Assessing the Relative Roles of Initial and Boundary Conditions in
... scales because of the noise being reduced relative to the ‘‘signal’’ by spatial averaging (Stott and Tett 1998). Also land areas are likely to warm at a greater rate than the ocean because of the difference in thermal inertia and because, over water, much of the excess energy from the increased conc ...
... scales because of the noise being reduced relative to the ‘‘signal’’ by spatial averaging (Stott and Tett 1998). Also land areas are likely to warm at a greater rate than the ocean because of the difference in thermal inertia and because, over water, much of the excess energy from the increased conc ...
What shapes perceptions of climate change?
... Recently, behavioral researchers have shown differences in the way people learn about uncertain phenomena or environments from personal experience versus from being provided with a statistical (typically numeric or graphic) description of possible outcomes and their likelihood.16 This distinction be ...
... Recently, behavioral researchers have shown differences in the way people learn about uncertain phenomena or environments from personal experience versus from being provided with a statistical (typically numeric or graphic) description of possible outcomes and their likelihood.16 This distinction be ...
Report of DPWG
... CLIVAR Working Group on Ocean Model Development DPWG invited to participate in next WG meeting in October 2010, along with AMOC Team NCAR Climate Change & Climate Variability WGs Running additional experiments at request of DPWG US CLIVAR Summit 2009 ...
... CLIVAR Working Group on Ocean Model Development DPWG invited to participate in next WG meeting in October 2010, along with AMOC Team NCAR Climate Change & Climate Variability WGs Running additional experiments at request of DPWG US CLIVAR Summit 2009 ...
Global Environmental Change Issues in the Western Indian Ocean
... fluctuations on a longer temporal scale. Source: adapted and modified after NICHOLSON and NYENZI (1990). Figure 3. Atmospheric gases contributing to greenhouse ...
... fluctuations on a longer temporal scale. Source: adapted and modified after NICHOLSON and NYENZI (1990). Figure 3. Atmospheric gases contributing to greenhouse ...
Strategic Framework 2014–2017: SDC Global Programme Climate
... Climate Change 1 is a major global challenge and a key underlying factor in many global risks including food shortage, water supply crises and the impacts of extreme weather events. Additionally, Climate Change is a most relevant development challenge, as it affects developing countries far more tha ...
... Climate Change 1 is a major global challenge and a key underlying factor in many global risks including food shortage, water supply crises and the impacts of extreme weather events. Additionally, Climate Change is a most relevant development challenge, as it affects developing countries far more tha ...
Climate change integrated assessment methodology for cross
... Climate Change Integrated Methodology for Cross-Sectoral Adaptation and Vulnerability in Europe ...
... Climate Change Integrated Methodology for Cross-Sectoral Adaptation and Vulnerability in Europe ...
A ricardian analysis of the distribution of climate change impacts on
... Center, is based on ground station measurements of precipitation. It is not self-evident how to represent monthly temperatures and precipitation data in a Ricardian regression model. The correlation between adjacent months is too high to include every month. Kurukulasuriya et al. (2007) explored sev ...
... Center, is based on ground station measurements of precipitation. It is not self-evident how to represent monthly temperatures and precipitation data in a Ricardian regression model. The correlation between adjacent months is too high to include every month. Kurukulasuriya et al. (2007) explored sev ...
The Bottom Line on Climate Change: A Manitoba Business Guide
... Understanding how climate change will affect the bottom line of these valuable operations is vital to the continued success of small businesses in Manitoba. Business leaders at the 2000 World Economic Forum voted global climate change as the most pressing issue facing the world’s business community. ...
... Understanding how climate change will affect the bottom line of these valuable operations is vital to the continued success of small businesses in Manitoba. Business leaders at the 2000 World Economic Forum voted global climate change as the most pressing issue facing the world’s business community. ...
Annex 3: Strengths and weaknesses of climate models
... they might impact the signal of climate change). While in no way comprehensive, it should give a flavour of the type of research which is ongoing in improving our ability to model, understand and predict climate change. A3.1 What are climate models? We can describe the climate system using mathemati ...
... they might impact the signal of climate change). While in no way comprehensive, it should give a flavour of the type of research which is ongoing in improving our ability to model, understand and predict climate change. A3.1 What are climate models? We can describe the climate system using mathemati ...
The CCPC grew out of the International Council of Local
... whether it becomes politically important. To initiate action, the political discourse must also frame the issue in a way that makes the problem solvable. The analysis focuses on how CCPC has constructed the local level as a relevant geographical space for climate protection, and assesses to what deg ...
... whether it becomes politically important. To initiate action, the political discourse must also frame the issue in a way that makes the problem solvable. The analysis focuses on how CCPC has constructed the local level as a relevant geographical space for climate protection, and assesses to what deg ...
