Hybrid statistical–dynamic seasonal streamflow forecasting method
... Statistical models and global climate models have, historically, been used to forecast hydroclimate variables several months ahead. Statistical forecasts work by exploiting the relationship between hydroclimate variables and large-scale climate indices. Statistical models are popular because they ar ...
... Statistical models and global climate models have, historically, been used to forecast hydroclimate variables several months ahead. Statistical forecasts work by exploiting the relationship between hydroclimate variables and large-scale climate indices. Statistical models are popular because they ar ...
UNDERSTANDING EL NIÑO IN OCEAN–ATMOSPHERE GENERAL
... a western Pacific wind-forced Kelvin wave of opposite sign (Weisberg in boreal spring—is often not captured by models, and Wang 1997), and anomalous zonal advection which either show little seasonal modulation or a (Picaut et al. 1997). These negative feedbacks may phase locking to the wrong part of ...
... a western Pacific wind-forced Kelvin wave of opposite sign (Weisberg in boreal spring—is often not captured by models, and Wang 1997), and anomalous zonal advection which either show little seasonal modulation or a (Picaut et al. 1997). These negative feedbacks may phase locking to the wrong part of ...
Eco-physiological adaptations that favour freshwater cyanobacteria
... 2002), even to the extent that some polymictic lakes may become dimictic, dimictic lakes may become warm monomictic, and monomictic lakes may become oligomictic (Gerten and Adrian, 2002). Variation in temperature on a diel scale is anticipated to become smaller, since daily minimum temperatures will ...
... 2002), even to the extent that some polymictic lakes may become dimictic, dimictic lakes may become warm monomictic, and monomictic lakes may become oligomictic (Gerten and Adrian, 2002). Variation in temperature on a diel scale is anticipated to become smaller, since daily minimum temperatures will ...
concluded
... ABSTRACT: There is a growing body of evidence supporting the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s contestation that changes to hydrological extremes as a result of anthropogenic climate change are likely. There is also a growing level of concern among water resource managers about the nature ...
... ABSTRACT: There is a growing body of evidence supporting the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s contestation that changes to hydrological extremes as a result of anthropogenic climate change are likely. There is also a growing level of concern among water resource managers about the nature ...
Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation
... To date, the majority of impacts and adaptation research has focused on the biophysical impacts of climate change. Much of this research suggests that the most significant challenges would result from increases in the frequency and intensity of extreme climate events, such as floods, droughts and s ...
... To date, the majority of impacts and adaptation research has focused on the biophysical impacts of climate change. Much of this research suggests that the most significant challenges would result from increases in the frequency and intensity of extreme climate events, such as floods, droughts and s ...
Projected river discharge in the Euphrates Tigris Basin
... simulations. The suite of simulations enables a comprehensive analysis of the projected river discharge, and allows a comparison between CMIP5 simulations of MPI-ESM-LR and CMIP3 results from its predecessor ECHAM5/MPIOM on a basin scale. We demonstrate that HD simulations forced with relatively low ...
... simulations. The suite of simulations enables a comprehensive analysis of the projected river discharge, and allows a comparison between CMIP5 simulations of MPI-ESM-LR and CMIP3 results from its predecessor ECHAM5/MPIOM on a basin scale. We demonstrate that HD simulations forced with relatively low ...
Climate Change, Extreme Weather Events, and the Highway System
... This report presents guidance on adaptation strategies to likely impacts of climate change through 2050 in the planning, design, construction, operation, and maintenance of infrastructure assets in the United States (and through 2100 for sea-level rise). There are many potential impacts of climate c ...
... This report presents guidance on adaptation strategies to likely impacts of climate change through 2050 in the planning, design, construction, operation, and maintenance of infrastructure assets in the United States (and through 2100 for sea-level rise). There are many potential impacts of climate c ...
Environmental governance and climate change in Africa
... variability, a situation aggravated by the interaction of ‘multiple stresses’, occurring at various levels, and low adaptive capacity … Africa’s major economic sectors are vulnerable to current climate sensitivity, with huge economic impacts, and this vulnerability is exacerbated by existing develop ...
... variability, a situation aggravated by the interaction of ‘multiple stresses’, occurring at various levels, and low adaptive capacity … Africa’s major economic sectors are vulnerable to current climate sensitivity, with huge economic impacts, and this vulnerability is exacerbated by existing develop ...
