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... The recovery of the Hong Kong economy is expected to continue in 2003. External trade is likely to remain the driving force behind GDP growth this year, while domestic demand is expected to bottom out. Hong Kong’s exports of goods and services should continue to benefit from the buoyant trade perfor ...
... The recovery of the Hong Kong economy is expected to continue in 2003. External trade is likely to remain the driving force behind GDP growth this year, while domestic demand is expected to bottom out. Hong Kong’s exports of goods and services should continue to benefit from the buoyant trade perfor ...
The Economy of Azerbaijan in 2015
... power-China encountered a lower long-term economic growth rate with a fall in exports, and thereby adversely affecting global economic activity. Moreover, the rapid decline of prices in global fuel markets, owing to fundamental and political reasons, resulted in an economic downturn in countries rel ...
... power-China encountered a lower long-term economic growth rate with a fall in exports, and thereby adversely affecting global economic activity. Moreover, the rapid decline of prices in global fuel markets, owing to fundamental and political reasons, resulted in an economic downturn in countries rel ...
The Political Economy of Public Debt in Brazil
... concerning overall macroeconomic stability in the period and public indebtedness. In Section V we discuss public debt dynamics in which we decompose its variation among the variation of its main components and causes, such as primary deficit, real GDP growth, interest rate, etc. After presenting the ...
... concerning overall macroeconomic stability in the period and public indebtedness. In Section V we discuss public debt dynamics in which we decompose its variation among the variation of its main components and causes, such as primary deficit, real GDP growth, interest rate, etc. After presenting the ...
Official” 17 Key Economic Indicators
... Read Them Correctly For Huge Profits One of the major reasons you will see large swings on market opens is because a major economic report has been released. Below is a list of the major reports with a brief explanation of each, and the reasons for the market's response. Keep in mind that, historica ...
... Read Them Correctly For Huge Profits One of the major reasons you will see large swings on market opens is because a major economic report has been released. Below is a list of the major reports with a brief explanation of each, and the reasons for the market's response. Keep in mind that, historica ...
Table 5 - Rutgers Economics
... billion French francs is the sum of the real value of the payments.5 The base year for comparing the indemnity to GDP and tax revenues is 1939, a year of relatively high employment; its use reduces the burden compared to the war years when national income was lower. Favorable conditions, a long-term ...
... billion French francs is the sum of the real value of the payments.5 The base year for comparing the indemnity to GDP and tax revenues is 1939, a year of relatively high employment; its use reduces the burden compared to the war years when national income was lower. Favorable conditions, a long-term ...
Wider Development Conference on Debt Relief
... aspects to changes affecting the personal conditions of people. Changes take time, all the more so when dealing with structural change in the economic composition of output/exports, and in the habits and norms which regulate consumption and saving patterns. Thus we are dealing with a long-run proces ...
... aspects to changes affecting the personal conditions of people. Changes take time, all the more so when dealing with structural change in the economic composition of output/exports, and in the habits and norms which regulate consumption and saving patterns. Thus we are dealing with a long-run proces ...
THE IMPLICATIONS OF SELECT GLOBAL
... collided. However, we don’t really know what the Tainos thought about the Spaniards, since they were extinguished iii just one or two generations after this first contact, decimated by the harsh treatment of the Spaniards and the diseases they brought with them. It is difficult to know how many peop ...
... collided. However, we don’t really know what the Tainos thought about the Spaniards, since they were extinguished iii just one or two generations after this first contact, decimated by the harsh treatment of the Spaniards and the diseases they brought with them. It is difficult to know how many peop ...
Comparisons of OECD Debt
... And none of these led to default. 3 In more recent times, Japan has been living with a public debt ratio of over 150% without any adverse effect on its cost. So it is possible that investors will continue to put strong faith in industrial countries’ ability to repay, and that worries about excessive ...
... And none of these led to default. 3 In more recent times, Japan has been living with a public debt ratio of over 150% without any adverse effect on its cost. So it is possible that investors will continue to put strong faith in industrial countries’ ability to repay, and that worries about excessive ...
MOOSPEAK-- thru 10.11.2015
... sense that monetary policy won’t get the job done alone. We need a government that not only provides progrowth fiscal policies, but one that reverses the severely anti-growth agenda of the last six years. Unfortunately, that is at least eighteen months away. Until then, central bank financial engine ...
