Seismic evidence of Alpine crustal thickening and wedging from the
... Figure 6. Shot A recorded toward the east along profile 1. (top) Record section. (bottom) Synthetic section from the velocity-depth model of Figure 5. extension of the crust reached a maximum during this period with the occurrence of submarine volcanism but without oceanization. In the Late Cretaceo ...
... Figure 6. Shot A recorded toward the east along profile 1. (top) Record section. (bottom) Synthetic section from the velocity-depth model of Figure 5. extension of the crust reached a maximum during this period with the occurrence of submarine volcanism but without oceanization. In the Late Cretaceo ...
Batholith tectonics: Formation and deformation of ghost stratigraphy
... high-K, calc-alkaline igneous body that was assembled in the mid-crust across four lithologically distinct nappes within the Helgeland Nappe Complex, central Norway. Extensive vertical and horizontal exposures of metamorphic screens and xenoliths within the batholith provide an unparalleled view of ...
... high-K, calc-alkaline igneous body that was assembled in the mid-crust across four lithologically distinct nappes within the Helgeland Nappe Complex, central Norway. Extensive vertical and horizontal exposures of metamorphic screens and xenoliths within the batholith provide an unparalleled view of ...
Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark, Vol. 29/1-2, pp. 77-101
... molasse sedimentation and Mesozoic rifting, and a southern area which apparently formed a cratonic block from the Early Proterozoic to the Middle Cretaceous. The whole margin was finally separated from the NW Eiu'opean margin by sea floor spreading in the latest Paleocene to earliest Eocene and now ...
... molasse sedimentation and Mesozoic rifting, and a southern area which apparently formed a cratonic block from the Early Proterozoic to the Middle Cretaceous. The whole margin was finally separated from the NW Eiu'opean margin by sea floor spreading in the latest Paleocene to earliest Eocene and now ...
Experimental Constraints on TTG Petrogenesis: Implications
... In terms of chemistry, TTGs are sodic granitoids, with molecular K/Na ratios below 0.4 and SiO2 content between 65 and 75 wt%. Most are metaluminous [molecular Al/(Ca + Na + K), or A/CNK, < 1.1], with a small minority being slightly peraluminous, with A/CNK up to 1.2. Their Mg# is commonly between 3 ...
... In terms of chemistry, TTGs are sodic granitoids, with molecular K/Na ratios below 0.4 and SiO2 content between 65 and 75 wt%. Most are metaluminous [molecular Al/(Ca + Na + K), or A/CNK, < 1.1], with a small minority being slightly peraluminous, with A/CNK up to 1.2. Their Mg# is commonly between 3 ...
Introduction to the Silurian
... Silurian rock units: lithostratigraphy Before a local rock succession can be correlated with the standard chronostratigraphy, it must first be defined in terms of its component lithostratigraphical units. These units are the natural subdivisions based on readily observable characters such as rock co ...
... Silurian rock units: lithostratigraphy Before a local rock succession can be correlated with the standard chronostratigraphy, it must first be defined in terms of its component lithostratigraphical units. These units are the natural subdivisions based on readily observable characters such as rock co ...
Origin of carbonatites in the South Qinling orogen:
... Lingbao–Lushan–Wuyang fault in the north and the Mianlue–Bashan–Xiangguang fault in the south. Two suture zones incorporating ophiolitic mélange, the Shangdan suture in the north and the Mianlue suture in the south, are well documented (Meng and Zhang, 1999; Ratschbacher et al., 2003). The orogen i ...
... Lingbao–Lushan–Wuyang fault in the north and the Mianlue–Bashan–Xiangguang fault in the south. Two suture zones incorporating ophiolitic mélange, the Shangdan suture in the north and the Mianlue suture in the south, are well documented (Meng and Zhang, 1999; Ratschbacher et al., 2003). The orogen i ...
accepted manuscript
... non-locked subduction channel (< 20% below 50 km depth) allowing for reliable interpretation of P-T/P-T-t data. Therefore, elucidation of the mechanisms of formation and exhumation of the UHP rocks is of utmost importance both for understanding the mechanisms of continental convergence (e.g. subduct ...