SHAKY SCIENCE: INCONVENIENT TRUTHS CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS
... Climate science is rapidly evolving, and basing a rulemaking of this magnitude on science which is now nearly three years old is a recipe for failure. As an example, repeated claims are made in the TSD (based upon the IPCC) that increases in tropical cyclone activity, including current trends and f ...
... Climate science is rapidly evolving, and basing a rulemaking of this magnitude on science which is now nearly three years old is a recipe for failure. As an example, repeated claims are made in the TSD (based upon the IPCC) that increases in tropical cyclone activity, including current trends and f ...
The non-synchronous response of Rabots Glacia¨r and Storglacia
... interactions between/among topography and local energy and mass balances), it could be argued that each glacier experienced climate change of different magnitude. Regressions between net mass balance and temperature (e.g. Brugger, 1992; Holmlund and others, 1996) suggest, however, that the climatic ...
... interactions between/among topography and local energy and mass balances), it could be argued that each glacier experienced climate change of different magnitude. Regressions between net mass balance and temperature (e.g. Brugger, 1992; Holmlund and others, 1996) suggest, however, that the climatic ...
Impactsof climate variability and change inthe Pacific Northwest University of Washington
... warm and dry summer, coupled with the early melt, led to exceptionally low flows and high temperatures in many Northwest streams. These conditions in turn caused sever difficulties for salmon. However, 1997—98 also had benefits for the region, which avoided the damage and disruption caused by heavy ...
... warm and dry summer, coupled with the early melt, led to exceptionally low flows and high temperatures in many Northwest streams. These conditions in turn caused sever difficulties for salmon. However, 1997—98 also had benefits for the region, which avoided the damage and disruption caused by heavy ...
Phasing Down the Use of Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
... Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are the fastest-growing type of GHG in much of the world, with emissions of HFCs increasing at a rate of 10–15% per year.1 HFCs were developed to replace chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) – ozone-depleting substances that are being phased out u ...
... Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are the fastest-growing type of GHG in much of the world, with emissions of HFCs increasing at a rate of 10–15% per year.1 HFCs were developed to replace chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) – ozone-depleting substances that are being phased out u ...
Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment and Adaptation Plan
... Figure 22: Classification of key berry species by the type of soil in which they grow .................................................................. 46 Figure 23: Iron Ore Mine Pit on Mesabi Range ................................................................................................. ...
... Figure 22: Classification of key berry species by the type of soil in which they grow .................................................................. 46 Figure 23: Iron Ore Mine Pit on Mesabi Range ................................................................................................. ...
ABSTRACT - Coastal Environmental Change Lab
... temporal and spatial scales in response to natural processes and modifications of the environment by humans. Climate change will influence coastal evolution by increasing sea level rise rates (IPCC, 2014), and potentially by increasing the frequency of intense hurricanes (e.g., Webster et al., 2005, ...
... temporal and spatial scales in response to natural processes and modifications of the environment by humans. Climate change will influence coastal evolution by increasing sea level rise rates (IPCC, 2014), and potentially by increasing the frequency of intense hurricanes (e.g., Webster et al., 2005, ...
as pdf, 3.4 MB
... System, and many of the consequences cannot yet be predicted accurately. Resolute and forward-looking action is needed in order to ensure that the oceans do not overstep critical system boundaries. The way we handle the oceans will be a decisive test of humankind’s ability to steer a sustainable cou ...
... System, and many of the consequences cannot yet be predicted accurately. Resolute and forward-looking action is needed in order to ensure that the oceans do not overstep critical system boundaries. The way we handle the oceans will be a decisive test of humankind’s ability to steer a sustainable cou ...
prospects and pitfalls of the kyoto protocol to the united nations
... by China and the G77 developing countries in the form of a ‘Clean Development Fund’ which would finance sustainable development projects in the world’s poorest countries.20 The concept was finally given legal substance in article 12 of the Kyoto Protocol following agreement on several features. Firs ...
... by China and the G77 developing countries in the form of a ‘Clean Development Fund’ which would finance sustainable development projects in the world’s poorest countries.20 The concept was finally given legal substance in article 12 of the Kyoto Protocol following agreement on several features. Firs ...
projected to rise another 3.5 to 9 F by as early as 2070
... and extratropical cyclones (though their frequency may decrease), and sea-level variability. Changes in annual streamflow are highly uncertain, though winter and spring flows will likely increase. The sensitivity of the Chesapeake Bay to climate suggests that the Bay’s functioning by the end of this ...
