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Mende Grammar Essentials
Mende Grammar Essentials

... Universals (Universal of Language 2nd ed.) it seems that the Mende language agrees rather well to Greenberg's universals. The following universals correspond with the Mende language. U1. In declarative sentences with nominal subject and object, the dominant order is almost always one in which the su ...
Meeting 3 Noun Phrase & Constituents
Meeting 3 Noun Phrase & Constituents

... sentences. There’s a closer link between some words than there is with others. Words combine to form phrases and phrases combine with other words to form bigger phrases. ...
Semantic packaging in verb‑based compounds in English and
Semantic packaging in verb‑based compounds in English and

... recognize compounding as an extremely productive word­‑formation pro‑ cess in Modern English and a more restricted one in Modern Bulgarian, we contend that there are sufficient grounds for analytical dissociation between compounding as a process2 and compounds as a special type of lexical items. Our ...
Argument Structure and verbal semantic class
Argument Structure and verbal semantic class

... This manual presents the guidelines for the annotation of argument structure of verbal predicates and their semantic class of the Spanish and Catalan AnCora 2.0 corpora. The semantic annotation of verbal predicates implies the systematic mapping between syntax and semantics, basically expressed in t ...
Cheyenne Pronouns and Pronominal Functions
Cheyenne Pronouns and Pronominal Functions

... The major sections of this paper are a brief overview of Cheyenne, next, a sketch of all Cheyenne phenomena which have a pronominal function, including a more detailed examination of the independent pronouns, followed by a focus upon demonstratives which can function like anaphoric pronouns. ...
defining relative clause
defining relative clause

... emphasize what we want to say by introducing it or building up to it with a kind of relative clause. Because there are two parts to the sentence it is called cleft(from the verb cleave) which means divided into two. Cleft sentences are particularly useful in writing where we cannot use intonation fo ...
Wh Constructions * 1. Introduction
Wh Constructions * 1. Introduction

... parsing Japanese advocated by Pritchett (1991, 1992) assumes the existence of pre-verbal gaps, but also assumes that structure-building is delayed until the verb is processed. Alternatively, the fronted w h -phrase may be associated with the embedded clause before the embedded verb is processed. Th ...
Towards the Automatic Mining of Similes in Literary Texts
Towards the Automatic Mining of Similes in Literary Texts

... simile components. It is, therefore, not surprising that dependency parsing had been previously used for this purpose (Niculae & Danescu-Niculescu-Mizil, 2014). We choose, however, to rely on syntactic chunking because our approach is mainly phrase-based and syntactic chunking tends to be more relia ...
Document
Document

... • Tuesday: Identify sentence parts including complete subject, simple subject, complete predicate, verb (transitive or intransitive), direct object, indirect object, predicate nominative, predicate adjective, appositive or appositive phrase, prepositional phrase (adjective or adverb), gerund phrase, ...
Grammar for Trainee Teachers by Colette Godkin for ATC Language
Grammar for Trainee Teachers by Colette Godkin for ATC Language

... grammar rules. In addition, these are the terms which English learners will see in textbooks and which they may already have learnt in school; so, it's important that everyone in the classroom is speaking the same (grammatical) language. However, when using these terms with learners, we need to make ...
identify clauses and sentence type
identify clauses and sentence type

... • Tuesday: Identify sentence parts including complete subject, simple subject, complete predicate, verb (transitive or intransitive), direct object, indirect object, predicate nominative, predicate adjective, appositive or appositive phrase, prepositional phrase (adjective or adverb), gerund phrase, ...
Chapter 6 Syntax: Words in Combination
Chapter 6 Syntax: Words in Combination

... thinking about some seeming counter-examples to this claim, like the English sentence Eat it up! However, up in this sentence is actually not a preposition but a verb particle. For more on this, see Textbox 6.5.) Again, this is also true in Mandarin Chinese; cóng táiběi means ‘from Taipei’; the reve ...
2014-2015 LCHS French 2 Syllabus
2014-2015 LCHS French 2 Syllabus

... Writing: Students will demonstrate good writing habits, write statements and formulate questions which will demonstrate comprehension of the present, past, and near future; vary Mme Olsen's 2014 French 2 Syllabus - LCHS ...
View/Open - Queen Mary University of London
View/Open - Queen Mary University of London

