![One of the most striking community-wide effects of top predators is](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/013222138_1-64f07d401c68dea3824587d79bd6e91e-300x300.png)
One of the most striking community-wide effects of top predators is
... Predator diversity has decreased dramatically in the world’s oceans, yet for most ecosystems, we do not understand how important predator diversity and abundance is for ecosystem functioning. Background ...
... Predator diversity has decreased dramatically in the world’s oceans, yet for most ecosystems, we do not understand how important predator diversity and abundance is for ecosystem functioning. Background ...
Ch. 56 Notes
... The Center for Plant Conservation estimates that 200 of the 20,000 known plant species in the United States have become extinct since records have been kept, and another 730 are endangered or threatened. About 20% of the known freshwater species of fish in the world have become extinct or are seriou ...
... The Center for Plant Conservation estimates that 200 of the 20,000 known plant species in the United States have become extinct since records have been kept, and another 730 are endangered or threatened. About 20% of the known freshwater species of fish in the world have become extinct or are seriou ...
Biodiversity, ecosystem function, and resilience: ten
... along environmental gradients of temperature, moisture, or important ecosystem functions. The first is conserving keyprimary productivity (Austin and Smith 1989). stone species; the second is maintaining species diversity Heterogeneity of land uses and land-use intensities should within functional g ...
... along environmental gradients of temperature, moisture, or important ecosystem functions. The first is conserving keyprimary productivity (Austin and Smith 1989). stone species; the second is maintaining species diversity Heterogeneity of land uses and land-use intensities should within functional g ...
Our Biodiverse City - eThekwini Municipality
... produce oxygen for all life forms to breathe. Frogs control disease causing insects. Grasslands prevent soil erosion. The removal of a single species can compromise the ability of an ecosystem to function properly. If enough species are destroyed, entire ecosystems will collapse and the survival of ...
... produce oxygen for all life forms to breathe. Frogs control disease causing insects. Grasslands prevent soil erosion. The removal of a single species can compromise the ability of an ecosystem to function properly. If enough species are destroyed, entire ecosystems will collapse and the survival of ...
Ecological Monitoring: Its Importance for the
... The Eastern Arc forests of Tanzania have been classified as one of the 14 most threatened tropical forest hotspots worldwide because of their unusual concentrations of endemic species and the significant threats facing them (Myers 1990, 1991). The Eastern Arc Mountains are for their size the richest ...
... The Eastern Arc forests of Tanzania have been classified as one of the 14 most threatened tropical forest hotspots worldwide because of their unusual concentrations of endemic species and the significant threats facing them (Myers 1990, 1991). The Eastern Arc Mountains are for their size the richest ...
“Mile Square” Site 1
... However, this does not indicate how the diversity of the population is distributed or organized among those particular species. For example, if there were 4 different species found in both the bachelor reserve and the "Mile Square" . This does not indicate what % of each species there were of the ...
... However, this does not indicate how the diversity of the population is distributed or organized among those particular species. For example, if there were 4 different species found in both the bachelor reserve and the "Mile Square" . This does not indicate what % of each species there were of the ...
Biodiversity and Conservation
... and provide services such as clean water, healthy soil and pollination of crops many people find enjoyment from the range of leisure activities undertaken in the natural environment. ...
... and provide services such as clean water, healthy soil and pollination of crops many people find enjoyment from the range of leisure activities undertaken in the natural environment. ...
Abstract Study on the biodiversity and characterization of yeasts
... enzymatic activity profile of yeasts isolated from tropical environments of Cameroon and Namibia. This screening survey could constitute the first approach in selecting yeast strains of environmental origin potentially exploitable as enzyme producers. In this study, 181 yeasts (151 isolated from cro ...
... enzymatic activity profile of yeasts isolated from tropical environments of Cameroon and Namibia. This screening survey could constitute the first approach in selecting yeast strains of environmental origin potentially exploitable as enzyme producers. In this study, 181 yeasts (151 isolated from cro ...
9693 MARINE SCIENCE
... (c) 1 example of unstable environment, e.g. sand on a reef slope; (do not credit extreme environment or a normal littoral environment) 2 reference to changing physical factors / example of changing factor; 3 reference to difficulty of survival in stated conditions; 4 need for (specific) adaptations/ ...
... (c) 1 example of unstable environment, e.g. sand on a reef slope; (do not credit extreme environment or a normal littoral environment) 2 reference to changing physical factors / example of changing factor; 3 reference to difficulty of survival in stated conditions; 4 need for (specific) adaptations/ ...
Essay writing
... insect pests in sugar-cane fields. But the result has been disastrous because the toads are toxic and highly invasive. Here we show that the annual rate of progress of the toad invasion front has increased about fivefold since the toads first arrived; we find that toads with longer legs can not only ...
