Global warming under old and new scenarios using IPCC climate
... (see ref. 11 and references therein). The IPCC AR4 concludes1 that ECS is likely (greater than 66% probability12 ) in the range from 2 to 4.5 ◦ C, with a most likely value (mode) of about 3 ◦ C. Furthermore, ECS is very likely (greater than 90% probability12 ) larger than 1.5 ◦ C, and values substan ...
... (see ref. 11 and references therein). The IPCC AR4 concludes1 that ECS is likely (greater than 66% probability12 ) in the range from 2 to 4.5 ◦ C, with a most likely value (mode) of about 3 ◦ C. Furthermore, ECS is very likely (greater than 90% probability12 ) larger than 1.5 ◦ C, and values substan ...
Introduction: Humidity and Climate Change
... Clearly, water vapour has played and will continue to play a key role in our changing climate as: a much affected variable; a major agent of change; and a human health issue. However, more research is urgently needed to quantify and understand recent changes, their causes, and their impacts fully. ...
... Clearly, water vapour has played and will continue to play a key role in our changing climate as: a much affected variable; a major agent of change; and a human health issue. However, more research is urgently needed to quantify and understand recent changes, their causes, and their impacts fully. ...
Monitoring and evaluating climate change adaptation and
... Climate change is one of the most important global issues, with broad and far reaching ecological, social, economic, and political impact. Uganda is already experiencing impacts of climate variability and climate change manifested through change of weather patterns and resultant disasters including ...
... Climate change is one of the most important global issues, with broad and far reaching ecological, social, economic, and political impact. Uganda is already experiencing impacts of climate variability and climate change manifested through change of weather patterns and resultant disasters including ...
Climate Change Paper - American College of Real Estate Lawyers
... concludes that economic growth itself globally as well as nationally is producing climate change and its negative consequences.5 Roger A. Pielke, Jr., a political scientist in the Center for Science and Technology Policy Research at the University of Colorado, Boulder, blames “population growth in e ...
... concludes that economic growth itself globally as well as nationally is producing climate change and its negative consequences.5 Roger A. Pielke, Jr., a political scientist in the Center for Science and Technology Policy Research at the University of Colorado, Boulder, blames “population growth in e ...
What Is and Is Not Known About Climate Change in Illinois
... makes it difficult to assess possible changes on the physical systems such as water resources, as well as potential economic impacts (Ausubel, 1991a). Nevertheless, the potential seriousness of global warming is sufficient that over the past several years certain policy makers at the national and in ...
... makes it difficult to assess possible changes on the physical systems such as water resources, as well as potential economic impacts (Ausubel, 1991a). Nevertheless, the potential seriousness of global warming is sufficient that over the past several years certain policy makers at the national and in ...
Effects of Climate Change on Global Seaweed
... of communities that is occurring as the ecological balance between competing species changes, and as top-down control by herbivores becomes stronger or weaker. Finally, we delve into some of the ecosystemlevel responses to these changes, including changes in primary productivity, diversity, and resi ...
... of communities that is occurring as the ecological balance between competing species changes, and as top-down control by herbivores becomes stronger or weaker. Finally, we delve into some of the ecosystemlevel responses to these changes, including changes in primary productivity, diversity, and resi ...
PDF
... information on HPAI and previous studies; Section 4 presents the statistical models and describes the data; Section 5 interprets estimation results, predicts the risk of HPAI outbreaks under past and future climate change and evaluates associated economic losses and section 6 presents conclusions. B ...
... information on HPAI and previous studies; Section 4 presents the statistical models and describes the data; Section 5 interprets estimation results, predicts the risk of HPAI outbreaks under past and future climate change and evaluates associated economic losses and section 6 presents conclusions. B ...
Effects of land use/land cover and climate changes on surface runoff
... frameworks for investigating the changes among various hydrological pathways that are caused by climate and human activities (Leavesley, 1994; Jiang et al., 2007; Wang et al., 2010). Distributed hydrological models, which use input parameters that directly represent land surface characteristics, hav ...
