Parameterization of Snow Albedo
... - Detailed offline DISORT calculations at 280 wavelengths. Results averaged over CCCma solar radiation bands - Total albedo for each band is weighted average (based on incident radiation) of direct and diffuse albedo ...
... - Detailed offline DISORT calculations at 280 wavelengths. Results averaged over CCCma solar radiation bands - Total albedo for each band is weighted average (based on incident radiation) of direct and diffuse albedo ...
Perth and Kinross pilot project
... will have a direct impact on Perth and Kinross, Dundee, Angus and North and East Fife. Equally important, however, will be the way in which we respond to climate change – by adapting to the changing climate and through measures to reduce carbon emissions. ...
... will have a direct impact on Perth and Kinross, Dundee, Angus and North and East Fife. Equally important, however, will be the way in which we respond to climate change – by adapting to the changing climate and through measures to reduce carbon emissions. ...
The Politics of Climate Change - Julie Trepeck & Leah Trachtman
... pulled out of the Coalition – We need to encourage companies that by staying in an being involved with the Coalition will affect their images and cause consumers to boycott their products – Many companies have begun to promise to help reduce emissions and take other steps to help tackle climate chan ...
... pulled out of the Coalition – We need to encourage companies that by staying in an being involved with the Coalition will affect their images and cause consumers to boycott their products – Many companies have begun to promise to help reduce emissions and take other steps to help tackle climate chan ...
Identifying the Win:Win Actions
... Agenda 21, local Climate Change Action Plan) were considered. • Good example of effective co-management through the AQAP process and identification of synergistic and antagonistic options. • AQAP was integrated into the Local Transport Plan in which air quality was one of four shared key priorities ...
... Agenda 21, local Climate Change Action Plan) were considered. • Good example of effective co-management through the AQAP process and identification of synergistic and antagonistic options. • AQAP was integrated into the Local Transport Plan in which air quality was one of four shared key priorities ...
National Action Programme on Climate Change
... two projects, a consultative meeting was organized by MNET in February 2011 inviting representatives of SDC and ADB. As a results of coordination between two projects, it was decided to: 1. establish a Joint Steering Committee 2. establish Joint National Consultant Teams 3. establish a Joint Project ...
... two projects, a consultative meeting was organized by MNET in February 2011 inviting representatives of SDC and ADB. As a results of coordination between two projects, it was decided to: 1. establish a Joint Steering Committee 2. establish Joint National Consultant Teams 3. establish a Joint Project ...
IPCC Factsheet: Timeline – highlights of IPCC history
... 1995: The Science of Climate Change; Working Group II – Climate Change 1995: Impacts, Adaptations and Mitigation of Climate Change: Scientific-Technical Analyses; Working Group III – Climate Change 1995: Economic and Social Dimensions of Climate Change; IPCC Second Assessment: Climate Change 1995 (i ...
... 1995: The Science of Climate Change; Working Group II – Climate Change 1995: Impacts, Adaptations and Mitigation of Climate Change: Scientific-Technical Analyses; Working Group III – Climate Change 1995: Economic and Social Dimensions of Climate Change; IPCC Second Assessment: Climate Change 1995 (i ...
Climate change could worsen African `megadroughts`
... But it is a subject of debate, he says, whether the changes in temperature gradient that caused the Sahel drought were due to natural variability of the oceans or were partly the result of man-made changes in the composition of the atmosphere. There is as yet no consensus among climate modelers on t ...
... But it is a subject of debate, he says, whether the changes in temperature gradient that caused the Sahel drought were due to natural variability of the oceans or were partly the result of man-made changes in the composition of the atmosphere. There is as yet no consensus among climate modelers on t ...
The Global Climate Change Lab
... Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change: The Earth’s Climate system is complex. It is not only affected by what happens in the atmosphere, but in the cryosphere (sea ice, glaciers, ice caps, river and lake ice, snow, and frozen ground,) the oceans, the geosphere (land areas) and the biosphere. The inter ...
... Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change: The Earth’s Climate system is complex. It is not only affected by what happens in the atmosphere, but in the cryosphere (sea ice, glaciers, ice caps, river and lake ice, snow, and frozen ground,) the oceans, the geosphere (land areas) and the biosphere. The inter ...