... non-locked subduction channel (< 20% below 50 km depth) allowing for reliable interpretation of P-T/P-T-t data. Therefore, elucidation of the mechanisms of formation and exhumation of the UHP rocks is of utmost importance both for understanding the mechanisms of continental convergence (e.g. subduct ...
Text
... rhyodacites from Jamaica (Fig. 1), called the Newcastle Volcanics, which have very similar compositions to Eoarchaean TTG suites. Data suggested that the Newcastle Volcanics were generated by partial melting of a subducting portion of an oceanic plateau. The Newcastle Volcanics were subsequently use ...
... rhyodacites from Jamaica (Fig. 1), called the Newcastle Volcanics, which have very similar compositions to Eoarchaean TTG suites. Data suggested that the Newcastle Volcanics were generated by partial melting of a subducting portion of an oceanic plateau. The Newcastle Volcanics were subsequently use ...
Crust and upper mantle discontinuity structure beneath eastern
... compensation of the heavily eroded topography [James et al., 1968; McNutt, 1980]. Data from the MOMA array allow us to systematically investigate crustal thickness and isostasy in the northern Appalachians. The MOMA array also provides new constraints on Moho topography into the Proterozoic craton, ...
... compensation of the heavily eroded topography [James et al., 1968; McNutt, 1980]. Data from the MOMA array allow us to systematically investigate crustal thickness and isostasy in the northern Appalachians. The MOMA array also provides new constraints on Moho topography into the Proterozoic craton, ...
Fall 2012 - Washtenaw Community College
... Publish in the Following: College Catalog , Time Schedule , Web Page Reason for Submission: Course Change Change Information: Total Contact Hours Outcomes/Assessment Rationale: This change is necessary to align this course with the federal mandate that defines minimum contact hours for science labor ...
... Publish in the Following: College Catalog , Time Schedule , Web Page Reason for Submission: Course Change Change Information: Total Contact Hours Outcomes/Assessment Rationale: This change is necessary to align this course with the federal mandate that defines minimum contact hours for science labor ...
The Palaeozoic of the Southern Alps
... originally formed the northern and western margin of Gondwana. Some of these may have been permanently or loosely attached to Africa while others including the Southern Alps split off in the early Ordovician to drift northward more or less rapidly until they successively collided and accreted with L ...
... originally formed the northern and western margin of Gondwana. Some of these may have been permanently or loosely attached to Africa while others including the Southern Alps split off in the early Ordovician to drift northward more or less rapidly until they successively collided and accreted with L ...
The anatomy and ontogeny of modern intra
... Abstract: Intra-oceanic arc systems (IOASs) represent the oceanic endmember of arc– trench systems and have been the most important sites of juvenile continental crust formation for as long as plate tectonics has operated. IOASs’ crustal profiles are wedge-shaped, with crust up to 20–35 km thick; a ...
... Abstract: Intra-oceanic arc systems (IOASs) represent the oceanic endmember of arc– trench systems and have been the most important sites of juvenile continental crust formation for as long as plate tectonics has operated. IOASs’ crustal profiles are wedge-shaped, with crust up to 20–35 km thick; a ...
Origin and consequences of western Mediterranean subduction
... highest structural units of the Alboran domain (Figure 1), with ages of ~38–32 Ma [Beccaluva et al., 2011; Lustrino et al., 2011], suggesting that subduction below Iberia and southern France was active since at least late Eocene time. This was followed by the inception of widespread overriding plate ...
... highest structural units of the Alboran domain (Figure 1), with ages of ~38–32 Ma [Beccaluva et al., 2011; Lustrino et al., 2011], suggesting that subduction below Iberia and southern France was active since at least late Eocene time. This was followed by the inception of widespread overriding plate ...
The origin of Mount St. Helens andesites
... data, this crustal block has been designated as the southern Washington Cascades conductor (Stanley et al., 1987), the western edge of which is coincident with the St. Helens seismic zone (Weaver, 1989). Mount St. Helens lies where structural trends intersect the St. Helens seismic zone (Weaver and ...