... and extratropical cyclones (though their frequency may decrease), and sea-level variability. Changes in annual streamflow are highly uncertain, though winter and spring flows will likely increase. The sensitivity of the Chesapeake Bay to climate suggests that the Bay’s functioning by the end of this ...
Commission on Geography Education, Report from 2012 and Plan
... associated with development and changing climatic scenarios. The problem of climate change and ensuing transformations that are to manifest in various sectors of human life on the earth is an important area where the geoinformatics can play a vital role. Environmental perspectives and the scientific ...
... associated with development and changing climatic scenarios. The problem of climate change and ensuing transformations that are to manifest in various sectors of human life on the earth is an important area where the geoinformatics can play a vital role. Environmental perspectives and the scientific ...
Planning instruments
... focus must remain on mitigation. However, there are significant consequences from global warming already ‘locked in’ and the coastal community will need to prepare for environmental change. Even a 2 °C increase in warming in the future will have impacts we need to plan for (CSIRO and Bureau of Meteo ...
... focus must remain on mitigation. However, there are significant consequences from global warming already ‘locked in’ and the coastal community will need to prepare for environmental change. Even a 2 °C increase in warming in the future will have impacts we need to plan for (CSIRO and Bureau of Meteo ...
https://www.environment.gov.za/sites/default/files/reports/sa1stbiennialupdatereport.pdf
... As a result, South Africa has taken steps to formulate measures to mitigate and adapt to a changing climate. The transition to a low carbon economy is guided by the country’s vision for 2030, as detailed in the 2011 National Development Plan and the National Climate Change Response White Paper. To a ...
... As a result, South Africa has taken steps to formulate measures to mitigate and adapt to a changing climate. The transition to a low carbon economy is guided by the country’s vision for 2030, as detailed in the 2011 National Development Plan and the National Climate Change Response White Paper. To a ...
11. Minutes of the 11th meeting
... extract outputs from specific areas and parameters from the IPCC models to generate visionary synthesis group papers at the meeting. KB recommended clearing this with the IPCC Data Distribution Centre. RO reflected that the social impacts and adaptations are not part of the workshop plan. In discuss ...
... extract outputs from specific areas and parameters from the IPCC models to generate visionary synthesis group papers at the meeting. KB recommended clearing this with the IPCC Data Distribution Centre. RO reflected that the social impacts and adaptations are not part of the workshop plan. In discuss ...
Assessing the climate impact of trends in stratospheric water vapor
... climate sensitivity are significantly uncertain [IPCC, 2001] and so strong positive statements about the agreement with observations cannot be made, at least using global-mean surface temperature alone. Nevertheless, the important message from Figure 3 is that a significantly large SWV forcing certa ...
... climate sensitivity are significantly uncertain [IPCC, 2001] and so strong positive statements about the agreement with observations cannot be made, at least using global-mean surface temperature alone. Nevertheless, the important message from Figure 3 is that a significantly large SWV forcing certa ...
Funding proposal - Green Climate Fund
... strengthening revenue mobilization, public financial management and debt management. Despite the fact that sovereign repayment capacity is not expected to be called into question in the near future, it should be considered that financing this climate adaptation Project with debt would be an addition ...
... strengthening revenue mobilization, public financial management and debt management. Despite the fact that sovereign repayment capacity is not expected to be called into question in the near future, it should be considered that financing this climate adaptation Project with debt would be an addition ...
Climate impact on airborne particulate matter concentrations in
... also be considered when studying climate-air quality interactions in California. Natural annual variation in meteorology such as the El-Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has a strong effect on air quality. The period of the ENSO cycle in recent decades has been 3–8 years suggesting that air Atmos. C ...
... also be considered when studying climate-air quality interactions in California. Natural annual variation in meteorology such as the El-Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has a strong effect on air quality. The period of the ENSO cycle in recent decades has been 3–8 years suggesting that air Atmos. C ...
Scenario Studies as a Synthetic and Integrative Research Activity for Articles
... In many large science- and environmental-assessment programs, scenarios have been used to describe and underpin analyses of alternative futures. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) emission scenarios (Naki enovi and Swart 2000) and the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment’s scenarios ( ...
... In many large science- and environmental-assessment programs, scenarios have been used to describe and underpin analyses of alternative futures. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) emission scenarios (Naki enovi and Swart 2000) and the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment’s scenarios ( ...