Assimilating urban heat island effects into climate projections
... An urban heat island (UHI) effect is identified in Reno, Nevada by analyzing regional temperature trends calculated from seven long-term observation stations for the summer and winter seasons between 1950 and 2014. The UHI is maximized during summer (JuneeAugust) and characterized by asymmetric incre ...
... An urban heat island (UHI) effect is identified in Reno, Nevada by analyzing regional temperature trends calculated from seven long-term observation stations for the summer and winter seasons between 1950 and 2014. The UHI is maximized during summer (JuneeAugust) and characterized by asymmetric incre ...
Climate Change: Top 10 Precepts for U.S. Foreign Policy
... would provide the impetus to develop the necessary domestic policies. In retrospect, this was a fundamental miscalculation. Perhaps such an approach would work for comparatively small states. But for the United States, causation typically operates in the opposite direction: effective foreign policy ...
... would provide the impetus to develop the necessary domestic policies. In retrospect, this was a fundamental miscalculation. Perhaps such an approach would work for comparatively small states. But for the United States, causation typically operates in the opposite direction: effective foreign policy ...
Rethinking wedges
... concentrations among eleven Earth system models that were driven by a certain CO2 emission scenario [26]. However, this strong positive climate/carbon cycle feedback operates in simulations of both the A2 and wedge (W7 and W9) scenarios. Therefore, the relative effect of wedges, as opposed to the ab ...
... concentrations among eleven Earth system models that were driven by a certain CO2 emission scenario [26]. However, this strong positive climate/carbon cycle feedback operates in simulations of both the A2 and wedge (W7 and W9) scenarios. Therefore, the relative effect of wedges, as opposed to the ab ...
Adaptive Response Framework for Drinking Water
... “climate ready.” This Framework supports and guides utilities as they learn about and pursue management techniques and adaptive actions that can be implemented to build climate readiness. The Framework is described in the Climate Ready Water Utilities report, developed by the National Drinking Water ...
... “climate ready.” This Framework supports and guides utilities as they learn about and pursue management techniques and adaptive actions that can be implemented to build climate readiness. The Framework is described in the Climate Ready Water Utilities report, developed by the National Drinking Water ...
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... one of 27 chapters of what is generally seen as an authoritative report, the Stern Review had a powerful effect on governments. It forcefully made the argument that, globally, policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions will be in the interest of economic growth rather than hampering it: though it r ...
... one of 27 chapters of what is generally seen as an authoritative report, the Stern Review had a powerful effect on governments. It forcefully made the argument that, globally, policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions will be in the interest of economic growth rather than hampering it: though it r ...
Climatic change in mountain regions: a review of
... climatic (e.g., CO2, radiation) and environmental factors, such as differences in soil types. In some mountain regions, it has been shown that there is an elevation dependency on temperature trends and anomalies (e.g., Beniston and Rebetez, 1996 for the Alps; Giorgi et al., 1997), a feature that is ...
... climatic (e.g., CO2, radiation) and environmental factors, such as differences in soil types. In some mountain regions, it has been shown that there is an elevation dependency on temperature trends and anomalies (e.g., Beniston and Rebetez, 1996 for the Alps; Giorgi et al., 1997), a feature that is ...
Inuit women and environmental change: examining experiences
... studies. My conceptual framework is centered on the Vulnerability Approach of Ford and Smit (2004), with the Moser Framework (1993) and the Capabilities and Vulnerabilities Framework of Anderson and Woodrow (1989). Together, these frameworks will help to contextualize the different factors that impa ...
... studies. My conceptual framework is centered on the Vulnerability Approach of Ford and Smit (2004), with the Moser Framework (1993) and the Capabilities and Vulnerabilities Framework of Anderson and Woodrow (1989). Together, these frameworks will help to contextualize the different factors that impa ...
Climate Change and International Relations Theory: Northeast Asia as a Case Study
... theory. A general assumption holds that the anarchic international system of competing sovereign states who are unitary, rational actors. This view, however, disregards the fact that the anarchic system of sovereign states is itself housed within the wider structure of the Earth’s biosphere. How the ...
... theory. A general assumption holds that the anarchic international system of competing sovereign states who are unitary, rational actors. This view, however, disregards the fact that the anarchic system of sovereign states is itself housed within the wider structure of the Earth’s biosphere. How the ...
Global Warming: Forecasts by Scientists versus Scientific Forecasts
... “America in Longest Warm Spell Since 1776” ...
... “America in Longest Warm Spell Since 1776” ...
EUROSION_Climate Change and Coastal and Beach Management
... CoPraNet Project part-funded by the European Union ...
... CoPraNet Project part-funded by the European Union ...
Final qualitative report
... As a result of the personal experience for many people over recent years of cost of living increases driven (largely) by rising electricity prices, plus a focus on carbon emissions from energy production as an assumed focus of the carbon tax, top of mind associations with the carbon tax are predom ...
