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HRTF Measurements and Filter Design for a Headphone
HRTF Measurements and Filter Design for a Headphone

... in audio systems. The abbreviation for A-weighted decibels is dBA . Aside from A-weighting filter there are B,C and D filter which are used for louder noises such as aircraft noise. When we talk about acoustic measurements the dB SPL(sound pressure level) is used which is referenced to 20µP a = 0 dB ...
icroso nics M
icroso nics M

... in Fig. 2 is used. The IDT is a comb-like structure composed of a thin-film metallic overlay delineated as interwoven fingers. An applied potential difference between combs stresses the surface lattice. A time-varying potential difference will cause time-varying stresses that travel from the transdu ...
LLCL Grid-Connected Inverters Paper Min Huang
LLCL Grid-Connected Inverters Paper Min Huang

... 64 μH and C f = 4 μF. The characteristics of the three filters at the low frequencies are similar. The dominant harmonics of the grid-side current of the LLCL filter will be around the double of the switching frequency since the harmonics around the switching frequency are attenuated by the trap cir ...
Filters and Impedance Matching
Filters and Impedance Matching

... A. Motional capacitance, motional inductance, and loss resistance in series, all in parallel with a shunt capacitor representing electrode and stray capacitance B. Motional capacitance, motional inductance, loss resistance, and a capacitor representing electrode and stray capacitance all in parallel ...
IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSRJAP)
IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSRJAP)

... Limitations of passive filter studies are completely eliminated in active filter studies. However voltage controlled Op-Amp and current controlled OTA are considered as basic active elements in the design of active filters. The active filter design using op amp has a serious limitation over the appl ...
1. Introduction - About the journal
1. Introduction - About the journal

... requires two dual-output second-generation current conveyors (DO-CCIIs) as active elements. Besides, it provides a variable gain in the form of two resistors ratio but it is not suitable for providing very high gain since the spread of the resistance values becomes large, which is an undesired featu ...
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE)
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE)

... like audio signal processing, video/image processing, or large-capacity data processing are increasingly being demanded. The multiplier and multiplier-and-accumulator are the essential elements of the digital signal processing such as filtering, convolution, transfo-rmations and Inner products. Ther ...
J. Phinney and D.J. Perreault, “Filters with Active Tuning for Power Applications,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics , Vol. 18, No. 2, March 2003, pp. 636-647.
J. Phinney and D.J. Perreault, “Filters with Active Tuning for Power Applications,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics , Vol. 18, No. 2, March 2003, pp. 636-647.

... tion in the locked condition. the change in VCO frequency for a change in VCO command is a loop-shaping filter which, in the prototype voltage. systems, contains an integrator to support the VCO command with zero steady-state frequency error, and a low-frequency pole to further limit the bandwidth o ...
A Novel Square Root Domain Lossless Integrator and Its Application
A Novel Square Root Domain Lossless Integrator and Its Application

... There is a growing research area of square root domain circuits. Square root domain circuits are based on quadratic relationship between drain current (ID) and gate-source voltage (VGS) of the MOS transistors operating in strong inversion and MOS translinear principle [1,2]. Square root domain circu ...
For Full Text Click Here
For Full Text Click Here

... Figure 3.a is actually the multiple reflections of the incident voltage time waveform from multiple discontinuity points in a circuit (which means different time delays) with different coefficients. These discontinuity points and corresponding reflection coefficients can be identified from the refle ...
EC2314 DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING UNIT – I - INTRODUCTION
EC2314 DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING UNIT – I - INTRODUCTION

... principle states that , the response of the system to a weighted sum of signals be equal to the corresponding weighted sum of the outputs of the system to each of the individuals input signals. 20. Define – Unit Sample Response (Impulse Response) of a system The unit sample response is defined as th ...
Microphone Beamforming and Audio Signal Processing
Microphone Beamforming and Audio Signal Processing

... chosen arbitrarily for the beams. In this way, when a source is detected in a given beam or sector of beams, the approximate direction where it comes from is known.” [2] ...
A CMOS Temperature-to-Frequency Converter With an Inaccuracy
A CMOS Temperature-to-Frequency Converter With an Inaccuracy

... [12]. As a result, the phase shift of a properly designed electrothermal filter will be a well-defined function of temperature. One way of determining the temperature-dependent phase-shift of an electrothermal filter is by using the filter as the frequency-determining component of a feedback or rela ...


