Protecting Cultural Heritage and Adapting to Climate Change
... By analysing past hydrological structures in the city of Lund, Sweden, this paper highlights the contexts in which knowledge of the dynamic landscape in its origin, and the subsequent integration of human implementation and perception, will provide a complementary guidance to sustainable planning ...
... By analysing past hydrological structures in the city of Lund, Sweden, this paper highlights the contexts in which knowledge of the dynamic landscape in its origin, and the subsequent integration of human implementation and perception, will provide a complementary guidance to sustainable planning ...
Target Atmospheric CO2: Where Should Humanity Aim?
... this century to less than the current amount, but only via prompt policy changes. 1.1. Climate sensitivity A global climate forcing, measured in W/m2 averaged over the planet, is an imposed perturbation of the planet’s energy balance. Increase of solar irradiance (So) by 2% and doubling of atmospher ...
... this century to less than the current amount, but only via prompt policy changes. 1.1. Climate sensitivity A global climate forcing, measured in W/m2 averaged over the planet, is an imposed perturbation of the planet’s energy balance. Increase of solar irradiance (So) by 2% and doubling of atmospher ...
Simulated dynamics of net primary productivity
... Between 14 and 22% of global greenhouse gases (CO2 equivalent) come from livestock activity (FAO, 2006); specifically it is accountable for 9% of the CO2 emissions (mainly due to deforestation), 37% of methane emissions (due to digestion of ruminants) and 65% of nitrous oxide (from manure). Livestoc ...
... Between 14 and 22% of global greenhouse gases (CO2 equivalent) come from livestock activity (FAO, 2006); specifically it is accountable for 9% of the CO2 emissions (mainly due to deforestation), 37% of methane emissions (due to digestion of ruminants) and 65% of nitrous oxide (from manure). Livestoc ...
Climate Change Effects on Marine and Coastal Habitats in
... This is especially true of future projections, which are often based on multi-model ensembles that do not perfectly capture the complexity of Washington’s unique climate systems and geographic variability. These projections are valuable primarily to identify a directional trend and a sense of magnit ...
... This is especially true of future projections, which are often based on multi-model ensembles that do not perfectly capture the complexity of Washington’s unique climate systems and geographic variability. These projections are valuable primarily to identify a directional trend and a sense of magnit ...
(projdoc).
... people migrating from rural communities to cities – especially young adults looking for work – as well as high urban birth rates (IUSSP 2007). Cities and towns are growing at twice the rate of the rural population and are expected to add 400 million people to Africa’s urban population over the next ...
... people migrating from rural communities to cities – especially young adults looking for work – as well as high urban birth rates (IUSSP 2007). Cities and towns are growing at twice the rate of the rural population and are expected to add 400 million people to Africa’s urban population over the next ...
Forecasting global climate change: A scientific approach Kesten C
... median reduction in forecast error from following a Golden Rule guideline, rather than common practice, is 25%. That is, error was reduced by one quarter. We found that the IPCC procedures violated all 19 of the Golden Rule guidelines that are relevant to long-term climate forecasting, including “be ...
... median reduction in forecast error from following a Golden Rule guideline, rather than common practice, is 25%. That is, error was reduced by one quarter. We found that the IPCC procedures violated all 19 of the Golden Rule guidelines that are relevant to long-term climate forecasting, including “be ...
Climate Change Resources Working Group
... The working group noted the distinction between climate change information and knowledge management, and discussed the key audiences for the climate change web portal. Further discussion will be needed on: (a) clearer identification of audience groups; (b) types of information and products; (c) capa ...
... The working group noted the distinction between climate change information and knowledge management, and discussed the key audiences for the climate change web portal. Further discussion will be needed on: (a) clearer identification of audience groups; (b) types of information and products; (c) capa ...
Modelling risk based cost analysis of port adaptation measures to
... diverse interpretations from different stakeholders and across geographical regions. Also, most ports are under financial constraints, complicating decisions about when, how and to what extent appropriate strategies and capacity investments should be committed, in order to successfully adapt to this ...
... diverse interpretations from different stakeholders and across geographical regions. Also, most ports are under financial constraints, complicating decisions about when, how and to what extent appropriate strategies and capacity investments should be committed, in order to successfully adapt to this ...
Assessment of climate change impact on hydrological extremes in
... et al., 2009). The studies used different methods for translating specified changes in climatic inputs into changes in hydrological regimes. Bias correction and applying monthly changes were among some of the methods used to generate the climate series. Afterwards, hydrological models were used to g ...
... et al., 2009). The studies used different methods for translating specified changes in climatic inputs into changes in hydrological regimes. Bias correction and applying monthly changes were among some of the methods used to generate the climate series. Afterwards, hydrological models were used to g ...
FOUNDATION PAPER |ONE CLIMATE CHANGE Victoria: the
... My projections about increasing global temperature have been proved true. But I failed to fully explore how quickly that average rise would drive an increase in extreme weather. In a new analysis of the past six decades of global temperatures, my colleagues and I have revealed a stunning increase in ...