... As a result of the personal experience for many people over recent years of cost of living increases driven (largely) by rising electricity prices, plus a focus on carbon emissions from energy production as an assumed focus of the carbon tax, top of mind associations with the carbon tax are predom ...
Full Paper - Agronomy 2015
... wheatbelt. Coupled with the continued increase in demand for this crop due to rising populations and living standards, climate change may significantly impact the Australian wheat industry. The lead times involved in adapting cultivars and management practices mean that planning for adaptation must ...
... wheatbelt. Coupled with the continued increase in demand for this crop due to rising populations and living standards, climate change may significantly impact the Australian wheat industry. The lead times involved in adapting cultivars and management practices mean that planning for adaptation must ...
A. Proposal Cover Page and Summary Project title: Natural
... changes in climate variables might directly or indirectly influence selected targets, for each of 2-3 representative scenarios of future climate change. Models also consider how human responses to climate change (e.g. thinning of forests to address changing fire regimes) might influence conservation ...
... changes in climate variables might directly or indirectly influence selected targets, for each of 2-3 representative scenarios of future climate change. Models also consider how human responses to climate change (e.g. thinning of forests to address changing fire regimes) might influence conservation ...
Greenhouse Gas Removal
... Afforestation/Reforestation (AR) This refers to planting trees or managing existing forests to increase the amount of CO2 stored in vegetation. They could also aid biodiversity (if using mixed, native species), conserve ecosystems and restore natural forest habitats.9,10 Estimates of the negative em ...
... Afforestation/Reforestation (AR) This refers to planting trees or managing existing forests to increase the amount of CO2 stored in vegetation. They could also aid biodiversity (if using mixed, native species), conserve ecosystems and restore natural forest habitats.9,10 Estimates of the negative em ...
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... upward or downward trend of the variable of notice over time. The analysis results indicates that most of the station’s consecutive annual precipitation years are positively related (Table 2). A description of the applied statistical test results are presented in (Table 2). Statistically, significan ...
... upward or downward trend of the variable of notice over time. The analysis results indicates that most of the station’s consecutive annual precipitation years are positively related (Table 2). A description of the applied statistical test results are presented in (Table 2). Statistically, significan ...
Usable Science? The UK Climate Projections 2009
... undertakers’’ (e.g., utility companies and harbor authorities) to report on the risks and benefits posed by changes in climate and how they plan to adapt to them (Defra 2011a). In addition, the Act requires the Government to undertake a U.K.-wide Climate Change Risk Assessment every five years (the ...
... undertakers’’ (e.g., utility companies and harbor authorities) to report on the risks and benefits posed by changes in climate and how they plan to adapt to them (Defra 2011a). In addition, the Act requires the Government to undertake a U.K.-wide Climate Change Risk Assessment every five years (the ...
china book final:china book final
... • suggest desirable and practical adaptation options and/or policies to handle climate change impacts effectively and to ensure sustainable development; • train and enable scientists in the region to design and apply IA methods in a real world context; and • prepare a final report of the project and ...
... • suggest desirable and practical adaptation options and/or policies to handle climate change impacts effectively and to ensure sustainable development; • train and enable scientists in the region to design and apply IA methods in a real world context; and • prepare a final report of the project and ...
Impact of Climate Change on Annual Cooling and
... in heating seasons (1.51 ℃). Regarding water vapor pressure, the seasonal average bias is positive (0.57 hPa) in cooling seasons and slightly negative (-0.05 hPa) in heating seasons. As for solar radiation, the bias in cooling seasons (4.90 MJ) is larger than that in heating seasons (1.44 MJ). In fu ...
... in heating seasons (1.51 ℃). Regarding water vapor pressure, the seasonal average bias is positive (0.57 hPa) in cooling seasons and slightly negative (-0.05 hPa) in heating seasons. As for solar radiation, the bias in cooling seasons (4.90 MJ) is larger than that in heating seasons (1.44 MJ). In fu ...
A Climate Chronology - University of Maine
... National Climate Program Act of 1978, Pub. L. 95-367, https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/STATUTE92/pdf/STATUTE-92-Pg601.pdf ...
... National Climate Program Act of 1978, Pub. L. 95-367, https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/STATUTE92/pdf/STATUTE-92-Pg601.pdf ...
Evolutionary and plastic responses of freshwater invertebrates to
... freshwater invertebrates and not in the context of climate change. Yet, both a higher salinity and a shorter hydroperiod are potentially strong selective pressures that may cause local extinctions (Wellborn et al. 1996; Halse et al. 2003; Loureiro et al. 2013). The typical responses of freshwater in ...
... freshwater invertebrates and not in the context of climate change. Yet, both a higher salinity and a shorter hydroperiod are potentially strong selective pressures that may cause local extinctions (Wellborn et al. 1996; Halse et al. 2003; Loureiro et al. 2013). The typical responses of freshwater in ...