Multi-model climate change projections for India under
... (IPCC) are made using the newly developed representative concentration pathways (RCPs) under the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project 5 (CMIP5). This article provides multi-model and multi-scenario temperature and precipitation projections for India for the period 1860–2099 based on the new climat ...
... (IPCC) are made using the newly developed representative concentration pathways (RCPs) under the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project 5 (CMIP5). This article provides multi-model and multi-scenario temperature and precipitation projections for India for the period 1860–2099 based on the new climat ...
Temporary storage of carbon in the biosphere does have value for
... We believe that Kirschbaum’s conclusion is erroneous and misleading. This paper argues that Kirschbaum’s conclusion is an artifact of the specific perspective of his analysis and his choice of a definition for climate-change impact. Application of Kirschbaum’s conclusion relies on an ex post facto p ...
... We believe that Kirschbaum’s conclusion is erroneous and misleading. This paper argues that Kirschbaum’s conclusion is an artifact of the specific perspective of his analysis and his choice of a definition for climate-change impact. Application of Kirschbaum’s conclusion relies on an ex post facto p ...
Climate change and impacts in the Eastern Mediterranean and the
... The climate of the northern EMME is mostly temperate with warm to hot, dry summers, occasional droughts, and mild, relatively wet winters (Bolle 2003; Lionello et al. 2006). In the southern EMME, an arid hot desert climate prevails, where precipitation is low and vegetation scanty (Issar and Zohar 2 ...
... The climate of the northern EMME is mostly temperate with warm to hot, dry summers, occasional droughts, and mild, relatively wet winters (Bolle 2003; Lionello et al. 2006). In the southern EMME, an arid hot desert climate prevails, where precipitation is low and vegetation scanty (Issar and Zohar 2 ...
How positive is the feedback between climate change and the
... By P. FRIEDLINGSTEIN1∗ , J.-L. DUFRESNE2 , P. M. COX3 and P. RAYNER4 , 1 IPSL/LSCE, CEA, Gifsur-Yvette 91191, France; 2 IPSL/LMD, Univ. P. et M. Curie, Paris 75252, France; 3 Hadley Centre, Bracknell, UK; 4 CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia (Manuscript received 23 January 2002; in final form 12 August 200 ...
... By P. FRIEDLINGSTEIN1∗ , J.-L. DUFRESNE2 , P. M. COX3 and P. RAYNER4 , 1 IPSL/LSCE, CEA, Gifsur-Yvette 91191, France; 2 IPSL/LMD, Univ. P. et M. Curie, Paris 75252, France; 3 Hadley Centre, Bracknell, UK; 4 CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia (Manuscript received 23 January 2002; in final form 12 August 200 ...
Jack, Jill, and Jane in a Perfect Moral Storm
... In one of the most interesting parts of A Perfect Moral Storm Gardiner discusses corruption, a failing that he thinks helps to explain why we pass the costs of our climate changing behavior on to the future, the poor, and nature. He illustrates this failure with an example from Jane Austen’s Sense a ...
... In one of the most interesting parts of A Perfect Moral Storm Gardiner discusses corruption, a failing that he thinks helps to explain why we pass the costs of our climate changing behavior on to the future, the poor, and nature. He illustrates this failure with an example from Jane Austen’s Sense a ...
Young People`s Burden: Requirement of Negative CO2 Emissions
... asked the Court to dismiss the case, in part based on the argument that the requested rate of fossil fuel emissions reduction was implausible. Magistrate Judge Coffin stated that he was “troubled” by the severity of the requested emissions reduction rate, but he also noted that some of the alleged c ...
... asked the Court to dismiss the case, in part based on the argument that the requested rate of fossil fuel emissions reduction was implausible. Magistrate Judge Coffin stated that he was “troubled” by the severity of the requested emissions reduction rate, but he also noted that some of the alleged c ...
Challenging the current climate change – migration nexus: exploring
... lasted between 30 and 45 minutes and started with the open question ‘What is climate change for you?’ This initial question was followed by questions that build on each other such as ‘What are the impacts of climate change?’, ‘What are the causes of climate change?’, ‘Which measures could be taken t ...
... lasted between 30 and 45 minutes and started with the open question ‘What is climate change for you?’ This initial question was followed by questions that build on each other such as ‘What are the impacts of climate change?’, ‘What are the causes of climate change?’, ‘Which measures could be taken t ...
Copernicus Climate Change Services
... Manage COP21 outcomes and its implications for C3S as a tool to support policy making, business decisions, and public information needs Build upon the channels developed in 2015 and ensure that content development meets evolving stakeholders’ needs Devise and implement an information campaign ...
... Manage COP21 outcomes and its implications for C3S as a tool to support policy making, business decisions, and public information needs Build upon the channels developed in 2015 and ensure that content development meets evolving stakeholders’ needs Devise and implement an information campaign ...
