Now more than ever: The need for more societally
... scientific capacity, technical expertise and widespread, [decision] scale-relevant climate change and vulnerability information,’’ thus producing a situation where the US at this time is rapidly entering ‘‘into an era of climate change consequences for which the country is ill-equipped’’ (Moser, 2009 ...
... scientific capacity, technical expertise and widespread, [decision] scale-relevant climate change and vulnerability information,’’ thus producing a situation where the US at this time is rapidly entering ‘‘into an era of climate change consequences for which the country is ill-equipped’’ (Moser, 2009 ...
adaptation
... only be: – $100 – 500 million USD per year for a low demand; – $1 –5 Billion USD per year for a high demand. However, I&FF needed for adaptation are likely to be tens of billions (USD) per year several decades from now. New sources of funding need to be identified. Although additional I&FF needed fo ...
... only be: – $100 – 500 million USD per year for a low demand; – $1 –5 Billion USD per year for a high demand. However, I&FF needed for adaptation are likely to be tens of billions (USD) per year several decades from now. New sources of funding need to be identified. Although additional I&FF needed fo ...
A Climate Chronology - University of Maine
... contribution from the inorganic world. Thus today man by his own activities is increasing the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere at the rate of 30 per cent a century….Even if there may be some question as to whether or not the general amelioration of the climate in the last fifty years has really been ...
... contribution from the inorganic world. Thus today man by his own activities is increasing the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere at the rate of 30 per cent a century….Even if there may be some question as to whether or not the general amelioration of the climate in the last fifty years has really been ...
MEECS Climate Change Unit Introduction
... provide students with the understanding they need to make decisions, not to tell them which decisions to make. Climate change is an especially difficult topic to teach because so much of the data is not directly observable. In addition, measuring climate change is difficult because change happens ov ...
... provide students with the understanding they need to make decisions, not to tell them which decisions to make. Climate change is an especially difficult topic to teach because so much of the data is not directly observable. In addition, measuring climate change is difficult because change happens ov ...
McCaffery 2010
... estimates of λ, population size fluctuated considerably among years, with some large increases in population size between years. Therefore, our asymptotic analyses do not capture the range of stochastic fluctuations observed in the field. For example, it may be that population dynamics are partly drive ...
... estimates of λ, population size fluctuated considerably among years, with some large increases in population size between years. Therefore, our asymptotic analyses do not capture the range of stochastic fluctuations observed in the field. For example, it may be that population dynamics are partly drive ...
Reshaping the Debate on Climate Change A lecture by Mary Robinson,
... Inuit groups in Alaska and Northern Canada testified in a legal brief taken to a regional human rights tribunal the Inter-American Commission to the degree to which their lifestyles had already been impacted by changing coastlines and the altered migratory patterns of fish and animals. These Inuit a ...
... Inuit groups in Alaska and Northern Canada testified in a legal brief taken to a regional human rights tribunal the Inter-American Commission to the degree to which their lifestyles had already been impacted by changing coastlines and the altered migratory patterns of fish and animals. These Inuit a ...
Climate notes
... long-lasting effects that may make the survival of life on Earth more difficult for both humans and other species. • Some of these potential climate changes include global warming, sea-level changes, and changes in precipitation. Chapter menu ...
... long-lasting effects that may make the survival of life on Earth more difficult for both humans and other species. • Some of these potential climate changes include global warming, sea-level changes, and changes in precipitation. Chapter menu ...
OSS Introductory note 1 on climate change adaptation and fight against desertification, OSS and GIZ, 2007
... _0_240807_NA-AM_2e-ed-Ang.qxp ...
... _0_240807_NA-AM_2e-ed-Ang.qxp ...
The pathological history of weather and climate
... Espy viewed the atmosphere as a giant heat engine. According to his thermal theory of storms, all atmospheric disturbances, from thunderstorms to winter storms, are driven by heated updrafts, inwardly rushing air currents, and the release of latent heat. His theory, published as The philosophy of st ...
... Espy viewed the atmosphere as a giant heat engine. According to his thermal theory of storms, all atmospheric disturbances, from thunderstorms to winter storms, are driven by heated updrafts, inwardly rushing air currents, and the release of latent heat. His theory, published as The philosophy of st ...
Climate Change and the Past, Present and Future of Biotic Interactions
... underlying processes. Based on these findings, we identify knowledge gaps and fruitful areas for research that will further our understanding of the effects of climate change on ecosystems. limate change has occurred repeatedly throughout Earth’s history, but the recent rate of warming far exceeds t ...
... underlying processes. Based on these findings, we identify knowledge gaps and fruitful areas for research that will further our understanding of the effects of climate change on ecosystems. limate change has occurred repeatedly throughout Earth’s history, but the recent rate of warming far exceeds t ...
Comments on EPA/NHTSA proposed rule on tailpipe standards [get
... temperatures. On very thin evidence, Nordhaus assumes that most people in the world would be willing to pay for a warmer climate; he concludes that the optimum temperature is a year-round average of 20oC (68oF) – which is the temperature of Houston or New Orleans, and far above the current global av ...