... data, this crustal block has been designated as the southern Washington Cascades conductor (Stanley et al., 1987), the western edge of which is coincident with the St. Helens seismic zone (Weaver, 1989). Mount St. Helens lies where structural trends intersect the St. Helens seismic zone (Weaver and ...
Depth distribution of Moho and tectonic framework in eastern Asian
... volcano, and earthquake, as well as tectonics, is discussed. According to the outline map of distribution of Moho discontinuity from the data of seismic sounding profiles carried out before 1990[14], China continent is divided into 8 blocks[11,14]. The above-mentioned Moho depth maps compiled based ...
... volcano, and earthquake, as well as tectonics, is discussed. According to the outline map of distribution of Moho discontinuity from the data of seismic sounding profiles carried out before 1990[14], China continent is divided into 8 blocks[11,14]. The above-mentioned Moho depth maps compiled based ...
Geodynpub_files/Boutelier, Chemenda, 2011
... exactly this process occurs. The materials with ductile constitutive response were also shown to be able to localize deformation in narrow bands, which results from a constitutive instability. The deformation bifurcation induced by this instability can occur even at positive hardening modulus (Rudni ...
... exactly this process occurs. The materials with ductile constitutive response were also shown to be able to localize deformation in narrow bands, which results from a constitutive instability. The deformation bifurcation induced by this instability can occur even at positive hardening modulus (Rudni ...
Roberts et al., 2013, Basin Modeling
... believe that it is important first to understand the present-day firstorder crustal geometries and then from this move to draw further inferences about processes or apply further modelling. It is inadvisable to make assumptions about break-up processes before the first-order crustal geometry has bee ...
... believe that it is important first to understand the present-day firstorder crustal geometries and then from this move to draw further inferences about processes or apply further modelling. It is inadvisable to make assumptions about break-up processes before the first-order crustal geometry has bee ...
Basaltic pillow mounds in the Vinalhaven intrusion
... trapped ma®c magma at the base of the crust and induced partial melting of the overlying granitic crust. Gravity studies suggest that most granitic plutons are only a few km thick, and lie above ma®c rocks (Hodge et al., 1982). 3. Geology of the Vinalhaven pluton The Vinalhaven pluton was emplaced i ...
... trapped ma®c magma at the base of the crust and induced partial melting of the overlying granitic crust. Gravity studies suggest that most granitic plutons are only a few km thick, and lie above ma®c rocks (Hodge et al., 1982). 3. Geology of the Vinalhaven pluton The Vinalhaven pluton was emplaced i ...
Review of the behavior of plagioclase under metamorphic
... the plagioclaserises abruptly from An64 to An2s-32 and that epidote is greatly diminished in amount above the garnet isograd, concomitant with the appearanceof oligoclase. Sincethe earlier years of the 20th century, when the nature of the isomorphousreplacementof Na and Si for Ca and Al in the plagi ...
... the plagioclaserises abruptly from An64 to An2s-32 and that epidote is greatly diminished in amount above the garnet isograd, concomitant with the appearanceof oligoclase. Sincethe earlier years of the 20th century, when the nature of the isomorphousreplacementof Na and Si for Ca and Al in the plagi ...
Author`s personal copy
... Voluminous intermediate to silicic composition volcanic rocks were generated throughout the southern Rocky Mountains, western U.S., during the mid-Tertiary “ignimbrite flare-up”, principally at the San Juan and Mogollon-Datil volcanic fields. At both volcanic centers, radiogenic isotope data have be ...
... Voluminous intermediate to silicic composition volcanic rocks were generated throughout the southern Rocky Mountains, western U.S., during the mid-Tertiary “ignimbrite flare-up”, principally at the San Juan and Mogollon-Datil volcanic fields. At both volcanic centers, radiogenic isotope data have be ...
Isostasy, flexure, and dynamic topography
... topography was shown to be always much higher than the observed topography. Zoback and Mooney (2003) explained that the negative buoyancy of the ML lowers the observed topography by 1.73 km on average (Fig. 1). Moreover, they computed the thickness of the ML for each point in their dataset and showe ...