Global and regional climate changes due to black carbon
... study14 demonstrated that ABCs with a visible absorption optical depth as low as 0.02 are sufficient to enhance solar heating of the lower atmosphere by 50%. Global average BC solar heating of the atmosphere, as per the present estimate, is 2.6 W m–2 (Fig. 2c), which is comparable to the TOA GHG for ...
... study14 demonstrated that ABCs with a visible absorption optical depth as low as 0.02 are sufficient to enhance solar heating of the lower atmosphere by 50%. Global average BC solar heating of the atmosphere, as per the present estimate, is 2.6 W m–2 (Fig. 2c), which is comparable to the TOA GHG for ...
Climate Change and the Law
... interact to develop responses at multiple levels to a problem that affects all of us. The text encompasses international, national, state, and local approaches to climate change, as well as initiatives in regulatory agencies, the courts and the private sector. In this way, students are invited to se ...
... interact to develop responses at multiple levels to a problem that affects all of us. The text encompasses international, national, state, and local approaches to climate change, as well as initiatives in regulatory agencies, the courts and the private sector. In this way, students are invited to se ...
Climate Change: Law, Policy, and Business
... with the other participants. When you are in class, you have responsibilities as a teacher: your classmates and I will learn from you. Please come to class each day, on time, prepared, and ready to participate fully. You can expect me to plan the best course I can. That means I will select intriguin ...
... with the other participants. When you are in class, you have responsibilities as a teacher: your classmates and I will learn from you. Please come to class each day, on time, prepared, and ready to participate fully. You can expect me to plan the best course I can. That means I will select intriguin ...
a i5165e
... the planet’s ecosystems and benefit from their services, while maintaining and sustainably using biodiversity and all the world’s natural resources now and in the future. ...
... the planet’s ecosystems and benefit from their services, while maintaining and sustainably using biodiversity and all the world’s natural resources now and in the future. ...
vsi10 fi Diederich 13266359 en
... EUAs must be acquired4 and submitted by those large EU installations included in the regulation to account for their yearly CO2 emissions. In the current trading period (2008 to 2012), the system covers about half of the EU’s carbon dioxide emissions (European Union 2008). EUAs can be completely wit ...
... EUAs must be acquired4 and submitted by those large EU installations included in the regulation to account for their yearly CO2 emissions. In the current trading period (2008 to 2012), the system covers about half of the EU’s carbon dioxide emissions (European Union 2008). EUAs can be completely wit ...
LCCARL267_en.pdf
... The Caribbean Sea is the second largest sea in the world, covering an area of approximately 2,515,900 km2 (other sources estimate the area to be more than 3 million km2), and comprising some of the territorial waters and coastal areas of 39 bordering countries and territories. The 116 million people ...
... The Caribbean Sea is the second largest sea in the world, covering an area of approximately 2,515,900 km2 (other sources estimate the area to be more than 3 million km2), and comprising some of the territorial waters and coastal areas of 39 bordering countries and territories. The 116 million people ...
Adaptation investments
... Parties …shall… assist the developing country Parties that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change in meeting the costs of adaptation to those adverse effects”. In recognition of this commitment, the Copenhagen Accord promises additional financing for both adaptation and ...
... Parties …shall… assist the developing country Parties that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change in meeting the costs of adaptation to those adverse effects”. In recognition of this commitment, the Copenhagen Accord promises additional financing for both adaptation and ...
2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference
The 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference, commonly known as the Copenhagen Summit, was held at the Bella Center in Copenhagen, Denmark, between 7 and 18 December. The conference included the 15th Conference of the Parties (COP 15) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the 5th Meeting of the Parties (MOP 5) to the Kyoto Protocol. According to the Bali Road Map, a framework for climate change mitigation beyond 2012 was to be agreed there.On Friday 18 December, the final day of the conference, international media reported that the climate talks were ""in disarray"". Media also reported that in lieu of a summit collapse, only a ""weak political statement"" was anticipated at the conclusion of the conference. The Copenhagen Accord was drafted by the United States, China, India, Brazil and South Africa on 18 December, and judged a ""meaningful agreement"" by the United States government. It was ""taken note of"", but not ""adopted"", in a debate of all the participating countries the next day, and it was not passed unanimously. The document recognised that climate change is one of the greatest challenges of the present day and that actions should be taken to keep any temperature increases to below 2 °C. The document is not legally binding and does not contain any legally binding commitments for reducing CO2 emissions.In January 2014, documents leaked by Edward Snowden and published by Dagbladet Information revealed that the US government negotiators were in receipt of information during the conference that was being obtained by spying against other conference delegations. The US National Security Agency provided US delegates with advance details other delegations' positions, including the Danish plan to ""rescue"" the talks should they flounder. Members of the Danish negotiating team said that both the US and Chinese delegations were ""peculiarly well-informed"" about closed-door discussions: ""They simply sat back, just as we had feared they would if they knew about our document.""