... temperatures. On very thin evidence, Nordhaus assumes that most people in the world would be willing to pay for a warmer climate; he concludes that the optimum temperature is a year-round average of 20oC (68oF) – which is the temperature of Houston or New Orleans, and far above the current global av ...
Proposal for the creation of a poverty-adaptation - Hal-SHS
... 2007b, p. 695): actions limiting GHG emissions may generate development co-benefits, while well-tailored sustainable development strategies may contribute to climate mitigation. A triangular relationship has even formed between climate change and sustainable development since the mid-2000s, with cli ...
... 2007b, p. 695): actions limiting GHG emissions may generate development co-benefits, while well-tailored sustainable development strategies may contribute to climate mitigation. A triangular relationship has even formed between climate change and sustainable development since the mid-2000s, with cli ...
Multilateral Climate Change Mitigation
... Hansen points out that "[w]e have to stabilize emissions of carbon dioxide within a decade, or temperatures will warm by more than one degree. That will be warmer than it has been for half a million years, and many things could become unstoppable."30 He concludes that we must proceed with mitigation ...
... Hansen points out that "[w]e have to stabilize emissions of carbon dioxide within a decade, or temperatures will warm by more than one degree. That will be warmer than it has been for half a million years, and many things could become unstoppable."30 He concludes that we must proceed with mitigation ...
Proposal for a poverty-adaptation-mitigation window - HAL
... 2007b, p. 695): actions limiting GHG emissions may generate development co-benefits, while well-tailored sustainable development strategies may contribute to climate mitigation. A triangular relationship has even formed between climate change and sustainable development since the mid-2000s, with cli ...
... 2007b, p. 695): actions limiting GHG emissions may generate development co-benefits, while well-tailored sustainable development strategies may contribute to climate mitigation. A triangular relationship has even formed between climate change and sustainable development since the mid-2000s, with cli ...
People as sensors: Mass media and local temperature influence
... 0959-3780/ß 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ...
... 0959-3780/ß 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ...
mobilising climate finance
... and Governor of the Bank of England, subsequently identified direct risks to insurance companies from extreme weather events, liability claims for losses caused by climate change and transition risks, primarily from stranded assets. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) had estimated ...
... and Governor of the Bank of England, subsequently identified direct risks to insurance companies from extreme weather events, liability claims for losses caused by climate change and transition risks, primarily from stranded assets. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) had estimated ...
i3084e01
... Agricultural Outlook is probably the best known example of this, but there are many other fields in which we work together. The Joint Working Party of OECD on Agriculture and Environment has been a pioneer in linking agriculture and environment from an economic and policy perspective. The work of yo ...
... Agricultural Outlook is probably the best known example of this, but there are many other fields in which we work together. The Joint Working Party of OECD on Agriculture and Environment has been a pioneer in linking agriculture and environment from an economic and policy perspective. The work of yo ...
The Washington Climate Change Impacts Assessment
... to be put in an appropriate context and time frame. Such events can be associated with climate, but only over many years – a single flood, back-to-back snowy winters, or an extended drought don’t necessarily signal a change in climate over longer time frames. Some common questions and their answers ...
... to be put in an appropriate context and time frame. Such events can be associated with climate, but only over many years – a single flood, back-to-back snowy winters, or an extended drought don’t necessarily signal a change in climate over longer time frames. Some common questions and their answers ...
Global Massive Change
... Management, Organisational Theory and Operational Analysis. It is applied in these domains to understand how organisations or enterprises adapt to their environment. The theory treats organizations and firms as collections of strategies and structures. When organisations or enterprises demonstrate p ...
... Management, Organisational Theory and Operational Analysis. It is applied in these domains to understand how organisations or enterprises adapt to their environment. The theory treats organizations and firms as collections of strategies and structures. When organisations or enterprises demonstrate p ...
Responding to Climate Change: The Three Spheres of
... 2011; Swim et al., 2011). Cognitive psychology shows that people have multiple strategies for dealing with the reality of climate change (Kahan, 2012), whereas cognitive anthropology puts these within the context of human belief networks to consider the cognitive prerequisites for mobilizing the sub ...
... 2011; Swim et al., 2011). Cognitive psychology shows that people have multiple strategies for dealing with the reality of climate change (Kahan, 2012), whereas cognitive anthropology puts these within the context of human belief networks to consider the cognitive prerequisites for mobilizing the sub ...
The Influence of Climate Variability and Change on the Science and
... Milankovitch (1941) long before detailed paleoclimate variability had been documented. From the many oxygen-isotope curves now available around the world, it is clear that major warm-cold oscillations of glacial/interglacial phases have been ...
... Milankovitch (1941) long before detailed paleoclimate variability had been documented. From the many oxygen-isotope curves now available around the world, it is clear that major warm-cold oscillations of glacial/interglacial phases have been ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.