... frameworks for investigating the changes among various hydrological pathways that are caused by climate and human activities (Leavesley, 1994; Jiang et al., 2007; Wang et al., 2010). Distributed hydrological models, which use input parameters that directly represent land surface characteristics, hav ...
Direct and Indirect Effects of Climate Change on Amphibian
... indication of where changes in amphibian faunas might be expected to occur over the coming century. Lawler et al. [44] mapped the distributions of 1,099 restricted-range species for which they were unable to build accurate bioclimatic models. Lawler et al. [44] showed that some of the greatest impac ...
... indication of where changes in amphibian faunas might be expected to occur over the coming century. Lawler et al. [44] mapped the distributions of 1,099 restricted-range species for which they were unable to build accurate bioclimatic models. Lawler et al. [44] showed that some of the greatest impac ...
Is Strange Weather in the Air? A Study of US National Network News
... To make sense of the coverage of the different types of weather impacts over the 30year research period, scientific findings and political developments are employed to divide the period into three intervals: 1968–1979; 1980–1988; and 1989–1996. The initial interval before 1980 is designated the cont ...
... To make sense of the coverage of the different types of weather impacts over the 30year research period, scientific findings and political developments are employed to divide the period into three intervals: 1968–1979; 1980–1988; and 1989–1996. The initial interval before 1980 is designated the cont ...
Abstract Book The Human Side of Climate Change Bergen 16
... Reflecting on the ‘unusual’: Climate change narratives in decision-making about the future The experience of an extreme event can serve to open up spaces for reflection upon the nature of the event, the underpinning causes, the immediate responses and effects on longer-term decision making. Extreme ...
... Reflecting on the ‘unusual’: Climate change narratives in decision-making about the future The experience of an extreme event can serve to open up spaces for reflection upon the nature of the event, the underpinning causes, the immediate responses and effects on longer-term decision making. Extreme ...
CIAS
... assessment models to the use of different component modules, as well as to the values of uncertain parameters within the modules.. The principal advantage of the approach is that it allows the user to compose many different individual integrated model combinations. This is particularly important whe ...
... assessment models to the use of different component modules, as well as to the values of uncertain parameters within the modules.. The principal advantage of the approach is that it allows the user to compose many different individual integrated model combinations. This is particularly important whe ...
Interannual variability and expected regional climate change over
... four RCMs focusing on the Pacific North West. The recent availability of the NARCCAP dataset will certainly facilitate further studies on aspects of interannual variability. A fair question regarding advantages of using RCMs over GCMs may be raised, especially for surface temperature which evolves i ...
... four RCMs focusing on the Pacific North West. The recent availability of the NARCCAP dataset will certainly facilitate further studies on aspects of interannual variability. A fair question regarding advantages of using RCMs over GCMs may be raised, especially for surface temperature which evolves i ...
Recognitions and Responsibilities - International Research Institute
... gas emissions diffuse through the atmosphere and alter the balance between the solar energy reaching the earth and the energy radiating back out into space, so that efforts to address climate change must include the coordinated efforts of many, if not all, nations. We also recognize that many conseq ...
... gas emissions diffuse through the atmosphere and alter the balance between the solar energy reaching the earth and the energy radiating back out into space, so that efforts to address climate change must include the coordinated efforts of many, if not all, nations. We also recognize that many conseq ...
Science Communication - Hubert H. Humphrey Fellowship Program
... communities should be refined by looking at differences within the community, for example, a hierarchy between opinion leaders and followers. The concept of interpretive community may thus include journalists, sources, and audience members who are united around certain interpretations on a broader i ...
... communities should be refined by looking at differences within the community, for example, a hierarchy between opinion leaders and followers. The concept of interpretive community may thus include journalists, sources, and audience members who are united around certain interpretations on a broader i ...
trees on the move - the National Sea Grant Library
... consists of crops that people plant, we can expect that people will just try to plant them elsewhere or find a better crop for the new climate. With forest vegetation, it’s a different story. Trees can’t migrate very rapidly to the places where climate is favorable! In past ice ages, the changes in ...
