North American megadroughts in the Common Era
... During the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA), Western North America experienced episodes of intense aridity that persisted for multiple decades or longer. These megadroughts are well documented in many proxy records, but the causal mechanisms are poorly understood. General circulation models (GCMs) sim ...
... During the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA), Western North America experienced episodes of intense aridity that persisted for multiple decades or longer. These megadroughts are well documented in many proxy records, but the causal mechanisms are poorly understood. General circulation models (GCMs) sim ...
Business Responses to Climate Change in Developing Countries: A
... Climate change has been one of the most pressing environmental issues facing business in the past two decade. From the mid of 1990s witnessed an increasing attention of business to climate change because it is likely to effect business on both climate change consequences and policies to address it ( ...
... Climate change has been one of the most pressing environmental issues facing business in the past two decade. From the mid of 1990s witnessed an increasing attention of business to climate change because it is likely to effect business on both climate change consequences and policies to address it ( ...
Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation in Nunavut Setting the
... reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, with the hopes that effective and timely action will be taken before impacts on our environment and way of life become too severe. Meanwhile, Nunavummiut must increase their understanding of climate change and proactively plan for the changes being brought on b ...
... reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, with the hopes that effective and timely action will be taken before impacts on our environment and way of life become too severe. Meanwhile, Nunavummiut must increase their understanding of climate change and proactively plan for the changes being brought on b ...
Perceptions of Climate Change Adaptation from the Great Lakes
... actions or policies for addressing climate change, and ~5! demographic information. The survey included both closed questions ~yes/no, multiple choice, ranking! and openended questions. So as not to influence respondents’ definition of adaptation, we did not include a definition of this term. We cre ...
... actions or policies for addressing climate change, and ~5! demographic information. The survey included both closed questions ~yes/no, multiple choice, ranking! and openended questions. So as not to influence respondents’ definition of adaptation, we did not include a definition of this term. We cre ...
Security implications of climate change in the Sahel region
... and second, significant disagreement between climate model projections for the Sahel (particularly for precipitation), with some predicting a greener Sahel and others a drier one. Both imply a significant degree of uncertainty. We also carried-out a historical analysis of 23 security events that too ...
... and second, significant disagreement between climate model projections for the Sahel (particularly for precipitation), with some predicting a greener Sahel and others a drier one. Both imply a significant degree of uncertainty. We also carried-out a historical analysis of 23 security events that too ...
climate change climate change - Toronto District School Board
... interpretation of the Focus Questions. They will pre-plan their regular daily geography lessons with an eye first and foremost on the Ontario Geography document. However, when they need an example for in-class practice and assignments to illustrate a concept, they can use climate change examples. (S ...
... interpretation of the Focus Questions. They will pre-plan their regular daily geography lessons with an eye first and foremost on the Ontario Geography document. However, when they need an example for in-class practice and assignments to illustrate a concept, they can use climate change examples. (S ...
Faculty of Science and Agriculture Dissertation submitted in partial
... are vulnerable to drought by using an improvised remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS)-based mapping approach. The research methodology was comprised of 1) assessment of vulnerability levels and 2) the calculation of established drought assessment indices comprising the Normalized D ...
... are vulnerable to drought by using an improvised remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS)-based mapping approach. The research methodology was comprised of 1) assessment of vulnerability levels and 2) the calculation of established drought assessment indices comprising the Normalized D ...
River Floods - ClimateCost
... • Under a medium-high emission baseline (A1B), with no mitigation or adaptation, the projected mean EAP affected by flooding in the EU27 is 300,000 by the 2050s (the years 2041-2070), rising to 360,000 by the 2080s (2071-2100). This includes the combined effects of socio-economic change (future pop ...
... • Under a medium-high emission baseline (A1B), with no mitigation or adaptation, the projected mean EAP affected by flooding in the EU27 is 300,000 by the 2050s (the years 2041-2070), rising to 360,000 by the 2080s (2071-2100). This includes the combined effects of socio-economic change (future pop ...
Climate Change and Conflict in the Southern Philippines
... climate change, or social, in which the capacity for individuals and societies to meet the physical challenges of climate change is low. The dissemination of climate impacts varies geographically; both in terms of the natural challenges faced and the capacity of the various populations to deal with ...
... climate change, or social, in which the capacity for individuals and societies to meet the physical challenges of climate change is low. The dissemination of climate impacts varies geographically; both in terms of the natural challenges faced and the capacity of the various populations to deal with ...
Navigating Complexity
... certain communities explicitly on account of climate change (e.g., as seen in the United States in Louisiana and Alaska) [Burkett 2016, Davenport and Robertson 2016]. These seemingly more clearly defined movements are anticipated by some to become more common as the effects of global warming acceler ...
... certain communities explicitly on account of climate change (e.g., as seen in the United States in Louisiana and Alaska) [Burkett 2016, Davenport and Robertson 2016]. These seemingly more clearly defined movements are anticipated by some to become more common as the effects of global warming acceler ...
