Astronomy Assignment #1
... Local Super cluster would have a radius of 20 meters and the visible universe would have a radius of about 5.5 km. This last answer is worth discussing briefly. If the Milky Way galaxy were a nickel, then the distance to the edge of the visible universe would be from downtown Syracuse to Liverpool, ...
... Local Super cluster would have a radius of 20 meters and the visible universe would have a radius of about 5.5 km. This last answer is worth discussing briefly. If the Milky Way galaxy were a nickel, then the distance to the edge of the visible universe would be from downtown Syracuse to Liverpool, ...
Curriculum Development Unit Overview DRAFT Planning For Each
... HS-ESS1-1. Develop a model based on evidence to illustrate the life span of the sun and the role of nuclear fusion in the sun’s core to release energy that eventually reaches Earth in the form of radiation. HS-ESS1-2. Construct an explanation of the Big Bang theory based on astronomical evidence of ...
... HS-ESS1-1. Develop a model based on evidence to illustrate the life span of the sun and the role of nuclear fusion in the sun’s core to release energy that eventually reaches Earth in the form of radiation. HS-ESS1-2. Construct an explanation of the Big Bang theory based on astronomical evidence of ...
color-stellar mass diagram
... more recent studies based on 39,000 galaxies from surveys DEEP2 and COMBO-17 (Faber et al 2007) have provided evidence also for evolution of the LF of red galaxies, with a decrease of MB* and an increase of φ* (parameters of the Schechter LF) ...
... more recent studies based on 39,000 galaxies from surveys DEEP2 and COMBO-17 (Faber et al 2007) have provided evidence also for evolution of the LF of red galaxies, with a decrease of MB* and an increase of φ* (parameters of the Schechter LF) ...
Answer to question 1 - Northwestern University
... • We start with small distances we can effectively measure with a ruler. • Next step in the design is to figure out that the “parallax” can tell us distances. • Parallax is the effect of noting you can discern the distance to an object if you can measure how much it appears to move around as you do. ...
... • We start with small distances we can effectively measure with a ruler. • Next step in the design is to figure out that the “parallax” can tell us distances. • Parallax is the effect of noting you can discern the distance to an object if you can measure how much it appears to move around as you do. ...
AST1100 Lecture Notes
... by the Sun, not the planets. The total mass of the planets only make up about one part in 1000 of the total mass of the solar system. If this is the normal ratio, and we have no reason to believe otherwise, then the planets can only explain a tiny part of the invisible matter. Brown dwarf stars (mor ...
... by the Sun, not the planets. The total mass of the planets only make up about one part in 1000 of the total mass of the solar system. If this is the normal ratio, and we have no reason to believe otherwise, then the planets can only explain a tiny part of the invisible matter. Brown dwarf stars (mor ...
Exploring the Stars in Orion – Light Year Madness!
... the Orion is the most widely recognized of all the 89 constellations in the sky. It is also one of the oldest known to humans. The Ancient Egyptians called it Osiris as long ago as 2000 BC! The brilliant stars that make up this rectangular star pattern seem to be close-by because they are so bright, ...
... the Orion is the most widely recognized of all the 89 constellations in the sky. It is also one of the oldest known to humans. The Ancient Egyptians called it Osiris as long ago as 2000 BC! The brilliant stars that make up this rectangular star pattern seem to be close-by because they are so bright, ...
nasafinal - University of Oregon
... redshift (i.e. when they were young). In principle, these XUV structures are suggesting that galaxies can’t be as big as we think they are, when we observe them at high redshift. ...
... redshift (i.e. when they were young). In principle, these XUV structures are suggesting that galaxies can’t be as big as we think they are, when we observe them at high redshift. ...
Measuring the distance to Galaxies
... variables can be determined by parallax (a method you will learn in this course) The inverse square law and the periodluminosity relationship of Henrietta Leavitt enables the distance of all observable Cepheid variables to be determined ...
... variables can be determined by parallax (a method you will learn in this course) The inverse square law and the periodluminosity relationship of Henrietta Leavitt enables the distance of all observable Cepheid variables to be determined ...
Star - Uplift Education
... sometime during the early history of the Universe, long before any star, Universe was at a sufficiently high temperature to produce helium by fusion. In this process many high energy photons would be produced. The CMB (Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation) radiation was emitted only a few hundred t ...
... sometime during the early history of the Universe, long before any star, Universe was at a sufficiently high temperature to produce helium by fusion. In this process many high energy photons would be produced. The CMB (Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation) radiation was emitted only a few hundred t ...
22DistanceMotion
... Recap • Distances in astronomy – Measuring distances directly with light travel time – Measuring distances geometrically with parallax – Measuring distances using brightnesses ...