... insect pests in sugar-cane fields. But the result has been disastrous because the toads are toxic and highly invasive. Here we show that the annual rate of progress of the toad invasion front has increased about fivefold since the toads first arrived; we find that toads with longer legs can not only ...
Governance failing to protect nature Down Under
... the past two centuries, at least 27 mammals, 23 birds (including island species and subspecies), 4 frogs and over 60 plant species have vanished (Department of Sustainability 2009). In addition, over 1500 mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and plants are currently threatened with extinction, alon ...
... the past two centuries, at least 27 mammals, 23 birds (including island species and subspecies), 4 frogs and over 60 plant species have vanished (Department of Sustainability 2009). In addition, over 1500 mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and plants are currently threatened with extinction, alon ...
Focus 91 - Edquest
... The number and variety of species and ecosystems on the Earth and the ecological processes of they are a part of refers to … A. genetics B. variability C. biological diversity D. ecosystem speciation ...
... The number and variety of species and ecosystems on the Earth and the ecological processes of they are a part of refers to … A. genetics B. variability C. biological diversity D. ecosystem speciation ...
File
... Global warming is already altering habitats today, and its impact will increase. When no alternative habitat is available or when a species is unable to move, habitat loss may mean extinction. ...
... Global warming is already altering habitats today, and its impact will increase. When no alternative habitat is available or when a species is unable to move, habitat loss may mean extinction. ...
chapter 55 - Webbbiology
... Global warming is already altering habitats today, and its impact will increase. When no alternative habitat is available or when a species is unable to move, habitat loss may mean extinction. ...
... Global warming is already altering habitats today, and its impact will increase. When no alternative habitat is available or when a species is unable to move, habitat loss may mean extinction. ...
Acoustic Biodiversity of Primary Rainforest Ecosystems
... [1] of untouched forest ecosystems should exhibit a more structured behavior, maximizing efficiency within diversity. I realized that, if properly reproduced, soundscape recordings of these ecosystems could be powerful means for raising awareness of acoustic biodiversity and its heritage [2], now be ...
... [1] of untouched forest ecosystems should exhibit a more structured behavior, maximizing efficiency within diversity. I realized that, if properly reproduced, soundscape recordings of these ecosystems could be powerful means for raising awareness of acoustic biodiversity and its heritage [2], now be ...
- proposte sonore
... [1] of untouched forest ecosystems should exhibit a more structured behavior, maximizing efficiency within diversity. I realized that, if properly reproduced, soundscape recordings of these ecosystems could be powerful means for raising awareness of acoustic biodiversity and its heritage [2], now be ...
... [1] of untouched forest ecosystems should exhibit a more structured behavior, maximizing efficiency within diversity. I realized that, if properly reproduced, soundscape recordings of these ecosystems could be powerful means for raising awareness of acoustic biodiversity and its heritage [2], now be ...
Class Notes
... Global warming is already altering habitats today, and its impact will increase. When no alternative habitat is available or when a species is unable to move, habitat loss may mean extinction. ...
... Global warming is already altering habitats today, and its impact will increase. When no alternative habitat is available or when a species is unable to move, habitat loss may mean extinction. ...
Alpine and Arctic Ecosystems
... The alpine life zone above the climatic treeline hosts a vast biological richness, exceeding that of many low elevation biota. Steep terrain, the compression of thermal zones, and the fragmentation of landscape make mountain ecosystems unique. Many organisms adapt and specialize in these high-altitu ...
... The alpine life zone above the climatic treeline hosts a vast biological richness, exceeding that of many low elevation biota. Steep terrain, the compression of thermal zones, and the fragmentation of landscape make mountain ecosystems unique. Many organisms adapt and specialize in these high-altitu ...
Grassland Ecosystems - Sala Lab
... Microorganisms are broadly defined as a group of microscopic life forms that include bacteria, archaea, viruses and unicellular eukaryotes like some fungi and protists. The diversity of microorganisms is known in much less detail than that of plants and animals but it constitutes a very important co ...
... Microorganisms are broadly defined as a group of microscopic life forms that include bacteria, archaea, viruses and unicellular eukaryotes like some fungi and protists. The diversity of microorganisms is known in much less detail than that of plants and animals but it constitutes a very important co ...
Document
... Reducing Tropical Deforestation Encourage protection of large tracts Sustainable tropical agriculture Debt-for-nature swaps Reduce illegal cutting Reducing poverty and population growth Refer to Fig. 11-19 p. 213 ...
... Reducing Tropical Deforestation Encourage protection of large tracts Sustainable tropical agriculture Debt-for-nature swaps Reduce illegal cutting Reducing poverty and population growth Refer to Fig. 11-19 p. 213 ...
