The IPCC`s Fifth Assessment Report
... In all scenarios, carbon dioxide concentrations are higher in 2100 than they are today. The low-emissions scenario (RCP2.6) assumes substantial and sustained reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. The high-emissions scenario (RCP8.5) assumes continued high rates of emissions. The two intermediate s ...
... In all scenarios, carbon dioxide concentrations are higher in 2100 than they are today. The low-emissions scenario (RCP2.6) assumes substantial and sustained reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. The high-emissions scenario (RCP8.5) assumes continued high rates of emissions. The two intermediate s ...
Assimilating urban heat island effects into climate projections
... climate, perhaps through modeling and remote sensing studies, are necessary to best estimate how projected land use change may affect future UHI effects. Georgesu et al. (2014) found that regional warming rates from urban expansion is of the same order of magnitude as large-scale climate change. Und ...
... climate, perhaps through modeling and remote sensing studies, are necessary to best estimate how projected land use change may affect future UHI effects. Georgesu et al. (2014) found that regional warming rates from urban expansion is of the same order of magnitude as large-scale climate change. Und ...
Can Climate Influence Cultural Development? A View through Time
... had a significant influence on vegetation dynamics in the Pacific region over the last five to three millennia.38 This has been supported further by records showing landscape destabilisation around 5000 yr BP from the South American coast 39 and increased disturbance of vegetation in Australia 40 an ...
... had a significant influence on vegetation dynamics in the Pacific region over the last five to three millennia.38 This has been supported further by records showing landscape destabilisation around 5000 yr BP from the South American coast 39 and increased disturbance of vegetation in Australia 40 an ...
Chapter 2: AFRICAN CLIMATE CHANGE: PAST AND FUTURE
... attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods’ ...
... attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods’ ...
document Lee Presentation
... The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and Albert Arnold (Al) Gore Jr. were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize "for their efforts to build up and disseminate greater knowledge about man-made climate change, and to lay the foundations for the measures that are needed to counteract such change". ...
... The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and Albert Arnold (Al) Gore Jr. were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize "for their efforts to build up and disseminate greater knowledge about man-made climate change, and to lay the foundations for the measures that are needed to counteract such change". ...
“Smart Climate Change” for Professional Societies Workshop WORKSHOP REPORT
... There are 3 options that Kenya has in terms of enacting climate smart legislation: Dedicated framework legislation - this provides obligations for sectors to perform; Dedicated substantive legislation - this creates hardcore standards most of which take long to fulfill, for example emission targ ...
... There are 3 options that Kenya has in terms of enacting climate smart legislation: Dedicated framework legislation - this provides obligations for sectors to perform; Dedicated substantive legislation - this creates hardcore standards most of which take long to fulfill, for example emission targ ...
DOCX - World bank documents
... Turkmenistan has a sharply continental and extremely dry and hot climate. 1 Despite the desert nature that is distinctive for most of Turkmenistan, there are significant differences in average temperature in the northern and southern parts of the country. The northern part, located in the Siberian a ...
... Turkmenistan has a sharply continental and extremely dry and hot climate. 1 Despite the desert nature that is distinctive for most of Turkmenistan, there are significant differences in average temperature in the northern and southern parts of the country. The northern part, located in the Siberian a ...
Amphibians in the climate vice - Ecological Society of America
... Amphibians in the climate vice: loss and restoration of resilience of montane wetland ecosystems in the western US Maureen E Ryan1,2*, Wendy J Palen2, Michael J Adams3, and Regina M Rochefort4 Wetlands in the remote mountains of the western US have undergone two massive ecological “experiments” span ...
... Amphibians in the climate vice: loss and restoration of resilience of montane wetland ecosystems in the western US Maureen E Ryan1,2*, Wendy J Palen2, Michael J Adams3, and Regina M Rochefort4 Wetlands in the remote mountains of the western US have undergone two massive ecological “experiments” span ...
NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY - Indus Valley School of Art
... preparation of this policy. Furthermore, extensive consultation with provinces, federal institutions and civil society provided valuable inputs to the policy document. In view of Pakistan’s high vulnerability to adverse impacts of climate change, in particular extreme events, adaptation effort is th ...