... consists of crops that people plant, we can expect that people will just try to plant them elsewhere or find a better crop for the new climate. With forest vegetation, it’s a different story. Trees can’t migrate very rapidly to the places where climate is favorable! In past ice ages, the changes in ...
Modeling climate change impacts on phenology and population
... change. Indeed, species migration is a classic response to predictable seasonal or annual changes in the environment. It is implicitly tied to reproduction and is often driven by physiological and behavioral mechanisms (Ramenofsky and Wingfield, 2007). The overriding principle in developing our frame ...
... change. Indeed, species migration is a classic response to predictable seasonal or annual changes in the environment. It is implicitly tied to reproduction and is often driven by physiological and behavioral mechanisms (Ramenofsky and Wingfield, 2007). The overriding principle in developing our frame ...
litreview12forword_wm_review_9feb2012
... institution. The parametrisations also involve parameters which have been fixed based on the current scientific understanding of the process and these parameters will themselves have an associated uncertainty. One way of addressing model uncertainty is to use projections created by models from a varie ...
... institution. The parametrisations also involve parameters which have been fixed based on the current scientific understanding of the process and these parameters will themselves have an associated uncertainty. One way of addressing model uncertainty is to use projections created by models from a varie ...
CHAPTER 9 POTENTIAL CONSEQUENCES OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY AND CHANGE FOR THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST
... blister rust. Throughout the species’ range in northern Idaho more than half of the trees are dead, while infection rates of living trees are above 50% throughout Washington and Idaho,and above 20% in Oregon (Keane and Arno,1993; Kendall,1995). The region is high in biodiversity across major taxa. I ...
... blister rust. Throughout the species’ range in northern Idaho more than half of the trees are dead, while infection rates of living trees are above 50% throughout Washington and Idaho,and above 20% in Oregon (Keane and Arno,1993; Kendall,1995). The region is high in biodiversity across major taxa. I ...
Present weather and Climate: evolving Conditions
... Note: Comparison of annual and seasonal surface temperatures for the six Southwestern states, averaged for 2001–2010 versus 1901–2000, and a ranking of the 2001–2010 decadal averages relative to the ten individual decades of the twentieth century. Results shown for daily averaged, maximum, and minim ...
... Note: Comparison of annual and seasonal surface temperatures for the six Southwestern states, averaged for 2001–2010 versus 1901–2000, and a ranking of the 2001–2010 decadal averages relative to the ten individual decades of the twentieth century. Results shown for daily averaged, maximum, and minim ...
Migration in the context of vulnerability and adaptation to climate
... ith the rise of scientific evidence of anthropogenic climate change, increasingly detailed scientific inquiries have been made into potential future climatic influences on global migration patterns.1–8 Environmental changes, of which climate variability and change represent one set of examples, have ...
... ith the rise of scientific evidence of anthropogenic climate change, increasingly detailed scientific inquiries have been made into potential future climatic influences on global migration patterns.1–8 Environmental changes, of which climate variability and change represent one set of examples, have ...
Climate Change Adaptation for Smallholder Farmers in Southeast Asia
... 1.1 What is climate change? Climate change, defined as any change in the average daily weather pattern over an extended period of time (typically decades or longer) whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity (Easterling et al. 2007, IPCC 2007a), is happening now, and is alre ...
... 1.1 What is climate change? Climate change, defined as any change in the average daily weather pattern over an extended period of time (typically decades or longer) whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity (Easterling et al. 2007, IPCC 2007a), is happening now, and is alre ...
FutureMap - Committee for Melbourne
... and examine what can be done to mitigate and adapt to these impacts. It also considered what specific opportunities this might present for Melbourne. For the past 12 months, 80 of our Members – our largest ever Taskforce – have collectively volunteered thousands of hours to bring clarity to the issu ...
... and examine what can be done to mitigate and adapt to these impacts. It also considered what specific opportunities this might present for Melbourne. For the past 12 months, 80 of our Members – our largest ever Taskforce – have collectively volunteered thousands of hours to bring clarity to the issu ...