Radiative forcing of gases, aerosols and, clouds.
... The latest results from ERBE indicate that in the global mean, clouds reduce the radiative heating of the planet. This cooling is a function of season and ranges from approximately -13 to -21 Wm-2. While these values may seem small, they should be compared with the 4 Wm-2 heating predicted by a d ...
... The latest results from ERBE indicate that in the global mean, clouds reduce the radiative heating of the planet. This cooling is a function of season and ranges from approximately -13 to -21 Wm-2. While these values may seem small, they should be compared with the 4 Wm-2 heating predicted by a d ...
The existence value of biodiversity in South Africa: how
... in monetary terms are rare. The damage cost literature thus relies heavily on ‘benefit transfer’ ...
... in monetary terms are rare. The damage cost literature thus relies heavily on ‘benefit transfer’ ...
Fossil Fuel Divestment: Implications For The Future Of Sustainability
... vast web of influence that could bring a shift in attitudes toward climate change and the fossil fuel industry” (Ayling and Gunningham 2015, p. 11). This paper illustrates how the movement is pushing HEIs to reconsider their focus on incremental internal sustainability actions. Instead, it seeks to ...
... vast web of influence that could bring a shift in attitudes toward climate change and the fossil fuel industry” (Ayling and Gunningham 2015, p. 11). This paper illustrates how the movement is pushing HEIs to reconsider their focus on incremental internal sustainability actions. Instead, it seeks to ...
Target Atmospheric CO : Where Should Humanity Aim?
... lose its ice sheets. This long-term climate sensitivity is relevant to GHGs that remain airborne for centuries-to-millennia. The humancaused atmospheric GHG increase will decline slowly if anthropogenic emissions from fossil fuel burning decrease enough, as we illustrate below using a simplified car ...
... lose its ice sheets. This long-term climate sensitivity is relevant to GHGs that remain airborne for centuries-to-millennia. The humancaused atmospheric GHG increase will decline slowly if anthropogenic emissions from fossil fuel burning decrease enough, as we illustrate below using a simplified car ...
Exhaustible resource consumption and lessons for
... faster than high-income countries. Using three different integrated assessment models, Clarke (2007) projects that the emissions of fossil fuel and industrial CO2 in the non-Annex I countries would exceed those of the Annex I countries by 2030 or earlier. So far, global efforts have been made throug ...
... faster than high-income countries. Using three different integrated assessment models, Clarke (2007) projects that the emissions of fossil fuel and industrial CO2 in the non-Annex I countries would exceed those of the Annex I countries by 2030 or earlier. So far, global efforts have been made throug ...
Assessing resilience of the Nile Delta urban
... Egypt in general and the Nile Delta in particular, have undergone rapid population growth and urbanization during the last five decades. Between 1947 and 2006, Egypt’s population more than tripled from about 19 to 72 million. This trend was accompanied by continuous growth in the urban population du ...
... Egypt in general and the Nile Delta in particular, have undergone rapid population growth and urbanization during the last five decades. Between 1947 and 2006, Egypt’s population more than tripled from about 19 to 72 million. This trend was accompanied by continuous growth in the urban population du ...
A Review of Drought in the Middle East and Southwest Asia
... standardized precipitation deficits, this regional drought comprised the most severe area of ...
... standardized precipitation deficits, this regional drought comprised the most severe area of ...
THE MIGHTY OPERATIONS OF NATURE
... challenged both science and superstition. Theories that the cold summer was caused by sunspots were hotly debated, and though most expert opinion held that sunspots were not the cause, the public could not quite seem to shake the suspicion that they were somehow involved. Other theories of causatio ...
... challenged both science and superstition. Theories that the cold summer was caused by sunspots were hotly debated, and though most expert opinion held that sunspots were not the cause, the public could not quite seem to shake the suspicion that they were somehow involved. Other theories of causatio ...
The Climate-Environment-Society Nexus in the
... ka10 and it is the generally held view that glacials are arid and interglacials humid. However, determining the effects of Pleistocene11 climate change on the Sahara is problematic due to the paucity of organic deposits. Organic remains, such as palaeolake sediments, provide important information re ...
