FOR PARTICIPANTS ONLY MPDD/CSN/HLAPPD/APOA/2013 ENGLISH ONLY
... human activity. Vulnerability is the degree to which a system is susceptible to, and unable to cope with, adverse effects of climate change, including climate variability and extremes. Thus, vulnerability is a function of the character, magnitude, and rate of climate change and variation to which a ...
... human activity. Vulnerability is the degree to which a system is susceptible to, and unable to cope with, adverse effects of climate change, including climate variability and extremes. Thus, vulnerability is a function of the character, magnitude, and rate of climate change and variation to which a ...
Draft Interim Climate Change Guidelines
... billions of dollars (RBA, 2011, pp. 38), and there has been loss of life (e.g. van den Honert and McAneney, 2011). Climate change is expected to have an adverse impact on extreme rainfall intensities which could increase the risk of flood over time at many locations. The IPCC (2013) states that: ...
... billions of dollars (RBA, 2011, pp. 38), and there has been loss of life (e.g. van den Honert and McAneney, 2011). Climate change is expected to have an adverse impact on extreme rainfall intensities which could increase the risk of flood over time at many locations. The IPCC (2013) states that: ...
Emerging threats to human health from global environmental change.
... occur over very large scales that defy experimental manipulation or even complete characterization. However, collaborative research into these relationships is gaining momentum by drawing on a variety of disciplines, utilizing new tools and methods, and developing innovative approaches to determinin ...
... occur over very large scales that defy experimental manipulation or even complete characterization. However, collaborative research into these relationships is gaining momentum by drawing on a variety of disciplines, utilizing new tools and methods, and developing innovative approaches to determinin ...
The influence of land use and climate change on forest... and composition in Massachusetts, USA J R. T
... persistence, forests in the Northeast may experience increased growth rates and carbon sequestration owing to warmer temperatures, a longer growing season, and potential CO2-driven increases in photosynthesis and water-use efficiency (Ollinger et al. 2008). An optimistic perspective is that climate-r ...
... persistence, forests in the Northeast may experience increased growth rates and carbon sequestration owing to warmer temperatures, a longer growing season, and potential CO2-driven increases in photosynthesis and water-use efficiency (Ollinger et al. 2008). An optimistic perspective is that climate-r ...
CSKT Climate Change Strategic Plan
... with minimum disruption or cost. Generally, systems that have high adaptive capacities are better able to deal with climate change. ...
... with minimum disruption or cost. Generally, systems that have high adaptive capacities are better able to deal with climate change. ...
Novel Approaches to Study Climate Change Effects on Terrestrial
... 1991; Luxmoore and others 1998). Therefore, scenarios for anthropogenic emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases predict an increased global mean surface temperature of 1.4 – 5.8°C (Houghton and others 2001). Along with these changes a more vigorous hydrological cycle is expected to lead to more ...
... 1991; Luxmoore and others 1998). Therefore, scenarios for anthropogenic emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases predict an increased global mean surface temperature of 1.4 – 5.8°C (Houghton and others 2001). Along with these changes a more vigorous hydrological cycle is expected to lead to more ...
This background paper focuses specifically on the relationships
... climate-related shocks). Sen (1999) identifies these inequities in institutional relationships as an outcome of elite capture and political corruption within a society. Abdi, Glover, and Luukkanen (2013) also indicate that political power imbalances reinforce marginalization in the Sahel by leading ...
... climate-related shocks). Sen (1999) identifies these inequities in institutional relationships as an outcome of elite capture and political corruption within a society. Abdi, Glover, and Luukkanen (2013) also indicate that political power imbalances reinforce marginalization in the Sahel by leading ...
simulated hydrologic responses to climate variations and change in
... that global warming in the range from +2 to +5 ◦ C could attend a doubling of greenhouse-gas concentrations and that warming in this range would affect the western United States (e.g., U.S. National Assessment Synthesis Team, 2000). Consequently, the temperature-dependent aspects of the present anal ...
... that global warming in the range from +2 to +5 ◦ C could attend a doubling of greenhouse-gas concentrations and that warming in this range would affect the western United States (e.g., U.S. National Assessment Synthesis Team, 2000). Consequently, the temperature-dependent aspects of the present anal ...
