Reconfiguring the Contours of Statehood and the Rights of Peoples
... most from climate change; the fact that we possess limited domestic and foreign policy tools to effectively mitigate its effects; and the fact that we lack the capacity to protect ourselves through adaptation programmes; together suggest a need to address the concept of climate justice [11]. One way ...
... most from climate change; the fact that we possess limited domestic and foreign policy tools to effectively mitigate its effects; and the fact that we lack the capacity to protect ourselves through adaptation programmes; together suggest a need to address the concept of climate justice [11]. One way ...
South African Food Security and Climate Change: Agriculture Futures
... chosen simply because down-scaled data was available or results had been published elsewhere). Readers are referred to You et al. (2009) for an explanation of how land use is estimated using SPAM and to Jones et al. (2003) for an explanation of DSSAT. It would be useful for a general audience to exp ...
... chosen simply because down-scaled data was available or results had been published elsewhere). Readers are referred to You et al. (2009) for an explanation of how land use is estimated using SPAM and to Jones et al. (2003) for an explanation of DSSAT. It would be useful for a general audience to exp ...
Using the NatureServe Climate Change Vulnerability Index
... allow users to request this sort of data based on any user-defined horizon date. If using a time scale significantly different than 2060, the thresholds separating the different Index categories may need adjustment to adequately separate species into different vulnerability categories. Geographical ...
... allow users to request this sort of data based on any user-defined horizon date. If using a time scale significantly different than 2060, the thresholds separating the different Index categories may need adjustment to adequately separate species into different vulnerability categories. Geographical ...
Managing Climate Change: The Africa Group in Multilateral
... Brazil, and South Africa pose a threat to the atmosphere with regard to their increasing global emissions, and some small island countries will cease to exist in a few decades. These states receive prominence in climate change architecture so much that negotiations hinge on their ability to commit t ...
... Brazil, and South Africa pose a threat to the atmosphere with regard to their increasing global emissions, and some small island countries will cease to exist in a few decades. These states receive prominence in climate change architecture so much that negotiations hinge on their ability to commit t ...
UKCP Paper
... Part 3 – Emulator. Unfortunately this number remains too small to provide a good understanding of the diversity of outcomes. An emulator is therefore built to provide values of x corresponding to values of for which no runs were made. In other words, the emulator ‘fills the gaps’ between the 280 p ...
... Part 3 – Emulator. Unfortunately this number remains too small to provide a good understanding of the diversity of outcomes. An emulator is therefore built to provide values of x corresponding to values of for which no runs were made. In other words, the emulator ‘fills the gaps’ between the 280 p ...
Analysis of trends in temperature and rainfall in selected
... further in 21st century. According to Hansen (2012), the current goal of limiting human-made warming to 2˚C is insufficient to prevent climate-induced disasters. Solomon et al. (2009) pointed out that severity of damage due to climate change depends not only on magnitude, but on irreversibility also ...
... further in 21st century. According to Hansen (2012), the current goal of limiting human-made warming to 2˚C is insufficient to prevent climate-induced disasters. Solomon et al. (2009) pointed out that severity of damage due to climate change depends not only on magnitude, but on irreversibility also ...
Usable Science? The UK Climate Projections 2009
... undertakers’’ (e.g., utility companies and harbor authorities) to report on the risks and benefits posed by changes in climate and how they plan to adapt to them (Defra 2011a). In addition, the Act requires the Government to undertake a U.K.-wide Climate Change Risk Assessment every five years (the ...
... undertakers’’ (e.g., utility companies and harbor authorities) to report on the risks and benefits posed by changes in climate and how they plan to adapt to them (Defra 2011a). In addition, the Act requires the Government to undertake a U.K.-wide Climate Change Risk Assessment every five years (the ...
Projected Changes in Extreme Weather and Climate Events in Europe
... events over Europe. The projection is based on a nested modelling strategy in that a high resolution Regional Climate Model (RCM) is driven by a much coarser resolution General Circulation Model (GCM); the latter provides the boundary conditions for the former. The RCM is HIRHAM4, developed at the D ...
... events over Europe. The projection is based on a nested modelling strategy in that a high resolution Regional Climate Model (RCM) is driven by a much coarser resolution General Circulation Model (GCM); the latter provides the boundary conditions for the former. The RCM is HIRHAM4, developed at the D ...
View Dec, 2013, issue of the Pacific Region climate change science
... Ecosystem functionality: Living things have powerful influences on the lands and waters they occupy. As existing ecosystems unravel, we are seeing the chemistry and hydrology of the physical environment change, with further feedback effects on the ecosystem. Ecosystem changes, in turn, feedback to c ...
