Grenville Mountains began to break down. Hot water circulating through these fault zones precipitated economicallyviable deposits of magnetite (Fe3O4) iron ore. Rodinia lasted for hundreds of millions of years during the latter par ...
... stages of the Grenville Orogeny, large-scale faults developed as the Grenville Mountains began to break down. Hot water circulating through these fault zones precipitated economicallyviable deposits of magnetite (Fe3O4) iron ore. Rodinia lasted for hundreds of millions of years during the latter par ...
Aleutian white paper 1
... composition of arc crust. These assumptions are rarely tested. The Aleutian arc is unique among intraoceanic arcs in its widespread exposure of Paleogene and Neogene, mid-crustal, felsic plutonic rocks, as well as their host lavas. Preliminary data suggest that many Aleutian plutonic rocks are deriv ...
... composition of arc crust. These assumptions are rarely tested. The Aleutian arc is unique among intraoceanic arcs in its widespread exposure of Paleogene and Neogene, mid-crustal, felsic plutonic rocks, as well as their host lavas. Preliminary data suggest that many Aleutian plutonic rocks are deriv ...
PDF
... the northern and southern parts of the KS. Because of differences in structural styles along strike, the KS is divided into northern, central, and southern segments. In spite of these along-strike differences, the N-trending structure of the KS is everywhere younger than the E- and NE-trending struc ...
... the northern and southern parts of the KS. Because of differences in structural styles along strike, the KS is divided into northern, central, and southern segments. In spite of these along-strike differences, the N-trending structure of the KS is everywhere younger than the E- and NE-trending struc ...
Popov_a
... intracontinental rifting, ocean spreading, subduction, early collision, intracollisional rifting, late collision, late to postcollisional orogeny. The Strandja metallogenic zone and Kremikovtsi ore field developed during the intracontinental rifting stage. The ophiolite complex and related ore depos ...
... intracontinental rifting, ocean spreading, subduction, early collision, intracollisional rifting, late collision, late to postcollisional orogeny. The Strandja metallogenic zone and Kremikovtsi ore field developed during the intracontinental rifting stage. The ophiolite complex and related ore depos ...
Chapter 1 - Springer
... characteristics of the Balkans are: (i) widespread Mesozoic to Early Tertiary flysch; (ii) general lack of products of Alpine magmatic activity; (iii) intense midEocene compressional deformations in the central and eastern segments; (iv) relatively thick continental crust (38–34 km), gradually thinn ...
... characteristics of the Balkans are: (i) widespread Mesozoic to Early Tertiary flysch; (ii) general lack of products of Alpine magmatic activity; (iii) intense midEocene compressional deformations in the central and eastern segments; (iv) relatively thick continental crust (38–34 km), gradually thinn ...
igneous rocks
... Phaneritic (phaner = visible) textures are typical of intrusive igneous rocks, these rocks crystallized slowly below the Earth's surface. As a magma cools slowly the minerals have time to grow and form large crystals. The minerals in a phaneritic igneous rock are sufficiently large to see each indiv ...
... Phaneritic (phaner = visible) textures are typical of intrusive igneous rocks, these rocks crystallized slowly below the Earth's surface. As a magma cools slowly the minerals have time to grow and form large crystals. The minerals in a phaneritic igneous rock are sufficiently large to see each indiv ...
Plate Tectonics PhET Simulation Part 1: Describing differences
... a. What forms at this boundary? __________________________________________________________________ b. How many years did it take for this to form? ______________________________________________________ c. If both plates were made of oceanic crust, how is it possible for one of the plates to slide un ...
... a. What forms at this boundary? __________________________________________________________________ b. How many years did it take for this to form? ______________________________________________________ c. If both plates were made of oceanic crust, how is it possible for one of the plates to slide un ...
The Pecos greenstone belt - New Mexico Geological Society
... broadly similar to suites found in some Archean greenstone belts such as those in the western Vermilion District, northeastern Minnesota (Morey, 1978) and South Surgeon Lake, Ontario (Franklin, 1978). The most abundant rock type within the volcanic suite is fine- to medium-grained amphibolite, or me ...