... sense that monetary policy won’t get the job done alone. We need a government that not only provides progrowth fiscal policies, but one that reverses the severely anti-growth agenda of the last six years. Unfortunately, that is at least eighteen months away. Until then, central bank financial engine ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES ON THE FUNDAMENTALS OF SELF-FULFILLING Craig Burnside Martin Eichenbaum
... We are grateful to Kellogg's Banking Research Center for financial support. This project was started while Burnside was a National Fellow at the Hoover Institution which he thanks for its support. The opinions in this paper are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Federal Reserve Ba ...
... We are grateful to Kellogg's Banking Research Center for financial support. This project was started while Burnside was a National Fellow at the Hoover Institution which he thanks for its support. The opinions in this paper are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Federal Reserve Ba ...
GLOBALIZATION OF CAPITAL MOVEMENTS: POTENTIAL
... It is well known that countries opening up their economies to capital movements as the result of liberalization processes can benefit from these movements. The most striking advantage in this respect is that globalization enables capital to move from the developed countries, in which the return on c ...
... It is well known that countries opening up their economies to capital movements as the result of liberalization processes can benefit from these movements. The most striking advantage in this respect is that globalization enables capital to move from the developed countries, in which the return on c ...
Municipal Act, 2001 - O. Reg. 247/01
... 3. (1) A municipality shall not issue a debenture with a variable interest rate if the total amount of principal to be financed under the debenture plus the total outstanding principal of all other variable interest rate bank loans and variable interest rate debentures of the municipality would exce ...
... 3. (1) A municipality shall not issue a debenture with a variable interest rate if the total amount of principal to be financed under the debenture plus the total outstanding principal of all other variable interest rate bank loans and variable interest rate debentures of the municipality would exce ...
BDI-P01-01-04-(P)-JAR.qxd
... generating a surplus of US dollars 40 million. In contrast, the first three quarters had recorded deficits of US dollars 40.3 million, US dollars 182.9 million and US dollars 22.2 million, respectively. The increased foreign inflows to the government and the private sector, particularly during the l ...
... generating a surplus of US dollars 40 million. In contrast, the first three quarters had recorded deficits of US dollars 40.3 million, US dollars 182.9 million and US dollars 22.2 million, respectively. The increased foreign inflows to the government and the private sector, particularly during the l ...
Defying Gravity: Can Japanese sovereign debt continue to increase
... However, it soon came back down to a low level. Even occasional downgrades by credit rating companies in the last thirteen years did not bring down Japanese bond prices. Most recently, the ongoing sovereign debt crisis in Europe has not rattled the JGB yields. If anything, the turmoil in the US and ...
... However, it soon came back down to a low level. Even occasional downgrades by credit rating companies in the last thirteen years did not bring down Japanese bond prices. Most recently, the ongoing sovereign debt crisis in Europe has not rattled the JGB yields. If anything, the turmoil in the US and ...
ECONOMIC GROWTH - The Bleyzer Foundation
... companies in the energy sector. At end of May 2004, the cumulative amount of total foreign direct investment in Romania exceeded $11.2 billion. ...
... companies in the energy sector. At end of May 2004, the cumulative amount of total foreign direct investment in Romania exceeded $11.2 billion. ...
Mexico_Central_America_en.pdf
... of GDP to 2.1%. In contrast to previous years, when a significant portion of the fiscal deficit was financed by issuing bonds on international capital markets, borrowing requirements in 2005 were covered by placing debt on the local market. Current income rose from 13.6% of GDP to 13.8%, with receip ...
... of GDP to 2.1%. In contrast to previous years, when a significant portion of the fiscal deficit was financed by issuing bonds on international capital markets, borrowing requirements in 2005 were covered by placing debt on the local market. Current income rose from 13.6% of GDP to 13.8%, with receip ...
The Puzzle of Persistently Negative Interest Rate
... The differential between the average interest rate paid on government debt and the growth rate of the economy (the interest rate-growth differential, henceforth IRGD for short) is a key parameter in assessing the sustainability of government debt.2 This is founded in the logic of debt dynamics: the ...