English - Inter-American Development Bank
... Quito, Ecuador; and Bogotá, Colombia—were covered with ice until approximately 12,000 years ago. And many of today’s deserts were once covered by lush forests. In these cases, transformations were due to natural phenomena. But today, climate changes aren’t just coming from natural causes; they are a ...
... Quito, Ecuador; and Bogotá, Colombia—were covered with ice until approximately 12,000 years ago. And many of today’s deserts were once covered by lush forests. In these cases, transformations were due to natural phenomena. But today, climate changes aren’t just coming from natural causes; they are a ...
Cities and Climate Change: Global Report on Human Settlements
... 20 per cent to around 35 per cent during the same period). These changes have been observed in all of the world’s ocean basins.23 Although the relationship between temperature and formation of storm systems is not completely understood, increased temperature does correlate with increased occurrence ...
... 20 per cent to around 35 per cent during the same period). These changes have been observed in all of the world’s ocean basins.23 Although the relationship between temperature and formation of storm systems is not completely understood, increased temperature does correlate with increased occurrence ...
Bronze Age Review - ePrints Soton
... been some major climatic events including severe storms and prolonged serious droughts. Whatever the climatic cause, the wet periods such as the late Bronze Age, must have contained large floods which would have caused localised damage and disrupted everyday life especially along floodplains. There ...
... been some major climatic events including severe storms and prolonged serious droughts. Whatever the climatic cause, the wet periods such as the late Bronze Age, must have contained large floods which would have caused localised damage and disrupted everyday life especially along floodplains. There ...
PDF
... will decrease by more than 10%, average yields will decrease between 5% and 10%, average yields will not increase or decrease by more than 5%, average yields will increase between 5% and 10%, and average yields will increase by more than 10%. An identical response format was used for the question on ...
... will decrease by more than 10%, average yields will decrease between 5% and 10%, average yields will not increase or decrease by more than 5%, average yields will increase between 5% and 10%, and average yields will increase by more than 10%. An identical response format was used for the question on ...
Ecosystem Based Adaptation
... Climate change associated events, together with unsustainable management of ecosystems, increase the vulnerabilities of people and nature by impacting them adversely. These impacts can be environmental (degradation, conversion, effects of increasingly frequent and severe events such as floods and dr ...
... Climate change associated events, together with unsustainable management of ecosystems, increase the vulnerabilities of people and nature by impacting them adversely. These impacts can be environmental (degradation, conversion, effects of increasingly frequent and severe events such as floods and dr ...
Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change in Berlin – AFOK
... the recent past. For the near future, a further increase in the average daily maximum temperatures of about 1.2 °C, for the distant future additional 3.2 °C can be expected. This increase will be particularly striking during autumn and winter. Summers in Berlin will also become warmer. Towards the m ...
... the recent past. For the near future, a further increase in the average daily maximum temperatures of about 1.2 °C, for the distant future additional 3.2 °C can be expected. This increase will be particularly striking during autumn and winter. Summers in Berlin will also become warmer. Towards the m ...
Rethinking Private Land Conservation in the
... habitats. Yet climate change threatens the traditional strategy of protecting critical habitat for focal species in perpetuity. In response to climate change, the distribution of species is already shifting and tightening; sea-level rise, fires, and other climatic effects are destroying existing; po ...
... habitats. Yet climate change threatens the traditional strategy of protecting critical habitat for focal species in perpetuity. In response to climate change, the distribution of species is already shifting and tightening; sea-level rise, fires, and other climatic effects are destroying existing; po ...
Micro-level Practices to Adapt to Climate Change for African Small
... Huntingford et al. (2005) assume the number of extremely dry and wet years in the Sahel region will increase. The amount of arid and semiarid land in Africa is expected to increase by 5% to 8% by the 2080s. Changes in temperature, rainfall, and variability, and extension of drought periods in some r ...
... Huntingford et al. (2005) assume the number of extremely dry and wet years in the Sahel region will increase. The amount of arid and semiarid land in Africa is expected to increase by 5% to 8% by the 2080s. Changes in temperature, rainfall, and variability, and extension of drought periods in some r ...
... carbon dioxide (CO2 ), LCC affects the climate system on multi-decadal time scales and longer. In a recent globalscale modelling study, Avila et al . (2012) demonstrated that impacts of LCC on indices of temperature extreme were equal to the impacts of doubling of CO2 . In some regions, impacts were ...