... ka10 and it is the generally held view that glacials are arid and interglacials humid. However, determining the effects of Pleistocene11 climate change on the Sahara is problematic due to the paucity of organic deposits. Organic remains, such as palaeolake sediments, provide important information re ...
RAPPOR T Effects of climate change in the Kolubara and Toplica
... temperature (2 to 5 °C) in all months of the year by the end of the 21st century. For the near-future period, however, some months show small or no changes in the median value relative to the control period. There is large variability in monthly precipitation both in the current and in the two futur ...
... temperature (2 to 5 °C) in all months of the year by the end of the 21st century. For the near-future period, however, some months show small or no changes in the median value relative to the control period. There is large variability in monthly precipitation both in the current and in the two futur ...
Fourth Carbon Budget Review – part 1
... that there is a new agreement by the end of 2015 to deliver deep emissions cuts compatible with limiting warming to 2°C. Given these developments, the global emissions pathways assumed when designing the fourth carbon budget remain feasible if challenging. They continue to be an appropriate basis fo ...
... that there is a new agreement by the end of 2015 to deliver deep emissions cuts compatible with limiting warming to 2°C. Given these developments, the global emissions pathways assumed when designing the fourth carbon budget remain feasible if challenging. They continue to be an appropriate basis fo ...
global forum on food security and nutrition
... children. It impacts people’s livelihoods and lifestyles through different pathways. Farmers, pastoralists, forest dwellers and fisherfolk are already facing more challenges in producing and gathering food due to changing weather patterns, such as erratic rains. In the short term the impacts can be ...
... children. It impacts people’s livelihoods and lifestyles through different pathways. Farmers, pastoralists, forest dwellers and fisherfolk are already facing more challenges in producing and gathering food due to changing weather patterns, such as erratic rains. In the short term the impacts can be ...
Slide 1
... 1. The ability to recover quickly from illness, change, or misfortune; buoyancy. 2. The property of a material that enables it to resume its original shape or position after being bent, stretched, or compressed; elasticity. resilience n 1. Also called resiliency the state or quality of being resilie ...
... 1. The ability to recover quickly from illness, change, or misfortune; buoyancy. 2. The property of a material that enables it to resume its original shape or position after being bent, stretched, or compressed; elasticity. resilience n 1. Also called resiliency the state or quality of being resilie ...
Emulating coupled atmosphere-ocean and carbon cycle models
... Abstract. Current scientific knowledge on the future response of the climate system to human-induced perturbations is comprehensively captured by various model intercomparison efforts. In the preparation of the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), i ...
... Abstract. Current scientific knowledge on the future response of the climate system to human-induced perturbations is comprehensively captured by various model intercomparison efforts. In the preparation of the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), i ...
Evaporation at the Dead-Sea in the different synoptic systems and
... From these results it is clearly seen that the pan evaporation in Sdom shows highly significant increases (as we noticed in Fig. 2), while in Eilat the evaporation increases are only from the 1990s. Therefore, while comparing the 1995-2004 to the 1970-1994 there are no significant changes in the ev ...
... From these results it is clearly seen that the pan evaporation in Sdom shows highly significant increases (as we noticed in Fig. 2), while in Eilat the evaporation increases are only from the 1990s. Therefore, while comparing the 1995-2004 to the 1970-1994 there are no significant changes in the ev ...
gcos regional action plan for south and southwest asia
... to improve climate prediction services, mitigate climate disasters and plan for sustainable development by providing access to high quality global data sets. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) represents the international community’s political response to the need to ...
... to improve climate prediction services, mitigate climate disasters and plan for sustainable development by providing access to high quality global data sets. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) represents the international community’s political response to the need to ...
(Accredited) - AS Level Geography - H081
... study. The Landscape and place (01) component is built around two main topics, Landscape Systems and Changing Spaces; Making Places to give learners an appreciation of core physical and human geography ideas, concepts and processes. Within the topic of Landscape Systems learners will explore one cho ...