... The differential between the average interest rate paid on government debt and the growth rate of the economy (the interest rate-growth differential, henceforth IRGD for short) is a key parameter in assessing the sustainability of government debt.2 This is founded in the logic of debt dynamics: the ...
The Trade Deficit: The Biggest Obstacle to Full Employment
... population than stock wealth. At the peak of the housing bubble, the value of residential real estate in the United States was more than $23 trillion,4 $8 trillion above its trend value. A wealth effect of 5-7 cents on the dollar would imply a rise in annual consumption (i.e., a decline in saving) o ...
... population than stock wealth. At the peak of the housing bubble, the value of residential real estate in the United States was more than $23 trillion,4 $8 trillion above its trend value. A wealth effect of 5-7 cents on the dollar would imply a rise in annual consumption (i.e., a decline in saving) o ...
Inflation Risk Management in Project Finance
... not affect equity value. Since duration declines across time – as debt approaches its maturity – exposure to risk peaks when debt sours, typically at the end of the construction phase, and then slowly starts declining. The international cost of capital issue may conveniently be generalized within an ...
... not affect equity value. Since duration declines across time – as debt approaches its maturity – exposure to risk peaks when debt sours, typically at the end of the construction phase, and then slowly starts declining. The international cost of capital issue may conveniently be generalized within an ...
slides - Seán M Muller
... Given fiscal constraints over the next two years, capitalisation will only be funded by the sale of non-strategic state assets, and will not be drawn from tax revenue or added to the debt of national government. Government policy remains that state-owned companies should operate on the strength of t ...
... Given fiscal constraints over the next two years, capitalisation will only be funded by the sale of non-strategic state assets, and will not be drawn from tax revenue or added to the debt of national government. Government policy remains that state-owned companies should operate on the strength of t ...
Input to SCAP planning - Parliamentary Monitoring Group
... Given fiscal constraints over the next two years, capitalisation will only be funded by the sale of non-strategic state assets, and will not be drawn from tax revenue or added to the debt of national government. Government policy remains that state-owned companies should operate on the strength of t ...
... Given fiscal constraints over the next two years, capitalisation will only be funded by the sale of non-strategic state assets, and will not be drawn from tax revenue or added to the debt of national government. Government policy remains that state-owned companies should operate on the strength of t ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES DEFYING GRAVITY: Takeo Hoshi
... Indeed most of Japanese government debt is held by Japanese residents. Table 2 shows the distribution of JGB ownership by type of investor from 2005 to 2010. Looking at the column for 2010, the largest share of 39% is owned by Japanese commercial banks, including the Japan Post Bank. The insurance c ...
... Indeed most of Japanese government debt is held by Japanese residents. Table 2 shows the distribution of JGB ownership by type of investor from 2005 to 2010. Looking at the column for 2010, the largest share of 39% is owned by Japanese commercial banks, including the Japan Post Bank. The insurance c ...
How Likely is Hyperinflation in the US? Part One
... Michael K. Salemi, economics professor at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, high debt, rising interest rates and monetization caused the Latin American high inflation of the 1980's. By some measures, Iran may have begun experiencing hyperinflation by October of 2012, when at least one sou ...
... Michael K. Salemi, economics professor at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, high debt, rising interest rates and monetization caused the Latin American high inflation of the 1980's. By some measures, Iran may have begun experiencing hyperinflation by October of 2012, when at least one sou ...
Government Bonds in Domestic and Foreign Currency
... considerations discussed elsewhere, we believe that the distinction between the places of issuance is not that informative. With respect to the sample under study, we concentrate on a sample of countries for which the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) collected data, and which have actively i ...
... considerations discussed elsewhere, we believe that the distinction between the places of issuance is not that informative. With respect to the sample under study, we concentrate on a sample of countries for which the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) collected data, and which have actively i ...
Political and Institutional Determinants of Tax-Exempt Bond Yields
... government borrowers find themselves paying more ‘interest’ on their borrowed funds, increasing their existing debt service burden, and thus making it more likely, from the perspective of solvency, and not just abstract probability, that they will default on their debt payments, vis a vis a situatio ...
... government borrowers find themselves paying more ‘interest’ on their borrowed funds, increasing their existing debt service burden, and thus making it more likely, from the perspective of solvency, and not just abstract probability, that they will default on their debt payments, vis a vis a situatio ...