... Recap • Distances in astronomy – Measuring distances directly with light travel time – Measuring distances geometrically with parallax – Measuring distances using brightnesses ...
The extragalactic universe and distance measurements
... – [They were wrong! The M31 event was actually a supernova and was much more powerful than they assumed.] ...
... – [They were wrong! The M31 event was actually a supernova and was much more powerful than they assumed.] ...
HST Key Project to Measure the Hubble Constant from
... Hubble diagram of distance vs. velocity for secondary distance indicators calibrated by CVs. Velocities are corrected for the nearby flow model of Mould et al. (2000). A slope of H0=72 is shown, flanked by +-10% lines. Beyond 5000 km s-1 (vertical line), both numerical simulations and observations ...
... Hubble diagram of distance vs. velocity for secondary distance indicators calibrated by CVs. Velocities are corrected for the nearby flow model of Mould et al. (2000). A slope of H0=72 is shown, flanked by +-10% lines. Beyond 5000 km s-1 (vertical line), both numerical simulations and observations ...
globular cluster - Harding University
... distances to a number of these galaxies using Cepheid variable stars and noticed a correlation between the distance to the galaxies and the observed red–shift of the spectrum. He found that the farther away a galaxy was, the greater the red-shift. ...
... distances to a number of these galaxies using Cepheid variable stars and noticed a correlation between the distance to the galaxies and the observed red–shift of the spectrum. He found that the farther away a galaxy was, the greater the red-shift. ...
space - Net Start Class
... wireless networking. Radio waves are used to explore space, such as with radio telescopes. Key Concept 3: Microwaves have shorter wavelengths and more energy than radio waves. Recently, scientists have discovered background microwave radiation left over from the early formation of the universe. This ...
... wireless networking. Radio waves are used to explore space, such as with radio telescopes. Key Concept 3: Microwaves have shorter wavelengths and more energy than radio waves. Recently, scientists have discovered background microwave radiation left over from the early formation of the universe. This ...
Design and the Anthropic Principle
... narrow. 7. The expansion rate of the universe determines what kinds of stars, if any, form in the universe. If the rate of expansion were slightly less, the whole universe would have recollapsed before any solar-type stars could have settled into a stable burning phase. If the universe were expandin ...
... narrow. 7. The expansion rate of the universe determines what kinds of stars, if any, form in the universe. If the rate of expansion were slightly less, the whole universe would have recollapsed before any solar-type stars could have settled into a stable burning phase. If the universe were expandin ...
Weaknesses in Gravity and Cosmology Theories-19-06-11
... Let us see if there are alternatives. The Michelson and Morley experiment gave a status quo result. Strictly speaking, that means that the velocity of the aether is zero to the Earth and that no theory at all can be found through the experiment. There was an excellent reason to maintain the hypothes ...
... Let us see if there are alternatives. The Michelson and Morley experiment gave a status quo result. Strictly speaking, that means that the velocity of the aether is zero to the Earth and that no theory at all can be found through the experiment. There was an excellent reason to maintain the hypothes ...
The phenomena of astrophysical masers are not new by any means
... A maser is caused by the stimulated emission of particles from a higher energy level to a lower. In a conventional hydrogen maser, the hydrogen gas is heated causing the particles to become excited. The excited gas is then transferred into a resonant cavity, where the excited particles begin to emit ...
... A maser is caused by the stimulated emission of particles from a higher energy level to a lower. In a conventional hydrogen maser, the hydrogen gas is heated causing the particles to become excited. The excited gas is then transferred into a resonant cavity, where the excited particles begin to emit ...
Weaknesses in Gravity and Cosmology Theories-19-06-11
... Let us see if there are alternatives. The Michelson and Morley experiment gave a status quo result. Strictly speaking, that means that the velocity of the aether is zero to the Earth and that no theory at all can be found through the experiment. There was an excellent reason to maintain the hypothes ...
... Let us see if there are alternatives. The Michelson and Morley experiment gave a status quo result. Strictly speaking, that means that the velocity of the aether is zero to the Earth and that no theory at all can be found through the experiment. There was an excellent reason to maintain the hypothes ...
How Far To That Star?
... to find the distance to more distant stars and even other galaxies It uses the Inverse Square Law. ...
... to find the distance to more distant stars and even other galaxies It uses the Inverse Square Law. ...
Word version of Episode 701
... Temperature, relative speed to Earth, rate of spin, orbital speed (and hence mass), and what they are made from can all be deduced by analysis of their electromagnetic radiation. Knowing what stars ‘are’, that those twinkling pin points of light have a structure, and that our Sun is made of the same ...