... My projections about increasing global temperature have been proved true. But I failed to fully explore how quickly that average rise would drive an increase in extreme weather. In a new analysis of the past six decades of global temperatures, my colleagues and I have revealed a stunning increase in ...
IOC and COP21 - UNESDOC
... natural regulator of the Earth’s climate and cornerstone of the global climate system, its importance can no longer be underestimated. Ocean circulation – also known as the Ocean Conveyor Belt – connects all ocean basins (the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic and Southern). This global ocean has abs ...
... natural regulator of the Earth’s climate and cornerstone of the global climate system, its importance can no longer be underestimated. Ocean circulation – also known as the Ocean Conveyor Belt – connects all ocean basins (the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic and Southern). This global ocean has abs ...
A vulnerability driven approach to identify adverse climate and land
... information on future climate is integrated to assess the plausibility of the hydrologic indicator to transition into a vulnerable regime in the future. These bottom-up approaches are sometimes also termed decision scaling or context-first approaches. They can be used in a wide variety of problems an ...
... information on future climate is integrated to assess the plausibility of the hydrologic indicator to transition into a vulnerable regime in the future. These bottom-up approaches are sometimes also termed decision scaling or context-first approaches. They can be used in a wide variety of problems an ...
Working Group I Fifth Assessment Report
... land surface properties. Previous assessments have already shown through multiple lines of evidence that the climate is changing across our planet, largely as a result of human activities. The most compelling evidence of climate change derives from observations of the atmosphere, land, oceans, and c ...
... land surface properties. Previous assessments have already shown through multiple lines of evidence that the climate is changing across our planet, largely as a result of human activities. The most compelling evidence of climate change derives from observations of the atmosphere, land, oceans, and c ...
The Norwegian Earth System Model, NorESM1
... characteristics for how the global climate may respond to a standard specified forcing. This facilitates the comparison of climate change properties across different climate models. This section discusses results of two such experiments under the CMIP5 protocol using NorESM1-M integrated over 150 an ...
... characteristics for how the global climate may respond to a standard specified forcing. This facilitates the comparison of climate change properties across different climate models. This section discusses results of two such experiments under the CMIP5 protocol using NorESM1-M integrated over 150 an ...
United Nations Development Programme
... Livelihoods; and (3) Strengthening Climate Information and Early Warning Systems for Climate Resilient Development. http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/ourwork/environmentandenergy/focus_areas/climate_strategies.html Boots on the Ground (2010-2013): an $8.2M initiative that directly supports 26 ...
... Livelihoods; and (3) Strengthening Climate Information and Early Warning Systems for Climate Resilient Development. http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/ourwork/environmentandenergy/focus_areas/climate_strategies.html Boots on the Ground (2010-2013): an $8.2M initiative that directly supports 26 ...
Lebanon Country Report February - March 2013
... participatory tool allowing the visualization of issues to agree on means and ways to address them. The assessment tool used for this project is based on Key Experts’ analysis of the situation described in climate change relevant documentation and the results obtained during interviews and discussio ...
... participatory tool allowing the visualization of issues to agree on means and ways to address them. The assessment tool used for this project is based on Key Experts’ analysis of the situation described in climate change relevant documentation and the results obtained during interviews and discussio ...
Weathercaster Views on Informal Climate Education: Similarities
... Surveys have found that weathercaster views on climate change are diverse, with a large majority agreeing that climate change is happening but most remaining unconvinced that human activities are the principal cause. We hypothesized that these differences in climate change views could have implicati ...
... Surveys have found that weathercaster views on climate change are diverse, with a large majority agreeing that climate change is happening but most remaining unconvinced that human activities are the principal cause. We hypothesized that these differences in climate change views could have implicati ...
CLIMATE CHANGE – SCOPING THE ISSUES
... In Finland, Norway and Sweden, rain and mild weather during the winter season often prevents reindeer from accessing lichen, which is a vital food source. This has caused massive loss of reindeers. For Saami communities, reindeers are vital to their culture, subsistence and economy. This has forced ...
... In Finland, Norway and Sweden, rain and mild weather during the winter season often prevents reindeer from accessing lichen, which is a vital food source. This has caused massive loss of reindeers. For Saami communities, reindeers are vital to their culture, subsistence and economy. This has forced ...
Marine Science
... Rykaczewski and Dunne (2010) hypothesized that decreased ventilation in upwelling zones may increase production due to increased residence times (the period where producers are retained in the high production zone) and nutrient remineralization; however, we note that these benefits could be offset b ...
... Rykaczewski and Dunne (2010) hypothesized that decreased ventilation in upwelling zones may increase production due to increased residence times (the period where producers are retained in the high production zone) and nutrient remineralization; however, we note that these benefits could be offset b ...