... preparation of this policy. Furthermore, extensive consultation with provinces, federal institutions and civil society provided valuable inputs to the policy document. In view of Pakistan’s high vulnerability to adverse impacts of climate change, in particular extreme events, adaptation effort is th ...
Overcoming Behavioral and Institutional Inertia
... Source: WDR team calculations based on BTS 2008. Note: Estimates are based on 40 million SUVs (sports utility vehicles) in the United States traveling a total of 480 billion miles (assuming 12,000 miles a car) a year. With average fuel efficiency of 18 miles a gallon, the SUV fleet consumes 27 billi ...
... Source: WDR team calculations based on BTS 2008. Note: Estimates are based on 40 million SUVs (sports utility vehicles) in the United States traveling a total of 480 billion miles (assuming 12,000 miles a car) a year. With average fuel efficiency of 18 miles a gallon, the SUV fleet consumes 27 billi ...
ESM - Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology
... projections of global and regional climate change, including the South Asian monsoon, in addition to contribution to CMIP6 and IPCC AR6 •Development of High Resolution Global Model (~grid size 27 km) Atmospheric version of IITM-ESM for dynamical downscaling. Generation of high resolution global clim ...
... projections of global and regional climate change, including the South Asian monsoon, in addition to contribution to CMIP6 and IPCC AR6 •Development of High Resolution Global Model (~grid size 27 km) Atmospheric version of IITM-ESM for dynamical downscaling. Generation of high resolution global clim ...
Wetland
... Amphibians in the climate vise: loss and restoration of resilience of montane wetland ecosystems in the western US Maureen E Ryan1,2*, Wendy J Palen2, Michael J Adams3, and Regina M Rochefort4 Wetlands in the remote mountains of the western US have undergone two massive ecological “experiments” span ...
... Amphibians in the climate vise: loss and restoration of resilience of montane wetland ecosystems in the western US Maureen E Ryan1,2*, Wendy J Palen2, Michael J Adams3, and Regina M Rochefort4 Wetlands in the remote mountains of the western US have undergone two massive ecological “experiments” span ...
Technology Development and Transfer in the Context of
... objective of the Convention and the urgent need for adaptation to the impacts of climate change Include an incentive package to scale up technology development and transfer to developing country Parties in order to promote access to affordable environmentally sound technologies through creation of a ...
... objective of the Convention and the urgent need for adaptation to the impacts of climate change Include an incentive package to scale up technology development and transfer to developing country Parties in order to promote access to affordable environmentally sound technologies through creation of a ...
WORKING DOCUMENT: NOT FOR CITATION (please also note that this
... livelihoods, and a very different set of issues applies to those countries who are landlocked or who are completely engulfed by water. And then there are also major regional concerns. AU member countries form part of Regional Economic Communities. These groups also differ in terms of their colonial ...
... livelihoods, and a very different set of issues applies to those countries who are landlocked or who are completely engulfed by water. And then there are also major regional concerns. AU member countries form part of Regional Economic Communities. These groups also differ in terms of their colonial ...
Developing and Implementing Climate Change Adaptation
... These trends of increasing temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and increasing extreme events such as drought and fire are expected to continue in this century, driving changes in forest ecosystems [10,11]. Adapting to climate change, or “the process of adjustment to actual or expected cli ...
... These trends of increasing temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and increasing extreme events such as drought and fire are expected to continue in this century, driving changes in forest ecosystems [10,11]. Adapting to climate change, or “the process of adjustment to actual or expected cli ...
On summing the components of radiative forcing of climate change
... are not identical. They are )0.5 and )0.425 W m for the normal and the log-normal PDFs, respectively, and dier from the best estimate. The log-normal PDF is probably the best representation of the mean and range of those RFs quoted by Ramaswamy et al. (2001) `as uncertain by a factor of y'. It also ...
... are not identical. They are )0.5 and )0.425 W m for the normal and the log-normal PDFs, respectively, and dier from the best estimate. The log-normal PDF is probably the best representation of the mean and range of those RFs quoted by Ramaswamy et al. (2001) `as uncertain by a factor of y'. It also ...