... softable or redance, which violate either lexical category or argument structure restrictions on affixation. Such restrictions can be very easily described in terms of rules or constraints on affixation: “-able can only attach to a verb stem”, “rerequires a verbal stem with an internal argument”, et ...
The lexical category auxiliary in Sinhala
The lexical category auxiliary in Sinhala

... Hopper & Traugott 1993) and a definition of auxiliary that presupposes some assumptions of that theory. While it will be argued that grammaticization theory provides a fertile ground for an analysis of the Sinhala data, it needs to be pointed out that by the same token, the theory is subject to modi ...
The Layered Structure of Syntactic VV Compounds in
The Layered Structure of Syntactic VV Compounds in

... syntactically (e.g. Shibatani 1973, 1978, Kageyama 1993, Koizumi 1999, Kishimoto 2009, Fukuda 2012). The exact analyses differ from one proposal to another, but the consensus about their syntactic structures is that the first verb (i.e. the main verb) is embedded under the second verb. Nevertheless, ...
Chapter 4. THE NOUN AND NOUN PHRASE
Chapter 4. THE NOUN AND NOUN PHRASE

... In the first example, the simple noun + stem2 verb form does not specify the nature of the biter. mîi specifies that it was a person, while pàa and nùu further specify the gender. These gender markers, which are underlyingly /L/, are realized HL because of the genitive H tone (§). For more examples ...
Semantic constraints on lexical categories
Semantic constraints on lexical categories

... fairly specific scenario, or situation model (Kintsch, 1986) associated with a piece of text containing an unknown word. The learner's task is then to discern which parts of this scenario are likely to be associated with the word's meaning. At this point, we believe linguistic knowledge comes into p ...
Basic Punctuation Help Tips
Basic Punctuation Help Tips

... Adjectives are words that describe nouns. Examples: big, small, beautiful, red, difficult, old and young. Adjectives are often used to make sentences more interesting. Example: 1. The horse galloped through the countryside. 2. The shiny, back horse galloped through the beautiful countryside. In the ...
7116 Sentence Building Int.
7116 Sentence Building Int.

... Rods together to generate print and experience reading success. This book is filled with Reading Rod activity ideas to help guide readers through a variety of meaningful exercises and activities. As they engage in these Reading Rod experiences, students will begin to develop reading and writing skil ...
Adverbs and adverbial phrases
Adverbs and adverbial phrases

... (1f) the speaker's attitude about the way all that rain came down: most likely in a rather violent manner, whereas in (1g) the speaker observes, maybe having seen clouds over the city from a distance, that possibly a great rainstorm raged over the city. ...
Complete ACT Grammar and Punctuation Rules
Complete ACT Grammar and Punctuation Rules

... Correct: Hiking, skiing, and white-water rafting have always been some of my favorite activities. Correct: Hiking, skiing and white-water rafting have always been some of my favorite activities. 5. To separate adjectives whose order could be reversed Correct: The groaning, rumbling train finally pul ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... The INDICATIVE is used after verbs and expressions of CERTAINTY or BELIEF. The SUBJUNCTIVE is used after verbs and expressions of DOUBT and UNCERTAINTY. Verbs like croire, penser, être sûr, être certain, and expressions like il est sûr, il est certain, are used to convey belief, knowledge, or convic ...
Mixed Categories and Argument Transfer in the Korean
Mixed Categories and Argument Transfer in the Korean

... or stacked on a postposition, as in (2) above. Sentence (4) is ungrammatical because dependents of the head noun are marked with verbal cases. ...
Revised 08-27-08 Sentence variety exercise 1 Coordinating
Revised 08-27-08 Sentence variety exercise 1 Coordinating

... Most commonly, using the coordinating conjunctions to join an independent clause to another independent clause or to a dependent clause helps create more complex sentences. However, remember one basic rule about punctuation: When a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS) joins two independent clauses, al ...
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Japanese grammar

Japanese grammar refers to word order and inflection characteristic of the Japanese language. The language has a regular agglutinative verb morphology, with both productive and fixed elements. In language typology, it has many features divergent from most European languages. Its phrases are exclusively head-final and compound sentences are exclusively left-branching. There are many such languages, but few in Europe. It is a topic-prominent language.
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