Market and policy driven adaptation: an alternative perspective. Smart Solutions to Climate Change (opens in new window)
... Since the focus of many of these studies is on lowcost adaptation, high BCRs are not unexpected. The question is how the return on adaptation changes as we move up the adaptation cost curve and start to implement more expensive measures. A study by McKinsey and Swiss Re in eight countries confirms t ...
... Since the focus of many of these studies is on lowcost adaptation, high BCRs are not unexpected. The question is how the return on adaptation changes as we move up the adaptation cost curve and start to implement more expensive measures. A study by McKinsey and Swiss Re in eight countries confirms t ...
Media coverage of climate change: current trends, strengths
... he was “99 percent certain" that warmer temperatures were caused by the burning of fossil fuels and not solely a result of natural variation, and that “it is time to stop waffling so much and say that the evidence is pretty strong that the greenhouse effect is here” (Shabecoff 1988, A1). This dramat ...
... he was “99 percent certain" that warmer temperatures were caused by the burning of fossil fuels and not solely a result of natural variation, and that “it is time to stop waffling so much and say that the evidence is pretty strong that the greenhouse effect is here” (Shabecoff 1988, A1). This dramat ...
CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTS: AN
... vulnerability to climate change, including adaptive capacity, and the shift from estimating expected damages to attempting to reduce them. We hope that this paper improves the understanding of the main approaches to climate change vulnerability assessment and their evolution, not only within the cli ...
... vulnerability to climate change, including adaptive capacity, and the shift from estimating expected damages to attempting to reduce them. We hope that this paper improves the understanding of the main approaches to climate change vulnerability assessment and their evolution, not only within the cli ...
Assessing knowledge of social representations of climate change
... compared to other decisions which may affect their purchase decisions, what their assessment is of the potential threat climate change poses for the tourism sector, what perceptions they have of their individual or collective responsibility for this phenomenon, etc. Becken [17] has highlighted the n ...
... compared to other decisions which may affect their purchase decisions, what their assessment is of the potential threat climate change poses for the tourism sector, what perceptions they have of their individual or collective responsibility for this phenomenon, etc. Becken [17] has highlighted the n ...
Adaptation Planning – What U.S. States and Localities are Doing
... a.Developing a statewide Climate Adaptation Strategy. A Draft was released August 3, 2009 for a 45-day public comment period. Coordinated by the Resources Agency, with four other state agencies and nine other departments, six Working Groups were organized to develop the Strategy: ...
... a.Developing a statewide Climate Adaptation Strategy. A Draft was released August 3, 2009 for a 45-day public comment period. Coordinated by the Resources Agency, with four other state agencies and nine other departments, six Working Groups were organized to develop the Strategy: ...
Modeling climate change impacts on phenology and population
... to the coastal area of Tasmania after making winter northerly migrations of a 1000 km or more (Barnett et al., 2011). Migratory routes and feeding habitats of many pelagic MMS are associated with large-scale oceanic or bathymetric features; for example, running north south is the California Current ...
... to the coastal area of Tasmania after making winter northerly migrations of a 1000 km or more (Barnett et al., 2011). Migratory routes and feeding habitats of many pelagic MMS are associated with large-scale oceanic or bathymetric features; for example, running north south is the California Current ...
Climate Risk and Vulnerability Assessment
... Global climate change is relevant to the development of road transport infrastructure through concerns both with mitigation and adaptation. As road transport is a major source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally1, mitigation – “human intervention to reduce the sources or enhance the sinks of ...
... Global climate change is relevant to the development of road transport infrastructure through concerns both with mitigation and adaptation. As road transport is a major source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally1, mitigation – “human intervention to reduce the sources or enhance the sinks of ...
A Teacher`s Guide for the Video Sila Alangotok— Inuit Observations
... Climate change can be defined as “…a change in the average weather that a given region experiences” (Environment Canada, 1995, 11). Average weather includes elements such as temperature, wind patterns, and precipitation. In the media, the terms global warming and climate change are often used interc ...
... Climate change can be defined as “…a change in the average weather that a given region experiences” (Environment Canada, 1995, 11). Average weather includes elements such as temperature, wind patterns, and precipitation. In the media, the terms global warming and climate change are often used interc ...
Impacts of climate change on Australia`s World Heritage properties
... and biological diversity. There are currently 17 sites in Australia recognised by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as possessing characteristics considered to be of outstanding value to humanity. Because of their universal significance, these 17 sites are lis ...
... and biological diversity. There are currently 17 sites in Australia recognised by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as possessing characteristics considered to be of outstanding value to humanity. Because of their universal significance, these 17 sites are lis ...