... Ecosystem functionality: Living things have powerful influences on the lands and waters they occupy. As existing ecosystems unravel, we are seeing the chemistry and hydrology of the physical environment change, with further feedback effects on the ecosystem. Ecosystem changes, in turn, feedback to c ...
Urban Transit Systems and Conditions of Enhanced Climate Variability
... trend over the period 1901–2010, based on tide gauge records and additionally from satellite data since 1993. It is very likely that the mean rate of sea level rise was 1.7 [1.5 to 1.9] mm yr–1 between 1901 and 2010. Between 1993 and 2010, the rate was very likely higher at 3.2 [2.8 to 3.6] mm yr–1; ...
... trend over the period 1901–2010, based on tide gauge records and additionally from satellite data since 1993. It is very likely that the mean rate of sea level rise was 1.7 [1.5 to 1.9] mm yr–1 between 1901 and 2010. Between 1993 and 2010, the rate was very likely higher at 3.2 [2.8 to 3.6] mm yr–1; ...
Climate trends in San Antonio - San Antonio Sustainability Plan
... Over the last 150 years, long-‐term weather station records have documented a 1.5oF increase in the Earth’s average temperature. At the global scale, each decade has successively been warmer than ...
... Over the last 150 years, long-‐term weather station records have documented a 1.5oF increase in the Earth’s average temperature. At the global scale, each decade has successively been warmer than ...
Global Climate Change as a Threat to U.S. National Security
... and ‘Sustain Broad Cooperation on Key Global Challenges.’6 The four bottom circles in Figure 1 are a shorthand version of the 2010 NSS. Foreign interests is consistent with the “Sustain Broad Cooperation on Key Global challenges” strategy, Economy falls under the “Ensure a strong U.S. economy” strat ...
... and ‘Sustain Broad Cooperation on Key Global Challenges.’6 The four bottom circles in Figure 1 are a shorthand version of the 2010 NSS. Foreign interests is consistent with the “Sustain Broad Cooperation on Key Global challenges” strategy, Economy falls under the “Ensure a strong U.S. economy” strat ...
seven theories of climate change - The Science and Public Policy
... The first theory of climate change contends that human emissions of greenhouse gases, principally carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, and nitrous oxide, are causing a catastrophic rise in global temperatures. The mechanism whereby this happens is called the enhanced greenhouse effect. We call this theory ...
... The first theory of climate change contends that human emissions of greenhouse gases, principally carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, and nitrous oxide, are causing a catastrophic rise in global temperatures. The mechanism whereby this happens is called the enhanced greenhouse effect. We call this theory ...
Eos
... 2010]. These approaches have been successful in improving the skill of numerical weather prediction. Statistical downscaling can also be used as the benchmark (the control) against which dynamic downscaling skill is judged [Landsea and Knaff, 2000]. Castro et al. [2005] categorized downscaling into ...
... 2010]. These approaches have been successful in improving the skill of numerical weather prediction. Statistical downscaling can also be used as the benchmark (the control) against which dynamic downscaling skill is judged [Landsea and Knaff, 2000]. Castro et al. [2005] categorized downscaling into ...
Climate Change Policy: What Do the Models Tell Us?†
... and consumption, resulting from higher temperatures. (This is the most speculative element of the analysis, in part because of uncertainty over adaptation to climate change.) “Economic impact” includes both direct economic impacts as well as any other adverse effects of climate change, such as socia ...
... and consumption, resulting from higher temperatures. (This is the most speculative element of the analysis, in part because of uncertainty over adaptation to climate change.) “Economic impact” includes both direct economic impacts as well as any other adverse effects of climate change, such as socia ...
The Problem - CLIMsystems
... Major concerns have been raised about the effects of climatic changes on Australia’s tropical forests (Williams et al., 2003). Many species are well-adapted to current climatic variability. However, many are restricted to geographic and climatic ranges and are vulnerable to long-term changes in aver ...
... Major concerns have been raised about the effects of climatic changes on Australia’s tropical forests (Williams et al., 2003). Many species are well-adapted to current climatic variability. However, many are restricted to geographic and climatic ranges and are vulnerable to long-term changes in aver ...
Official PDF , 28 pages
... full implementation of the Kyoto Protocol and continuation at the prescribed lower emission levels by annex I countries would slow the increase in average global surface temperature in 2050 by only 0.05°C, from an increase of 1.4° to 1.35°. Second, the rewards from restraints on greenhouse gas emiss ...
