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Independence logic and tuple existence atoms
Independence logic and tuple existence atoms

... Definition R relation, ~x , ~y , ~z tuples of attributes. Then R |= ~x  ~y | ~z if and only if, for all r , r 0 ∈ R such that r (~x ) = r 0 (~x ) there exists a r 00 ∈ R such that r 00 (~x ~y ) = r (~x ~y ) and r 00 (~x ~z ) = r (~x ~z ). Huge literature on the topic; If ~x ~y ~z contains all attri ...
uma modelagem dos processos cognitivo, emocional e motivacional
uma modelagem dos processos cognitivo, emocional e motivacional

Semantic Enrichment - UMKC School of Computing and Engineering
Semantic Enrichment - UMKC School of Computing and Engineering

... terminologies with a two-level structure are the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) [2-4] and the WordNet [5] mapping to the Suggested Upper Merged Ontology (SUMO) [6]. There are major differences between these two examples. The UMLS was built from the outset as a two-level structure, is about 1 ...
Semantic Enrichment - UMKC School of Computing and Engineering
Semantic Enrichment - UMKC School of Computing and Engineering

Many-Valued Logic
Many-Valued Logic

possibilistic logic - an overview
possibilistic logic - an overview

... Π(A) = 1 whenever N (A) > 0, which totally fits the intuition behind this formalism, namely that something somewhat certain should be first fully possible, i.e. consistent with the available information. Moreover, one cannot be somewhat certain of both A and Ac , without being inconsistent. Note als ...
Ontology Integration Experienced on Medical Terminologies
Ontology Integration Experienced on Medical Terminologies

... Intuitively, categories should have been introduced for the purpose of categorizing concepts (similar to semantic types in the UMLS). This is what the name ”categories” seems to imply. However, as mentioned before, there exist different kinds of relationship between concepts and categories of the AC ...
Combinations of Case-Based Reasoning with Other Intelligent Methods (short paper)
Combinations of Case-Based Reasoning with Other Intelligent Methods (short paper)

An analytic approach for obtaining maximal entropy OWA operator weights ∗ Robert Full´er
An analytic approach for obtaining maximal entropy OWA operator weights ∗ Robert Full´er

... Additionally, Fuller and Majlender (2001) used Lagrange multipliers on Yager’s OWA equation to derive a polynomial equation, which determines the optimal weighting vector under maximal entropy (ME-OWA operator). The proposed approach thus determines the optimal weighting vector under maximal entropy ...
Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence

... Studio), MATLAB Fuzzy Logic Toolbox and MATLAB Neural Network Toolbox. I chose these tools because they can easily demonstrate the theory being presented. However, the book is not tied to any specific tool; the examples given in the book are easy to implement with different tools. This book is also ...
Predicate logic
Predicate logic

... Proving universal statements Claim: For any integers a and b, if a and b are odd, then ab is also odd. Definition: integer a is odd iff a = 2m + 1 for some integer m Let a, b ∈ Z s.t. a and b are odd. Then by definition of odd a = 2m + 1.m ∈ Z and b = 2n + 1.n ∈ Z So ab = (2m + 1)(2n + 1) = 4mn + 2m ...
University of Groningen Rethinking the culture-economy
University of Groningen Rethinking the culture-economy

as a PDF
as a PDF

... Some other approaches include genetic fuzzy neural networks and genetic fuzzy clustering, among others ...
Special Issue on Semantic Web Meets
Special Issue on Semantic Web Meets

Description Logics
Description Logics

... In their introduction to The Description Logic Handbook [11], Brachman and Nardi point out that the general goal of knowledge representation (KR) is to “develop formalisms for providing high-level descriptions of the world that can be effectively used to build intelligent applications” [32]. This se ...
Completeness or Incompleteness of Basic Mathematical Concepts
Completeness or Incompleteness of Basic Mathematical Concepts

... truth values for all sentences of first-order arithmetic. That is, it implies each first-order sentence or its negation. In fact I think that the concept of the natural numbers has a stronger property than first-order completeness. I will discuss this property, which I call “full determinateness” in ...
x - Stanford University
x - Stanford University

A Study on Finding the Key Motive of Happiness Using Fuzzy
A Study on Finding the Key Motive of Happiness Using Fuzzy

Reasoning with Axioms: Theory and Practice
Reasoning with Axioms: Theory and Practice

The Instance Store: DL Reasoning with Large Numbers of Individuals
The Instance Store: DL Reasoning with Large Numbers of Individuals

On the Concepts of Logical Fallacy and Logical Error
On the Concepts of Logical Fallacy and Logical Error

review and analysis of different methodologies used in mobile robot
review and analysis of different methodologies used in mobile robot

... respond to human supplied commands such as “Follow the corridor and turn right at the second T junction” is achieved by an ensemble of neural networks whose activation and deactivation are controlled by a supervisory controller that is rule-based. Glasius, Komoda, and Stan (1994) have proposed a mod ...
Computing the least common subsumer
Computing the least common subsumer

A Knowledge Representation Tool for Autonomous Machine
A Knowledge Representation Tool for Autonomous Machine

... concepts and knowledge systems in multiple ways in order to simulate and visualize the dynamic concept networks during machine learning based on concept algebra. Keyword: Cognitive informatics, cognitive computing, computational intelligence, denotational mathematics, intelligent systems, concept al ...
A Formal Characterization of Concept Learning in Description Logics
A Formal Characterization of Concept Learning in Description Logics

... in DL, then hE0 , . . . , En i is a solution for Γ . Moreover, we say that the formula ∃X0 · · · ∃Xn .Γ is true in DL if there exist at least a solution for Γ , otherwise it is false. ...
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Fuzzy concept

A fuzzy concept is a concept of which the boundaries of application can vary considerably according to context or conditions, instead of being fixed once and for all. This means the concept is vague in some way, lacking a fixed, precise meaning, without however being unclear or meaningless altogether. It has a definite meaning, which can become more precise only through further elaboration and specification, including a closer definition of the context in which the concept is used. A fuzzy concept is understood by scientists as a concept which is ""to an extent applicable"" in a situation, and it therefore implies gradations of meaning. The best known example of a fuzzy concept around the world is an amber traffic light, and indeed fuzzy concepts are nowadays widely used in traffic control systems.The Nordic myth of Loki's wager suggests that concepts which lack a precise meaning or precise boundaries of application cannot be usefully discussed at all. However, the idea of ""fuzzy concepts"" proposes that ""somewhat vague terms"" can be operated with, since we can explicate and define the variability of their application, by assigning numbers to it.
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