4B.4 IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND WEATHER ON
... Specific types of short term weather conditions affect CMVs crash conditions, driver decision making, dispatchers, and state highway officials. Climate impacts include the longer term effects on safety, infrastructure and vehicles of larger, more frequent or more intense storms, precipitation and wi ...
... Specific types of short term weather conditions affect CMVs crash conditions, driver decision making, dispatchers, and state highway officials. Climate impacts include the longer term effects on safety, infrastructure and vehicles of larger, more frequent or more intense storms, precipitation and wi ...
Implications of global warming for the climate of African rainforests
... mean. This means there is inter-model agreement that dry seasons will intensify in regions where models agree that there will be no significant change averaged across the annual cycle (grey area in figure 1b), or disagree in the direction of mean change (white area in figure 1b). Therefore, even whe ...
... mean. This means there is inter-model agreement that dry seasons will intensify in regions where models agree that there will be no significant change averaged across the annual cycle (grey area in figure 1b), or disagree in the direction of mean change (white area in figure 1b). Therefore, even whe ...
The ecosystem-service chain and the biological diversity crisis
... to lose biodiversity at an alarming rate for those metrics for which we have data (e.g. fish stocks, where only data for commercial fisheries are available). We lack a system for quantifying the status of most dimensions of biodiversity, so it is difficult to see how much on track we are for achievi ...
... to lose biodiversity at an alarming rate for those metrics for which we have data (e.g. fish stocks, where only data for commercial fisheries are available). We lack a system for quantifying the status of most dimensions of biodiversity, so it is difficult to see how much on track we are for achievi ...
Indigenous Australians` knowledge of weather and climate
... manner, Indigenous knowledge can serve to complement climate change science in a number of ways. In the Canadian Arctic for example, local, land-based expertise and community-based assessments undertaken by Indigenous communities have provided observations, predictions and explanations of climate ch ...
... manner, Indigenous knowledge can serve to complement climate change science in a number of ways. In the Canadian Arctic for example, local, land-based expertise and community-based assessments undertaken by Indigenous communities have provided observations, predictions and explanations of climate ch ...
Scientific aspects - Wageningen UR E
... process studies (ICE2SEA).It follows naturally on these and existing programs in which the leading scientists are involved. The analysis of uncertainties is key to the evaluation of model output, which is organized through WCRP (CMIP5, CORDEX). New methodologies are propagated by WCRP as well, for i ...
... process studies (ICE2SEA).It follows naturally on these and existing programs in which the leading scientists are involved. The analysis of uncertainties is key to the evaluation of model output, which is organized through WCRP (CMIP5, CORDEX). New methodologies are propagated by WCRP as well, for i ...
Fred Singer
Siegfried Fred Singer (born September 27, 1924) is an Austrian-born American physicist and emeritus professor of environmental science at the University of Virginia. Singer trained as an atmospheric physicist and is known for his work in space research, atmospheric pollution, rocket and satellite technology, his questioning of the link between UV-B and melanoma rates, and that between CFCs and stratospheric ozone loss, his public denial of the health risks of passive smoking, and as an advocate for climate change denial. He is the author or editor of several books including Global Effects of Environmental Pollution (1970), The Ocean in Human Affairs (1989), Global Climate Change (1989), The Greenhouse Debate Continued (1992), and Hot Talk, Cold Science (1997). He has also co-authored Unstoppable Global Warming: Every 1,500 Years (2007) with Dennis Avery, and Climate Change Reconsidered (2009) with Craig Idso.Singer has had a varied career, serving in the armed forces, government, and academia. He designed mines for the U.S. Navy during World War II, before obtaining his Ph.D. in physics from Princeton University in 1948 and working as a scientific liaison officer in the U.S. Embassy in London. He became a leading figure in early space research, was involved in the development of earth observation satellites, and in 1962 established the National Weather Bureau's Satellite Service Center. He was the founding dean of the University of Miami School of Environmental and Planetary Sciences in 1964, and held several government positions, including deputy assistant administrator for the Environmental Protection Agency, and chief scientist for the Department of Transportation. He held a professorship with the University of Virginia from 1971 until 1994, and with George Mason University until 2000.In 1990 Singer founded the Science & Environmental Policy Project to advocate for climate change denial, and in 2006 was named by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation as one of a minority of scientists said to be creating a stand-off on a consensus on climate change. Singer argues there is no evidence that global warming is attributable to human-caused increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide, and that humanity would benefit if temperatures do rise.He is an opponent of the Kyoto Protocol, and has claimed climate models as not based on reality, and not evidence. Singer has been accused of rejecting peer-reviewed and independently confirmed scientific evidence in his claims concerning public health and environmental issues.