Hintergrundinformationen
... energy efficiency and emissions reduction measures; commit to major efforts to develop renewable sources of energy, create a low-carbon economy, and follow a path of sustainable development. The government should prevent and minimise the negative impact on society and the environment when adopting p ...
... energy efficiency and emissions reduction measures; commit to major efforts to develop renewable sources of energy, create a low-carbon economy, and follow a path of sustainable development. The government should prevent and minimise the negative impact on society and the environment when adopting p ...
Climate Change Mitigation Within The Project Financing Sector
... has been a dominant cause for climate change and imposes risks on all components of the climate system. In recent decades, climate change has adversely impacted human life and natural systems on all continents and across the oceans. Scientists believe climate change will become more severe unless sp ...
... has been a dominant cause for climate change and imposes risks on all components of the climate system. In recent decades, climate change has adversely impacted human life and natural systems on all continents and across the oceans. Scientists believe climate change will become more severe unless sp ...
- International Journal of Health Policy and Management
... Those natural fluctuations are always present, but they have predominantly different causes from the amplified ‘greenhouse’ forcing that humans are now causing. The natural influences on climate include variations in solar activity, volcanic activity, and natural oscillations of regional climatic sy ...
... Those natural fluctuations are always present, but they have predominantly different causes from the amplified ‘greenhouse’ forcing that humans are now causing. The natural influences on climate include variations in solar activity, volcanic activity, and natural oscillations of regional climatic sy ...
W16IntroCSPsyllabus R5
... Dale Jamieson, Reason in a dark time: Why the Struggle against Climate Change Failed—and what it means for our future, Oxford University Press, 2014. Dale Jamieson, Ethics and the Environment (Cambridge University Press, 2008). Christopher F. Jones, Routes of Power: Energy and Modern America (Cambri ...
... Dale Jamieson, Reason in a dark time: Why the Struggle against Climate Change Failed—and what it means for our future, Oxford University Press, 2014. Dale Jamieson, Ethics and the Environment (Cambridge University Press, 2008). Christopher F. Jones, Routes of Power: Energy and Modern America (Cambri ...
Climate Change and Extreme Weather
... makes it difficult to say how drought risk may change in other regions. FLOODS A lack of sufficient evidence and model agreement makes it difficult to say what may happen globally in terms of flood magnitude and frequency, but scientists at least expect that heavy precipitation events will contribut ...
... makes it difficult to say how drought risk may change in other regions. FLOODS A lack of sufficient evidence and model agreement makes it difficult to say what may happen globally in terms of flood magnitude and frequency, but scientists at least expect that heavy precipitation events will contribut ...
Climate Change
... Climate models and their predictions. – The initial conditions have to be fed into the model and then it generates weather and climate patterns over hours, days, years or centuries! – Here is the result of one: ...
... Climate models and their predictions. – The initial conditions have to be fed into the model and then it generates weather and climate patterns over hours, days, years or centuries! – Here is the result of one: ...
Statement of John Anugraha, the UN
... citizens, the industry and most importantly the scientific fraternity which needs to provide reliable information based upon which sound and timely decisions can be made by the concerned authorities. Cooperation, understanding between each other and solidarity must be the rule. Young people, represe ...
... citizens, the industry and most importantly the scientific fraternity which needs to provide reliable information based upon which sound and timely decisions can be made by the concerned authorities. Cooperation, understanding between each other and solidarity must be the rule. Young people, represe ...
Climate Modeling
... •Coriolis force and location of land affect current pattern •Clockwise in NH, anticlockwise in SH The water of the ocean surface moves in a regular pattern called surface ocean currents. The currents are named. In this map, warm currents are shown I n red and cold currents are shown in blue. ...
... •Coriolis force and location of land affect current pattern •Clockwise in NH, anticlockwise in SH The water of the ocean surface moves in a regular pattern called surface ocean currents. The currents are named. In this map, warm currents are shown I n red and cold currents are shown in blue. ...
Lecture9 EU climate change
... “Climate change is a moral problem. The main reason to reduce greenhouse gas emissions is a concern for faraway lands (Schelling 2000), distant futures (Nordhaus 1982), and remote probabilities (Weitzman 2009). The people who emit most are least affected by climate change, and the benefits of their ...