APES Study Guide
... 12. Describe the difference between Gross Primary Productivity (GPP), and net primary productivity (NPP). 13. What does the planet’s NPP limit? 14. What effect have humans had on the total potential NPP for the planet? 15. What is gross primary productivity (GPP)? 16. Explain why there are not many ...
... 12. Describe the difference between Gross Primary Productivity (GPP), and net primary productivity (NPP). 13. What does the planet’s NPP limit? 14. What effect have humans had on the total potential NPP for the planet? 15. What is gross primary productivity (GPP)? 16. Explain why there are not many ...
taxonomy in conservation - Ecological Solutions, Solomon Islands
... of many species from their native range to newer areas becomes a stark reality. Some of these hitchhiking species can bring disease to the new country or devastate the native environment. For example, invasive ants have colonized many Pacific Islands and in the Solomon Islands, some invasive ant (sp ...
... of many species from their native range to newer areas becomes a stark reality. Some of these hitchhiking species can bring disease to the new country or devastate the native environment. For example, invasive ants have colonized many Pacific Islands and in the Solomon Islands, some invasive ant (sp ...
An Introduction to Marine Biodiversity
... • Genetic diversity is the variation in the genetic composition of individuals in a population, community or species • Evolves as a result of many different processes: e.g. chromosomal/sequence mutation, and physical or behavioural isolation of populations • Allows individuals to adapt to different ...
... • Genetic diversity is the variation in the genetic composition of individuals in a population, community or species • Evolves as a result of many different processes: e.g. chromosomal/sequence mutation, and physical or behavioural isolation of populations • Allows individuals to adapt to different ...
Biodiversity
Global Biodiversity is the variety of different types of life found on Earth and the variations within species. It is a measure of the variety of organisms present in different ecosystems. This can refer to genetic variation, ecosystem variation, or species variation (number of species) within an area, biome, or planet. Terrestrial biodiversity tends to be highest near the equator, which seems to be the result of the warm climate and high primary productivity. Biodiversity is not distributed evenly on Earth. It is the richest in the tropics. Marine biodiversity tends to be highest along coasts in the Western Pacific, where sea surface temperature is highest and in the mid-latitudinal band in all oceans. There are latitudinal gradients in species diversity. Biodiversity generally tends to cluster in hotspots, and has been increasing through time but will be likely to slow in the future.The number and variety of plants, animals and other organisms that exist is known as biodiversity. It is an essential component of nature and it ensures the survival of human species by providing food, fuel, shelter, medicines and other resources to mankind. The richness of biodiversity depends on the climatic conditions and area of the region. All species of plants taken together are known as flora and about 70,000 species of plants are known till date. All species of animals taken together are known as fauna which includes birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, insects, crustaceans, molluscs, etc.Rapid environmental changes typically cause mass extinctions. More than 99 percent of all species, amounting to over five billion species, that ever lived on Earth are estimated to be extinct. Estimates on the number of Earth's current species range from 10 million to 14 million, of which about 1.2 million have been documented and over 86 percent have not yet been described. The total amount of related DNA base pairs on Earth is estimated at 5.0 x 1037, and weighs 50 billion tonnes. In comparison, the total mass of the biosphere has been estimated to be as much as 4 TtC (trillion tons of carbon).The age of the Earth is about 4.54 billion years old. The earliest undisputed evidence of life on Earth dates at least from 3.5 billion years ago, during the Eoarchean Era after a geological crust started to solidify following the earlier molten Hadean Eon. There are microbial mat fossils found in 3.48 billion-year-old sandstone discovered in Western Australia. Other early physical evidence of a biogenic substance is graphite in 3.7 billion-year-old metasedimentary rocks discovered in Western Greenland. Since life began on Earth, five major mass extinctions and several minor events have led to large and sudden drops in biodiversity. The Phanerozoic eon (the last 540 million years) marked a rapid growth in biodiversity via the Cambrian explosion—a period during which the majority of multicellular phyla first appeared. The next 400 million years included repeated, massive biodiversity losses classified as mass extinction events. In the Carboniferous, rainforest collapse led to a great loss of plant and animal life. The Permian–Triassic extinction event, 251 million years ago, was the worst; vertebrate recovery took 30 million years. The most recent, the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, occurred 65 million years ago and has often attracted more attention than others because it resulted in the extinction of the dinosaurs.The period since the emergence of humans has displayed an ongoing biodiversity reduction and an accompanying loss of genetic diversity. Named the Holocene extinction, the reduction is caused primarily by human impacts, particularly habitat destruction. Conversely, biodiversity impacts human health in a number of ways, both positively and negatively.The United Nations designated 2011–2020 as the United Nations Decade on Biodiversity.