... full implementation of the Kyoto Protocol and continuation at the prescribed lower emission levels by annex I countries would slow the increase in average global surface temperature in 2050 by only 0.05°C, from an increase of 1.4° to 1.35°. Second, the rewards from restraints on greenhouse gas emiss ...
Managing Climate Change Risk in Coastal Canadian Communities
... Church 2011). This standard ignores the fact that some areas should embrace a much higher design standard due to the exposure and vulnerability of important assets, such as ports, downtowns or key transportation routes along coastlines. In addition, the standard does not take into account that clima ...
... Church 2011). This standard ignores the fact that some areas should embrace a much higher design standard due to the exposure and vulnerability of important assets, such as ports, downtowns or key transportation routes along coastlines. In addition, the standard does not take into account that clima ...
Climate Change: Top 10 Precepts for U.S. Foreign Policy
... thus a top—perhaps the top—foreign policy priority for the United States. Broad coverage is critical for three reasons. First, participation by the major economies is essential to stabilizing GHG concentrations and preventing dangerous climate change. According to business-as-usual scenarios, develo ...
... thus a top—perhaps the top—foreign policy priority for the United States. Broad coverage is critical for three reasons. First, participation by the major economies is essential to stabilizing GHG concentrations and preventing dangerous climate change. According to business-as-usual scenarios, develo ...
Links between native forest and climate in Australia
... Australia and 0.5°C for southwest Western Australia. Mean summer rainfall showed a decrease of 4–12% in eastern Australia and 4–8% in southwest Western Australia which were both statistically significant and coincided with regions with the most extensive LCC. The results also revealed a warmer El Ni ...
... Australia and 0.5°C for southwest Western Australia. Mean summer rainfall showed a decrease of 4–12% in eastern Australia and 4–8% in southwest Western Australia which were both statistically significant and coincided with regions with the most extensive LCC. The results also revealed a warmer El Ni ...
Current and future climate of Vanuatu
... more acidic. This impacts the growth of corals and organisms that construct their skeletons from carbonate minerals. These species are critical to the balance of tropical reef ecosystems. Data show that since the 18th century the level of ocean acidification has been slowly increasing in Vanuatu’s w ...
... more acidic. This impacts the growth of corals and organisms that construct their skeletons from carbonate minerals. These species are critical to the balance of tropical reef ecosystems. Data show that since the 18th century the level of ocean acidification has been slowly increasing in Vanuatu’s w ...
Mitigation of What and by What? Adaptation by Whom and
... evolution of the climate-finance architecture, many of the fundamentally politicised issues that shape the existing dilemma on how to confront global climate change have been avoided or delayed. A largely market-driven response has not advanced an accountability-driven, long-term agenda, and competi ...
... evolution of the climate-finance architecture, many of the fundamentally politicised issues that shape the existing dilemma on how to confront global climate change have been avoided or delayed. A largely market-driven response has not advanced an accountability-driven, long-term agenda, and competi ...
Potential Causes of Action for Climate Change Impacts Under the
... sub-regional or regional organizations.42 In the case of highly migratory species, coastal States and other States with nationals fishing in the region are exhorted to cooperate directly or through international organizations “with a view” to ensuring conservation and optimal utilization.43 A propos ...
... sub-regional or regional organizations.42 In the case of highly migratory species, coastal States and other States with nationals fishing in the region are exhorted to cooperate directly or through international organizations “with a view” to ensuring conservation and optimal utilization.43 A propos ...
Toronto`s Future Weather and Climage Driver Study
... Annual mean precipitation is expected to increase over Canada by a maximum in some specific areas of 20% (although there is significant uncertainty in this maximum value) with winter precipitation possibly exceeding 130% of present day values (Christensen et al., 2007). However, there is currently o ...
... Annual mean precipitation is expected to increase over Canada by a maximum in some specific areas of 20% (although there is significant uncertainty in this maximum value) with winter precipitation possibly exceeding 130% of present day values (Christensen et al., 2007). However, there is currently o ...
Heinrich Event - EdShare - University of Southampton
... Seager & Battista (2006) review data and simulations from coupled GCMs (GFDL, Hadley Centre), and find: “In the North Atlantic region, therefore, there is sufficient agreement ... that changes in the THC were likely involved in abrupt climate changes. …., changes in the THC, even shutdowns - at leas ...
... Seager & Battista (2006) review data and simulations from coupled GCMs (GFDL, Hadley Centre), and find: “In the North Atlantic region, therefore, there is sufficient agreement ... that changes in the THC were likely involved in abrupt climate changes. …., changes in the THC, even shutdowns - at leas ...