... overall and for a given frequency at a given time. The result is that the perceived frequency balance of a recording or reproduction of sound will vary with the listening level. There will only be one “correct” listening level, the level of the original performance. This is most notable at low liste ...
MFJ-784 Manual - R
MFJ-784 Manual - R

... years but has always been very complicated and expensive. Recent advances in integrated circuits have greatly increased the processing power and reduced the size of DSP units. These same advances also lowered the cost of DSP filtering, making DSP technology affordable for the average amateur or shor ...
Product Data Sheet: Preamplifier Type 2663 and 2663B (bp078915)
Product Data Sheet: Preamplifier Type 2663 and 2663B (bp078915)

... Type 2663; 100 Hz (–3 dB) for Type 2663 B. The cut-off frequency may be adjusted between 250 Hz and 33 kHz, and with reduced specifications to 200 kHz. The low-frequency cut-off is determined by a 4-pole Butterworth high-pass filter and is pre-adjusted to 0.5 Hz (–3 dB). Two poles of the filter are ...
LMF100 High Performance Dual Switched Capacitor Filter
LMF100 High Performance Dual Switched Capacitor Filter

... block. Each block has 3 outputs. One output can be configured to perform either an allpass, highpass, or notch function. The other two outputs perform bandpass and lowpass functions. The center frequency of each filter stage is tuned by using an external clock or a combination of a clock and resisto ...
wide bandwidth low cost saw notch filters
wide bandwidth low cost saw notch filters

... frequency, F0, should be many decibels (dB) below the passband level. Along with this specification, the stopband should be wide and at a level many dB below the passband of the filter. This wide notch bandwidth allows for aging, temperature drift, and set-on for manufacturing variation and has typi ...
Power Quality improvement using passive shunt filter Assistant
Power Quality improvement using passive shunt filter Assistant

... It is the most common method for the cancellation of harmonic current in the distribution system. Passive harmonic filter are basically designed on principle of either single tuned or band pass filter technology. As the name suggests shunt type filter are connected in system parallel with load. Pass ...
LTC1562-2 - Linear Technology
LTC1562-2 - Linear Technology

... center frequency (fO) of 20kHz to 300kHz. Unlike most monolithic filters, no clock is needed. Four independent 2nd order filter blocks can be cascaded in any combination, such as one 8th order or two 4th order filters. Each block’s response is programmed with three external resistors for center freq ...
LTC1562-2 - Very Low Noise, Low Distortion Active RC Quad Universal Filter
LTC1562-2 - Very Low Noise, Low Distortion Active RC Quad Universal Filter

... center frequency (fO) of 20kHz to 300kHz. Unlike most monolithic filters, no clock is needed. Four independent 2nd order filter blocks can be cascaded in any combination, such as one 8th order or two 4th order filters. Each block’s response is programmed with three external resistors for center freq ...
Pipelining and Parallel Processing
Pipelining and Parallel Processing

...  In order to maintain the same sample rate, the clock period of the Lparallel circuit must be increased to LTseq, where Tseq is the propagation delay of the sequential circuit.  There is more time to charge the same capacitance => supply voltage can be reduced to  V 0 ...
ISZ-1215 Single-Axis Z-Gyro Product Specification
ISZ-1215 Single-Axis Z-Gyro Product Specification

... rotation rate, and the carrier frequency is the mechanical drive frequency. The synchronous demodulator converts the Coriolis sense waveform to the low-frequency, angular rate signal. ...
Charge Pump, Loop Filter and VCO for Phase Lock
Charge Pump, Loop Filter and VCO for Phase Lock

... The loop filter is the heart of PLL. It is inevitable to choose the loop filter values correctly, as inappropriate values may either lead the loop to oscillate for long without reaching the locked state or it may so happen that once locked, small variations in the input data may cause the loop to un ...
1. Introduction - About the journal
1. Introduction - About the journal

... The differential difference current conveyors (DDCC) [1] or differential voltage current conveyors (DVCC) [2] have received considerable attention due to they enjoy the advantages of second-generation current conveyor (CCII) and differential difference amplifier (DDA) such as larger signal bandwidth ...
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Linear filter

Linear filters process time-varying input signals to produce output signals, subject to the constraint of linearity. This results from systems composed solely of components (or digital algorithms) classified as having a linear response. Most filters implemented in analog electronics, in digital signal processing, or in mechanical systems are classified as causal, time invariant, and linear signal processing filters.The general concept of linear filtering is also used in statistics, data analysis, and mechanical engineering among other fields and technologies. This includes non-causal filters and filters in more than one dimension such as those used in image processing; those filters are subject to different constraints leading to different design methods.
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