... broadly similar to suites found in some Archean greenstone belts such as those in the western Vermilion District, northeastern Minnesota (Morey, 1978) and South Surgeon Lake, Ontario (Franklin, 1978). The most abundant rock type within the volcanic suite is fine- to medium-grained amphibolite, or me ...
Geology - Central Washington University Geological Sciences
... early Paleozoic continental margin of southern Laurentia is preserved in a nearly pristine state beneath younger strata that were emplaced during the late Paleozoic Ouachita orogeny and formation of the modern Gulf of Mexico coastal plain. The thickness of the crystalline crust decreases abruptly ac ...
... early Paleozoic continental margin of southern Laurentia is preserved in a nearly pristine state beneath younger strata that were emplaced during the late Paleozoic Ouachita orogeny and formation of the modern Gulf of Mexico coastal plain. The thickness of the crystalline crust decreases abruptly ac ...
1-Movement of Crustal Plates - Fellows
... when molten flow smoothly. Volcanic eruptions are classified as gentle. Rocks include Basalt and Gabbro. ...
... when molten flow smoothly. Volcanic eruptions are classified as gentle. Rocks include Basalt and Gabbro. ...
Silurian-Early Devonian mafic rocks of the Piscataquis volcanic belt
... beds of probable Ludlovian and Pridolian age. The rocks are overlain by either shallow marine fossiliferous, Early De vonian sandstone or the facies equivalent flysch of the Lower Devonian Seboomook and Matagamon formations that are, in turn, overlain by thick predominantly welded ash flows of the ...
... beds of probable Ludlovian and Pridolian age. The rocks are overlain by either shallow marine fossiliferous, Early De vonian sandstone or the facies equivalent flysch of the Lower Devonian Seboomook and Matagamon formations that are, in turn, overlain by thick predominantly welded ash flows of the ...
Igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks.
... 2. Assimilation of host rock: if the rock into which the magma has intruded is melted by the high temperatures, its inclusion in the magma will change its composition; the rock type that forms will ...
... 2. Assimilation of host rock: if the rock into which the magma has intruded is melted by the high temperatures, its inclusion in the magma will change its composition; the rock type that forms will ...
Chapter 10 Worksheet
... Possible Interpretation of How the Features are Related (circle the letter for the best answer) (a) Two oceanic plates diverge, forming a rift, and allowing magma to reach the surface. (b) Oceanic crust is subducted and releases water, and magma rises into the overriding plate. (c) A rising mantle p ...
... Possible Interpretation of How the Features are Related (circle the letter for the best answer) (a) Two oceanic plates diverge, forming a rift, and allowing magma to reach the surface. (b) Oceanic crust is subducted and releases water, and magma rises into the overriding plate. (c) A rising mantle p ...
Diverging Plates: The Underlying Story
... resulting from convection are still present in the model and are clearly interacting with the ridge axis flow. However, it can be seen that at the ridge axis the flow evolves to a laminar form; this model will thus generate uniform oceanic crust. We have run many other models with different paramete ...
... resulting from convection are still present in the model and are clearly interacting with the ridge axis flow. However, it can be seen that at the ridge axis the flow evolves to a laminar form; this model will thus generate uniform oceanic crust. We have run many other models with different paramete ...
Exam #3 –- All numbered questions are given equal weight in the
... A) some volcanic rocks under the ship on the sea floor cooled during periods when the magnetic north pole was at the current geographic north pole and some rocks cooled when the magnetic north pole was at the current geographic south pole B) sometimes the ships cross over volcanic hot spots and the ...
... A) some volcanic rocks under the ship on the sea floor cooled during periods when the magnetic north pole was at the current geographic north pole and some rocks cooled when the magnetic north pole was at the current geographic south pole B) sometimes the ships cross over volcanic hot spots and the ...
Peter J. Wyllie BATHOLITHS and EXPERIMENTS in the 1970s
... in the rain, and explained to us how the tonalites had been formed by partial melting, right there - in the quarry - and then the whole mass had been intruded upwards as a tonalite pluton. He showed us migmatites with leucocratic veins termed tonalite, rocks shot through with massive tonalite dikes, ...