Handbook for Local Elected Officials on Climate Change
... climate, it is easy to see why adapting to climate change must be an essential part of your community’s future. Staff from across all municipal departments should be involved in your adaptation process, as it should be an integrated approach to planning that examines the environmental, economic, soc ...
... climate, it is easy to see why adapting to climate change must be an essential part of your community’s future. Staff from across all municipal departments should be involved in your adaptation process, as it should be an integrated approach to planning that examines the environmental, economic, soc ...
Spain - Met Office
... studies have been carried out and published, and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has collated and reported impacts at the global and regional scales. But assessing the impacts is scientifically challenging and has, until now, been fragmented. To date, only a limited amount of in ...
... studies have been carried out and published, and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has collated and reported impacts at the global and regional scales. But assessing the impacts is scientifically challenging and has, until now, been fragmented. To date, only a limited amount of in ...
Climate Justice: Equity and Justice informing a new
... It is a contribution to the work of the Climate Justice Dialogue,2 an initiative led by the Mary Robinson Foundation – Climate Justice and the World Resources Institute, which is developing creative thinking and mobilizing demand for a people-centered climate agreement in 2015. Through the Dialogue ...
... It is a contribution to the work of the Climate Justice Dialogue,2 an initiative led by the Mary Robinson Foundation – Climate Justice and the World Resources Institute, which is developing creative thinking and mobilizing demand for a people-centered climate agreement in 2015. Through the Dialogue ...
This paper offers a unifying conceptual framework for examining the
... position of the affected people. As Skoufias (2012, p. 2) put it, “while the eyes of the world have been riveted on polar bears, Antarctic penguins, and other endangered inhabitants of the Earth’s shrinking ice caps, relatively few researchers have turned serious attention – until recent years – to ...
... position of the affected people. As Skoufias (2012, p. 2) put it, “while the eyes of the world have been riveted on polar bears, Antarctic penguins, and other endangered inhabitants of the Earth’s shrinking ice caps, relatively few researchers have turned serious attention – until recent years – to ...
ALBEDO ENHANCEMENT BY STRATOSPHERIC SULFUR
... in the understanding of the complicated earth climate system is generally slow. Therefore it is recommended to intensify research in order to challenge the climate modification idea here presented, starting with model investigations and, dependent on their outcome, followed step by step by small sca ...
... in the understanding of the complicated earth climate system is generally slow. Therefore it is recommended to intensify research in order to challenge the climate modification idea here presented, starting with model investigations and, dependent on their outcome, followed step by step by small sca ...
Pastoralism as a tool for mitigating climate change
... Are pastoralists truly at risk from Climate Change? Opinions over what the future holds in store for the world’s pastoralists are polarised, with some experts considering pastoralists to be the “canaries in the coal mine” of climate change, whilst others consider that, since pastoralism is an adapta ...
... Are pastoralists truly at risk from Climate Change? Opinions over what the future holds in store for the world’s pastoralists are polarised, with some experts considering pastoralists to be the “canaries in the coal mine” of climate change, whilst others consider that, since pastoralism is an adapta ...
Michael E. Mann
Michael E. Mann (born 1965) is an American climatologist and geophysicist, currently director of the Earth System Science Center at Pennsylvania State University, who has contributed to the scientific understanding of historic climate change based on the temperature record of the past thousand years. He has pioneered techniques to find patterns in past climate change, and to isolate climate signals from ""noisy data"".As lead author of a paper produced in 1998 with co-authors Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes, Mann introduced innovative statistical techniques to find regional variations in a hemispherical climate reconstruction covering the past 600 years. In 1999 the same team used these techniques to produce a reconstruction over the past 1,000 years (MBH99) which was dubbed the ""hockey stick graph"" because of its shape. He was one of 8 lead authors of the ""Observed Climate Variability and Change"" chapter of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Third Scientific Assessment Report published in 2001. A graph based on the MBH99 paper was highlighted in several parts of the report, and was given wide publicity. The IPCC acknowledged that his work, along with that of the many other lead authors and review editors, contributed to the award of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize, which was won jointly by the IPCC and Al Gore.He was organizing committee chair for the National Academy of Sciences Frontiers of Science in 2003 and has received a number of honors and awards including selection by Scientific American as one of the fifty leading visionaries in science and technology in 2002. In 2012 he was inducted as a Fellow of the American Geophysical Union and was awarded the Hans Oeschger Medal of the European Geosciences Union. In 2013 he was elected a Fellow of the American Meteorological Society, and awarded the status of distinguished professor in Penn State's College of Earth and Mineral Sciences.Mann is author of more than 160 peer-reviewed and edited publications, and has published two books: Dire Predictions: Understanding Global Warming in 2008 and The Hockey Stick and the Climate Wars: Dispatches from the Front Lines, published in early 2012. In 2013 the European Geosciences Union described his publication record as ""outstanding for a scientist of his relatively young age"". He is also a co-founder and contributor to the climatology blog RealClimate.