Lake Superior Climate Adaptation, Mitigation and Implementation Plan
... degrees in only 30 years, a fact that astonished the scientists who studied it.1 Air temperatures have also risen and if these trends continue, Michigan could have a summer climate similar to Missouri and Arkansas by the end of the century (Fig. 1).2 The resulting changes will have significant conse ...
... degrees in only 30 years, a fact that astonished the scientists who studied it.1 Air temperatures have also risen and if these trends continue, Michigan could have a summer climate similar to Missouri and Arkansas by the end of the century (Fig. 1).2 The resulting changes will have significant conse ...
Climate change and timing of avian breeding and migration
... if it relied on an evolutionary adaptation alone. This example illustrates the main ‘advantage’ of individual plasticity compared to adaptive evolution to track climate change effects: plasticity ‘allows’ more rapid changes, as well as tracking of annual fluctuations in the environment. However, for ...
... if it relied on an evolutionary adaptation alone. This example illustrates the main ‘advantage’ of individual plasticity compared to adaptive evolution to track climate change effects: plasticity ‘allows’ more rapid changes, as well as tracking of annual fluctuations in the environment. However, for ...
Assessing the impact of climate change on ecosystem services in
... consideration for this purpose. In spatial terms, data underlying the relevant ERCs have been drawn from detailed GIS layers for the SEQ region. With all information available, either in raw form or generated by expert judgment, it has been possible to produce maps for each ecosystem function in SEQ ...
... consideration for this purpose. In spatial terms, data underlying the relevant ERCs have been drawn from detailed GIS layers for the SEQ region. With all information available, either in raw form or generated by expert judgment, it has been possible to produce maps for each ecosystem function in SEQ ...
Author's personal copy On the use
... The 2007 United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report stated that climate warming is ‘unequivocal’ (Solomon et al., 2007). There are two broad responses to the issue of climate change; mitigation (reducing greenhouse gas emissions) and adaptation (anticipating and adjustin ...
... The 2007 United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report stated that climate warming is ‘unequivocal’ (Solomon et al., 2007). There are two broad responses to the issue of climate change; mitigation (reducing greenhouse gas emissions) and adaptation (anticipating and adjustin ...
Chapter 7 Physical Environment
... Evidence of temperature increases • Temperature record (Figure 7.9) – Problems with record • Although the number of recording station may be large, their geographic distribution is not truly global. • Some stations may have experienced substantial warming due to changes in land use and population d ...
... Evidence of temperature increases • Temperature record (Figure 7.9) – Problems with record • Although the number of recording station may be large, their geographic distribution is not truly global. • Some stations may have experienced substantial warming due to changes in land use and population d ...
George N. Somero教授简历
... 讲座摘要 Physiological Study of Climate Change: Can we Predict “Winners” and “Losers”? George N. Somero, Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University Changes in body temperature affect all aspects of an organism’s physiology (function) including metabolic rate, ability to obtain oxygen, and capacities ...
... 讲座摘要 Physiological Study of Climate Change: Can we Predict “Winners” and “Losers”? George N. Somero, Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University Changes in body temperature affect all aspects of an organism’s physiology (function) including metabolic rate, ability to obtain oxygen, and capacities ...
Indicators of Canada`s Changing Climate
... are determined to a great extent by climate. So is the amount of water in a river or the height of a shoreline. Likewise, our health and safety, our comfort and mobility, our food supply, and our access to water all depend in one way or another on climate, as do many other things we need or value. W ...
... are determined to a great extent by climate. So is the amount of water in a river or the height of a shoreline. Likewise, our health and safety, our comfort and mobility, our food supply, and our access to water all depend in one way or another on climate, as do many other things we need or value. W ...
Final Tanzania Report - Economics of Climate Change in Tanzania
... of ecosystems including aquatic (ie. freshwater wetlands, coastal and marine) and terrestrial (ie. forests, savannah, drylands or deserts, and mountains), many of which are transboundary like the Lake Tanganyika ecosystem, which is shared between four countries, or share transboundary migratory spec ...
... of ecosystems including aquatic (ie. freshwater wetlands, coastal and marine) and terrestrial (ie. forests, savannah, drylands or deserts, and mountains), many of which are transboundary like the Lake Tanganyika ecosystem, which is shared between four countries, or share transboundary migratory spec ...