... in the rain, and explained to us how the tonalites had been formed by partial melting, right there - in the quarry - and then the whole mass had been intruded upwards as a tonalite pluton. He showed us migmatites with leucocratic veins termed tonalite, rocks shot through with massive tonalite dikes, ...
Three‐dimensional field perspective on deformation, flow, and
... juvenile plutons commonly led to the genesis of anatectic granites [Jayananda et al., 1995, 2000; Moyen et al., 2003a]. [7] As a result of differential erosion subsequent to postArchean northward tilt (2°, according to Moyen et al. [2003b]), the craton exposes a continuous section through an amphibo ...
... juvenile plutons commonly led to the genesis of anatectic granites [Jayananda et al., 1995, 2000; Moyen et al., 2003a]. [7] As a result of differential erosion subsequent to postArchean northward tilt (2°, according to Moyen et al. [2003b]), the craton exposes a continuous section through an amphibo ...
Word - Manchester Geological Association
... Ever since the realisation in the late 1960’s that ophiolites represent ancient pieces of oceanic crust and upper mantle they have been instrumental in the development of models for the formation of oceanic crust. Despite the early recognition (at least by some) that ophiolites may actually have for ...
... Ever since the realisation in the late 1960’s that ophiolites represent ancient pieces of oceanic crust and upper mantle they have been instrumental in the development of models for the formation of oceanic crust. Despite the early recognition (at least by some) that ophiolites may actually have for ...
Forum Reply - Francis A. Macdonald
... England Appalachians. This terrane, solely represented by the Moretown Formation, would be bound to the west by the Red Indian Line, the Iapetan suture between Laurentia and Gondwana. We present an alternative interpretation that takes better account of the Neoproterozoic to Ordovician geological hi ...
... England Appalachians. This terrane, solely represented by the Moretown Formation, would be bound to the west by the Red Indian Line, the Iapetan suture between Laurentia and Gondwana. We present an alternative interpretation that takes better account of the Neoproterozoic to Ordovician geological hi ...
Great Lakes tectonic zone
The Great Lakes tectonic zone is bounded by South Dakota at its tip and heads northeast to south of Duluth, Minnesota, then heads east through northern Wisconsin, Marquette, Michigan, and then trends more northeasterly to skim the northern-most shores of lakes Michigan and Huron before ending in the Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, area.During the Late Archean Era the Algoman orogeny added landmass to the Superior province by volcanic activity and continental collision along a boundary that stretches from present-day South Dakota, U.S., into the Lake Huron region near Sudbury, Ontario, Canada.This crustal boundary is the Great Lakes tectonic zone. It is 1,400 km (870 mi) long, and separates the older Archean gneissic terrane to the south from younger Late Archean greenstone-granite terrane to the north.The zone is characterized by active compression during the Algoman orogeny (about 2,700 million years ago), a pulling-apart (extensional) tectonics (2,450 to 2,100 million years ago), a second compression during the Penokean orogeny (1,900 to 1,850 million years ago), a second extension during Middle Proterozoic time (1,600 million years ago) and minor reactivation during Phanerozoic time (the past 500 million years).Collision began along the Great Lakes tectonic zone (GLTZ) with the Algoman mountain-building event and continued for tens of millions of years. During the formation of the GLTZ, the gneissic Minnesota River Valley subprovince was thrust up onto the Superior province's edge as it consumed the Superior province's oceanic crust. Fragmentation of the Kenorland supercontinent began 2,450 million years ago and was completed by 2,100 million years ago. The Wyoming province is the continental landmass that is hypothesized to have rifted away from the southern Superior province portion of Kenorland, before moving rapidly west and docking with the Laurentia supercontinent 1,850 to 1,715 million years ago. Sedimentation from the GLTZ-rifting environment continued into the Penokean orogeny, which is the next major tectonic event in the Great Lakes region. Several earthquakes have been documented in Minnesota, Michigan's Upper Peninsula and Sudbury in the last 120 years along the GLTZ.