... topography was shown to be always much higher than the observed topography. Zoback and Mooney (2003) explained that the negative buoyancy of the ML lowers the observed topography by 1.73 km on average (Fig. 1). Moreover, they computed the thickness of the ML for each point in their dataset and showe ...
KENT C. CONDIE
... the lithosphere is broken into numerous segments or plates that are in motion with respect to one another and are continually changing in shape and size (Figure 1.1/Plate 1). ...
... the lithosphere is broken into numerous segments or plates that are in motion with respect to one another and are continually changing in shape and size (Figure 1.1/Plate 1). ...
Structure, Construction, and Emplacement of the Yosemite Valley
... batholith. The El Capitan Granite and Yosemite Creek Granodiorite are divided in this study into several texturally and compositionally distinct units, whereas the Taft Granite is relatively homogeneous. In ...
... batholith. The El Capitan Granite and Yosemite Creek Granodiorite are divided in this study into several texturally and compositionally distinct units, whereas the Taft Granite is relatively homogeneous. In ...
as a PDF - University of Innsbruck
... arates the Southern and the Central or Northern Alps. These rocks have been subdivided into a northern and a southern domain, respectively. The latter extends beyond the state border to northern Slovenia. In both the Carnic and Karawanken Alps systematic research started soon after the foundation of ...
... arates the Southern and the Central or Northern Alps. These rocks have been subdivided into a northern and a southern domain, respectively. The latter extends beyond the state border to northern Slovenia. In both the Carnic and Karawanken Alps systematic research started soon after the foundation of ...
THE TECTONIC RELATIONSHIPS OF THE HILLABEE CHLORITE
... the schist. Alternating micaeous, quartz-feldspathic, and highly graphitic layers define compositional layering. Foliation (S1) formed during regional metamorphism (M1) and is approximately parallel to compositional layering. Numerous pegmatite veins and quartz dikes 1 to 5 cm thick in the schist ar ...
... the schist. Alternating micaeous, quartz-feldspathic, and highly graphitic layers define compositional layering. Foliation (S1) formed during regional metamorphism (M1) and is approximately parallel to compositional layering. Numerous pegmatite veins and quartz dikes 1 to 5 cm thick in the schist ar ...
Great Lakes tectonic zone
The Great Lakes tectonic zone is bounded by South Dakota at its tip and heads northeast to south of Duluth, Minnesota, then heads east through northern Wisconsin, Marquette, Michigan, and then trends more northeasterly to skim the northern-most shores of lakes Michigan and Huron before ending in the Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, area.During the Late Archean Era the Algoman orogeny added landmass to the Superior province by volcanic activity and continental collision along a boundary that stretches from present-day South Dakota, U.S., into the Lake Huron region near Sudbury, Ontario, Canada.This crustal boundary is the Great Lakes tectonic zone. It is 1,400 km (870 mi) long, and separates the older Archean gneissic terrane to the south from younger Late Archean greenstone-granite terrane to the north.The zone is characterized by active compression during the Algoman orogeny (about 2,700 million years ago), a pulling-apart (extensional) tectonics (2,450 to 2,100 million years ago), a second compression during the Penokean orogeny (1,900 to 1,850 million years ago), a second extension during Middle Proterozoic time (1,600 million years ago) and minor reactivation during Phanerozoic time (the past 500 million years).Collision began along the Great Lakes tectonic zone (GLTZ) with the Algoman mountain-building event and continued for tens of millions of years. During the formation of the GLTZ, the gneissic Minnesota River Valley subprovince was thrust up onto the Superior province's edge as it consumed the Superior province's oceanic crust. Fragmentation of the Kenorland supercontinent began 2,450 million years ago and was completed by 2,100 million years ago. The Wyoming province is the continental landmass that is hypothesized to have rifted away from the southern Superior province portion of Kenorland, before moving rapidly west and docking with the Laurentia supercontinent 1,850 to 1,715 million years ago. Sedimentation from the GLTZ-rifting environment continued into the Penokean orogeny, which is the next major tectonic event in the Great Lakes region. Several earthquakes have been documented in Minnesota, Michigan's Upper Peninsula and Sudbury in the last 120 years along the GLTZ.