Current and Projected Climate Change Impacts for the Colorado
... McCabe GJ, Wolock DM. 2015. Increasing Northern Hemisphere water deficit. Climatic Change 132:237–249. Topic: Climate change impacts on precipitation. The Northern Hemisphere water deficit recently (at around the year 2000) increased dramatically coinciding with a recent increase in temperature and ...
... McCabe GJ, Wolock DM. 2015. Increasing Northern Hemisphere water deficit. Climatic Change 132:237–249. Topic: Climate change impacts on precipitation. The Northern Hemisphere water deficit recently (at around the year 2000) increased dramatically coinciding with a recent increase in temperature and ...
Marine Science - Climate
... may be affected differently by changes in habitat characteristics (Petitgas et al., 2013). Moreover, in some regions, changes in temperature will be accompanied by changes in other abiotic factors. For example, expected regional changes in precipitation could lead to decreases or increases in local ...
... may be affected differently by changes in habitat characteristics (Petitgas et al., 2013). Moreover, in some regions, changes in temperature will be accompanied by changes in other abiotic factors. For example, expected regional changes in precipitation could lead to decreases or increases in local ...
Consequences of Climate Change and Variability in the for a Vulnerability Assessment
... Change (USNA) - in which we were involved-did not attempt to provide regional or even national predictions of climate change.” Later in the letter in Nature, they conclude with, “We strongly agree that much more reliable regional climate simulations and analyses are needed. However, at present,...su ...
... Change (USNA) - in which we were involved-did not attempt to provide regional or even national predictions of climate change.” Later in the letter in Nature, they conclude with, “We strongly agree that much more reliable regional climate simulations and analyses are needed. However, at present,...su ...
The Tragedy of the Risk-Perception Commons
... Controversy over climate change is commonly attributed to a deficit in public comprehension of scientific information. The most straightforward explanation is ignorance: the public knows too little science to understand the evidence or to avoid being misled by distortions of it. A subtler account pu ...
... Controversy over climate change is commonly attributed to a deficit in public comprehension of scientific information. The most straightforward explanation is ignorance: the public knows too little science to understand the evidence or to avoid being misled by distortions of it. A subtler account pu ...
The Tragedy of the Risk-Perception Commons
... Controversy over climate change is commonly attributed to a deficit in public comprehension of scientific information. The most straightforward explanation is ignorance: the public knows too little science to understand the evidence or to avoid being misled by distortions of it. A subtler account pu ...
... Controversy over climate change is commonly attributed to a deficit in public comprehension of scientific information. The most straightforward explanation is ignorance: the public knows too little science to understand the evidence or to avoid being misled by distortions of it. A subtler account pu ...
The Tragedy of the Risk
... Controversy over climate change is commonly attributed to a deficit in public comprehension of scientific information. The most straightforward explanation is ignorance: the public knows too little science to understand the evidence or to avoid being misled by distortions of it. A subtler account pu ...
... Controversy over climate change is commonly attributed to a deficit in public comprehension of scientific information. The most straightforward explanation is ignorance: the public knows too little science to understand the evidence or to avoid being misled by distortions of it. A subtler account pu ...
Michael E. Mann
Michael E. Mann (born 1965) is an American climatologist and geophysicist, currently director of the Earth System Science Center at Pennsylvania State University, who has contributed to the scientific understanding of historic climate change based on the temperature record of the past thousand years. He has pioneered techniques to find patterns in past climate change, and to isolate climate signals from ""noisy data"".As lead author of a paper produced in 1998 with co-authors Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes, Mann introduced innovative statistical techniques to find regional variations in a hemispherical climate reconstruction covering the past 600 years. In 1999 the same team used these techniques to produce a reconstruction over the past 1,000 years (MBH99) which was dubbed the ""hockey stick graph"" because of its shape. He was one of 8 lead authors of the ""Observed Climate Variability and Change"" chapter of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Third Scientific Assessment Report published in 2001. A graph based on the MBH99 paper was highlighted in several parts of the report, and was given wide publicity. The IPCC acknowledged that his work, along with that of the many other lead authors and review editors, contributed to the award of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize, which was won jointly by the IPCC and Al Gore.He was organizing committee chair for the National Academy of Sciences Frontiers of Science in 2003 and has received a number of honors and awards including selection by Scientific American as one of the fifty leading visionaries in science and technology in 2002. In 2012 he was inducted as a Fellow of the American Geophysical Union and was awarded the Hans Oeschger Medal of the European Geosciences Union. In 2013 he was elected a Fellow of the American Meteorological Society, and awarded the status of distinguished professor in Penn State's College of Earth and Mineral Sciences.Mann is author of more than 160 peer-reviewed and edited publications, and has published two books: Dire Predictions: Understanding Global Warming in 2008 and The Hockey Stick and the Climate Wars: Dispatches from the Front Lines, published in early 2012. In 2013 the European Geosciences Union described his publication record as ""outstanding for a scientist of his relatively young age"". He is also a co-founder and contributor to the climatology blog RealClimate.