... “Climate change is a moral problem. The main reason to reduce greenhouse gas emissions is a concern for faraway lands (Schelling 2000), distant futures (Nordhaus 1982), and remote probabilities (Weitzman 2009). The people who emit most are least affected by climate change, and the benefits of their ...
The Pontifical Academies
... 3-D colour models of today. • More importantly, the global population in absolute poverty declined from 53% to 17% between 1981 and 2011.20 There were about 847 million fewer people living in absolute poverty in 2011 than in 1981, although the population of the developing world increased by 2.5 bill ...
... 3-D colour models of today. • More importantly, the global population in absolute poverty declined from 53% to 17% between 1981 and 2011.20 There were about 847 million fewer people living in absolute poverty in 2011 than in 1981, although the population of the developing world increased by 2.5 bill ...
November 2010 - Climate change - evidence from the geological
... oscillations on the scale of a few years1,18. What is the Greenhouse Effect? The Greenhouse Effect arises because certain gases (the so-called greenhouse gases) in the atmosphere absorb the long wavelength infrared radiation emitted by the Earth’s surface and re-radiate it, so warming the atmosphere ...
... oscillations on the scale of a few years1,18. What is the Greenhouse Effect? The Greenhouse Effect arises because certain gases (the so-called greenhouse gases) in the atmosphere absorb the long wavelength infrared radiation emitted by the Earth’s surface and re-radiate it, so warming the atmosphere ...
Introduction to components of climate science
... Students will be divided into groups and each group will be given a broad topic to work on. For example Carbon budgeting/ocean circulations/atmospheric processes and properties/Cloud physics and chemistry and Research paper reading and discussions Symposium on latest work in the related areas Pr ...
... Students will be divided into groups and each group will be given a broad topic to work on. For example Carbon budgeting/ocean circulations/atmospheric processes and properties/Cloud physics and chemistry and Research paper reading and discussions Symposium on latest work in the related areas Pr ...
IPCC launches complete Synthesis Report
... IPCC reports are requested by the member governments and developed by authors drawn from the scientific community in an extensive process of repeated drafting and review. Scientists and other experts participate in this review process through a self-declaration of expertise. The Panel endorses these ...
... IPCC reports are requested by the member governments and developed by authors drawn from the scientific community in an extensive process of repeated drafting and review. Scientists and other experts participate in this review process through a self-declaration of expertise. The Panel endorses these ...
Climate Access Roundtable Friday, April 11, 2014
... NCA/IPCC Comparison • Both reports assess existing science and involve extensive input from the scientific community, as well as input from NGOs and leaders in business and industry. Similarities in findings (based on the 2013 Draft NCA) include: – Climate change is occurring now, and it is occurri ...
... NCA/IPCC Comparison • Both reports assess existing science and involve extensive input from the scientific community, as well as input from NGOs and leaders in business and industry. Similarities in findings (based on the 2013 Draft NCA) include: – Climate change is occurring now, and it is occurri ...
Ppt - WMO
... • However, they need not become disasters because it is possible to to be prepared for them (especially drought hazards) • Often, they turn into disasters – Famine and crop failure – Deaths (humans and livestock) – Adverse economic impacts and impoverishment – Conflicts • All because climate and wea ...
... • However, they need not become disasters because it is possible to to be prepared for them (especially drought hazards) • Often, they turn into disasters – Famine and crop failure – Deaths (humans and livestock) – Adverse economic impacts and impoverishment – Conflicts • All because climate and wea ...
Climate change and EUs 2015 international agreement on
... perceived as equitable and fair and that are collectively sufficient avoiding any shortfall in ambition? How can the 2015 Agreement capture particular opportunities with respect to specific sectors? What should be the role of the 2015 Agreement in addressing the adaptation challenge and how should t ...
... perceived as equitable and fair and that are collectively sufficient avoiding any shortfall in ambition? How can the 2015 Agreement capture particular opportunities with respect to specific sectors? What should be the role of the 2015 Agreement in addressing the adaptation challenge and how should t ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.