... Temperature, relative speed to Earth, rate of spin, orbital speed (and hence mass), and what they are made from can all be deduced by analysis of their electromagnetic radiation. Knowing what stars ‘are’, that those twinkling pin points of light have a structure, and that our Sun is made of the same ...
Observing stars - Teaching Advanced Physics
... Temperature, relative speed to Earth, rate of spin, orbital speed (and hence mass), and what they are made from can all be deduced by analysis of their electromagnetic radiation. Knowing what stars ‘are’, that those twinkling pin points of light have a structure, and that our Sun is made of the same ...
... Temperature, relative speed to Earth, rate of spin, orbital speed (and hence mass), and what they are made from can all be deduced by analysis of their electromagnetic radiation. Knowing what stars ‘are’, that those twinkling pin points of light have a structure, and that our Sun is made of the same ...
Galaxies - SD43 Teacher Sites
... Despite the immense number of galaxies, most can be classified according to one of three basic shapes: spiral, elliptical, and irregular. • A spiral galaxy, when viewed from above, looks like a pinwheel, with many long “arms” spiralling out from a centre core (Figure 10.11). Viewed from along its ed ...
... Despite the immense number of galaxies, most can be classified according to one of three basic shapes: spiral, elliptical, and irregular. • A spiral galaxy, when viewed from above, looks like a pinwheel, with many long “arms” spiralling out from a centre core (Figure 10.11). Viewed from along its ed ...
Galaxies - science9atsouthcarletonhs
... Galaxy Clusters • Most galaxies are not alone in the vast expanse of space, but are connected to one or more other galaxies by gravity • These collections of galaxies are known as galaxy clusters and they too appear to be organized into larger “superclusters” ...
... Galaxy Clusters • Most galaxies are not alone in the vast expanse of space, but are connected to one or more other galaxies by gravity • These collections of galaxies are known as galaxy clusters and they too appear to be organized into larger “superclusters” ...
Galaxies – Island universes
... S0’s: Bulge + disk, but the disk is faint and has no spiral arms or star formation going on. Spirals: Bulge + disk. Disk has spiral arms and is where the new star formation is happening. Barred Spirals: Same, but additionally have a straight “bar” of stars centered on the center of the galaxy. Milky ...
... S0’s: Bulge + disk, but the disk is faint and has no spiral arms or star formation going on. Spirals: Bulge + disk. Disk has spiral arms and is where the new star formation is happening. Barred Spirals: Same, but additionally have a straight “bar” of stars centered on the center of the galaxy. Milky ...
Observable universe
The observable universe consists of the galaxies and other matter that can, in principle, be observed from Earth at the present time because light and other signals from these objects has had time to reach the Earth since the beginning of the cosmological expansion. Assuming the universe is isotropic, the distance to the edge of the observable universe is roughly the same in every direction. That is, the observable universe is a spherical volume (a ball) centered on the observer. Every location in the Universe has its own observable universe, which may or may not overlap with the one centered on Earth.The word observable used in this sense does not depend on whether modern technology actually permits detection of radiation from an object in this region (or indeed on whether there is any radiation to detect). It simply indicates that it is possible in principle for light or other signals from the object to reach an observer on Earth. In practice, we can see light only from as far back as the time of photon decoupling in the recombination epoch. That is when particles were first able to emit photons that were not quickly re-absorbed by other particles. Before then, the Universe was filled with a plasma that was opaque to photons.The surface of last scattering is the collection of points in space at the exact distance that photons from the time of photon decoupling just reach us today. These are the photons we detect today as cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR). However, with future technology, it may be possible to observe the still older relic neutrino background, or even more distant events via gravitational waves (which also should move at the speed of light). Sometimes astrophysicists distinguish between the visible universe, which includes only signals emitted since recombination—and the observable universe, which includes signals since the beginning of the cosmological expansion (the Big Bang in traditional cosmology, the end of the inflationary epoch in modern cosmology). According to calculations, the comoving distance (current proper distance) to particles from the CMBR, which represent the radius of the visible universe, is about 14.0 billion parsecs (about 45.7 billion light years), while the comoving distance to the edge of the observable universe is about 14.3 billion parsecs (about 46.6 billion light years), about 2% larger.The best estimate of the age of the universe as of 2015 is 7010137990000000000♠13.799±0.021 billion years but due to the expansion of space humans are observing objects that were originally much closer but are now considerably farther away (as defined in terms of cosmological proper distance, which is equal to the comoving distance at the present time) than a static 13.8 billion light-years distance. It is estimated that the diameter of the observable universe is about 28 gigaparsecs (91 billion light-years, 8.8×1026 metres or 5.5×1023 miles), putting the edge of the observable universe at about 46–47 billion light-years away.