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Nutrition of the Tortoise - Association of Reptilian and Amphibian
Nutrition of the Tortoise - Association of Reptilian and Amphibian

... -low energy density (kcal/g), such as found with diets of fruits and many vegetables; -high fiber contents, such as found with diets including post-bloom hays, which limit dry matter intake; -vitamin-mineral supplements, which have been fed at the expense of energy-containing foods. Tortoises that l ...
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Perspectives in Nutrition, 8th Edition
Perspectives in Nutrition, 8th Edition

... poultry, eggs, beans and peas, soy products, and unsalted nuts and seeds. f. Increase the amount and variety of seafood consumed by choosing seafood in place of some meat and poultry. g. Replace protein foods that are higher in solid fats with choices that are lower in solid fats and calories and/or ...
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012809.VUhley.Nutrition

... Copyright holders of content included in this material should contact [email protected] with any questions, corrections, or clarification regarding the use of content. For more information about how to cite these materials visit http://open.umich.edu/education/about/terms-of-use. Any medical i ...
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Dietary fiber

Dietary fiber or roughage is the indigestible portion of food derived from plants. It has two main components: Soluble fiber, which dissolves in water, is readily fermented in the colon into gases and physiologically active byproducts, and can be prebiotic and viscous. Insoluble fiber, which does not dissolve in water, is metabolically inert and provides bulking, or it can be prebiotic and metabolically ferment in the large intestine. Bulking fibers absorb water as they move through the digestive system, easing defecation.Dietary fibers can act by changing the nature of the contents of the gastrointestinal tract and by changing how other nutrients and chemicals are absorbed. Some types of soluble fiber absorb water to become a gelatinous, viscous substance which is fermented by bacteria in the digestive tract. Some types of insoluble fiber have bulking action and are not fermented. Lignin, a major dietary insoluble fiber source, may alter the rate and metabolism of soluble fibers. Other types of insoluble fiber, notably resistant starch, are fully fermented.Chemically, dietary fiber consists of non-starch polysaccharides such as arabinoxylans, cellulose, and many other plant components such as resistant starch, resistant dextrins, inulin, lignin, waxes, chitins, pectins, beta-glucans, and oligosaccharides. A novel position has been adopted by the US Department of Agriculture to include functional fibers as isolated fiber sources that may be included in the diet. The term ""fiber"" is something of a misnomer, since many types of so-called dietary fiber are not actually fibrous.Food sources of dietary fiber are often divided according to whether they provide (predominantly) soluble or insoluble fiber. Plant foods contain both types of fiber in varying degrees, according to the plant's characteristics.Advantages of consuming fiber are the production of healthful compounds during the fermentation of soluble fiber, and insoluble fiber's ability (via its passive hygroscopic properties) to increase bulk, soften stool, and shorten transit time through the intestinal tract. A disadvantage of a diet high in fiber is the potential for significant intestinal gas production and bloating.
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