... study. The Landscape and place (01) component is built around two main topics, Landscape Systems and Changing Spaces; Making Places to give learners an appreciation of core physical and human geography ideas, concepts and processes. Within the topic of Landscape Systems learners will explore one cho ...
City of Long Beach Climate Resiliency Assessment Report
... data on sea level, for example), but they will need to be supplemented by other data and all will need to be transformed into information on a continuing basis to reveal important trends relevant to Long Beach. The most data deficient areas for Long Beach relevant to climate change are in Long Beach ...
... data on sea level, for example), but they will need to be supplemented by other data and all will need to be transformed into information on a continuing basis to reveal important trends relevant to Long Beach. The most data deficient areas for Long Beach relevant to climate change are in Long Beach ...
Climate change in the northeastern US: regional climate model
... In order to provide high resolution regional climate projections consistent with the large-scale circulation from the GCM and to achieve maximum compatibility, the PRECIS RCM and its driving GCM employ identical dynamical and physical formulations, apart from certain details (e.g., horizontal diffus ...
... In order to provide high resolution regional climate projections consistent with the large-scale circulation from the GCM and to achieve maximum compatibility, the PRECIS RCM and its driving GCM employ identical dynamical and physical formulations, apart from certain details (e.g., horizontal diffus ...
Climate change and the marine ecosystem of the western Antarctic
... The Antarctic Peninsula is experiencing one of the fastest rates of regional climate change on Earth, resulting in the collapse of ice shelves, the retreat of glaciers and the exposure of new terrestrial habitat. In the nearby oceanic system, winter sea ice in the Bellingshausen and Amundsen seas ha ...
... The Antarctic Peninsula is experiencing one of the fastest rates of regional climate change on Earth, resulting in the collapse of ice shelves, the retreat of glaciers and the exposure of new terrestrial habitat. In the nearby oceanic system, winter sea ice in the Bellingshausen and Amundsen seas ha ...
Climate Change Reporting Framework
... the CCRF, its requirements must be satisfied as described herein. Organization: Except where otherwise specified1, organization means the group, company, companies or entities for which consolidated financial statements are prepared, including subsidiaries ...
... the CCRF, its requirements must be satisfied as described herein. Organization: Except where otherwise specified1, organization means the group, company, companies or entities for which consolidated financial statements are prepared, including subsidiaries ...
Wolf, J. and Susanne C. Moser (2011). Individual understandings
... Evaluation of the RISA experience, with special emphasis on the science-practice interaction; NOAA-Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessment (RISA) Program, Pilot projects with the Hawai’i/Pacific Island and Alaska RISA centers. Adaptation Opportunities and Barriers in New England, research was pa ...
... Evaluation of the RISA experience, with special emphasis on the science-practice interaction; NOAA-Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessment (RISA) Program, Pilot projects with the Hawai’i/Pacific Island and Alaska RISA centers. Adaptation Opportunities and Barriers in New England, research was pa ...
The Response of Precipitation Minus Evapotranspiration
... Ó 2015 American Meteorological Society ...
... Ó 2015 American Meteorological Society ...
means of adaptation and mitigation of climate change and disaster
... ter level also change in weather pattern and local climate. These conditions have triggerred other problems like increasing coastal erotion, sea water intrusion, flooding productive ground and pub‐ lic facility, wet land ecosystem disappearance, rainfall pattern change, increase of storm frequency a ...
... ter level also change in weather pattern and local climate. These conditions have triggerred other problems like increasing coastal erotion, sea water intrusion, flooding productive ground and pub‐ lic facility, wet land ecosystem disappearance, rainfall pattern change, increase of storm frequency a ...
Assessing the Determinants Facilitating Local Vulnerabilities and
... inception through to fruition. I am deeply appreciative of the University of Montana and the College of Forestry and Conservation for providing me with the resources, funding and support throughout the lifespan of this project. Foremost amongst these ranks is my eternal gratitude to my advisor, Dr. ...
... inception through to fruition. I am deeply appreciative of the University of Montana and the College of Forestry and Conservation for providing me with the resources, funding and support throughout the lifespan of this project. Foremost amongst these ranks is my eternal gratitude to my advisor, Dr. ...