Caribbean Marine Climate Change Report Card 2017
... This report card addresses three themes: climate change drivers; impacts on biological diversity; and society. It is based on twelve specially commissioned scientific papers covering the following themes and key topics: -- Climate change drivers: Extreme weather events, sea temperature and ocean aci ...
... This report card addresses three themes: climate change drivers; impacts on biological diversity; and society. It is based on twelve specially commissioned scientific papers covering the following themes and key topics: -- Climate change drivers: Extreme weather events, sea temperature and ocean aci ...
Vulnerability and Resilience in the Face of Climate Change: Current
... effects of climate change, including climate variability and extremes. Vulnerability is a function of the character, magnitude, and rate of climate change and variation to which a system is exposed, its sensitivity, and its adaptive capacity (IPCC WG2 2007:883). • Resilience: The ability of a social ...
... effects of climate change, including climate variability and extremes. Vulnerability is a function of the character, magnitude, and rate of climate change and variation to which a system is exposed, its sensitivity, and its adaptive capacity (IPCC WG2 2007:883). • Resilience: The ability of a social ...
Climate Analysis and Scenario Development for the
... state-of-the-art developments in coupled cryosphere/ atmosphere/ocean models and scenario construction methods; and 3) effective communication of scenarios and their uncertainties to users. The purpose of this project is to provide researchers, stakeholders, decision-makers and communities with robu ...
... state-of-the-art developments in coupled cryosphere/ atmosphere/ocean models and scenario construction methods; and 3) effective communication of scenarios and their uncertainties to users. The purpose of this project is to provide researchers, stakeholders, decision-makers and communities with robu ...
Understanding the Science of Climate Change Natural Resource Report NPS/NRPC/NRR—2010/210
... simple facts; these are derived from some level of reasoning or critical thinking. They result from projected trends, well tested climate or ecosystem models, or empirically observed relationships (statistical comparisons using existing data). • “What scientists think is possible” are statements th ...
... simple facts; these are derived from some level of reasoning or critical thinking. They result from projected trends, well tested climate or ecosystem models, or empirically observed relationships (statistical comparisons using existing data). • “What scientists think is possible” are statements th ...
Climate Impact Research in the BSR: State of the Art
... Adaptation - Main Findings 1. Adaptation can reduce adverse impacts 2. Communities will adapt autonomously, but not without costs 3. The key features of climate change are variabilities and extremes 4. Planned adaptation measures usually have immediate benefits 5. Adaptations are likely to be imple ...
... Adaptation - Main Findings 1. Adaptation can reduce adverse impacts 2. Communities will adapt autonomously, but not without costs 3. The key features of climate change are variabilities and extremes 4. Planned adaptation measures usually have immediate benefits 5. Adaptations are likely to be imple ...
‘Ye Olde Hot Aire’*: reporting on human tabloid press
... by their peers as top experts on the physical science of climate change—contains a strong consensus statement on this point. It reads, ‘Most of the observed increase in globally averaged temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse g ...
... by their peers as top experts on the physical science of climate change—contains a strong consensus statement on this point. It reads, ‘Most of the observed increase in globally averaged temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse g ...
Causes of the northern high-latitude land surface
... the NHL land surface temperature variability. Similarly, the correlation between the AL and NHL land SAT is 0.45 for the period 1958 – 2004, only accounting for 21% of the shared variance. However, for the cooling period (during the 1960s and 1970s), the AL had a larger correlation (r = 0.65) with ...
... the NHL land surface temperature variability. Similarly, the correlation between the AL and NHL land SAT is 0.45 for the period 1958 – 2004, only accounting for 21% of the shared variance. However, for the cooling period (during the 1960s and 1970s), the AL had a larger correlation (r = 0.65) with ...
... culprit according to the IPCC are anthropogenic aerosols, primarily sulfates, that reflect some of the sun’s rays back into space and thus have a cooling effect on the climate. That aerosols have that affect is widely understood. But as ambient concentrations of anthropogenic aerosols continue to de ...
Climate Change and Agricultural Production
... started. Annual losses in barley, maize, and wheat output due to global warming since 1981 amount to 40 million tons (or US$5 billion as of 2002),6 although these were offset by yield gains due to crop breeding and other agro-technology advances. It appears that high seasonal temperatures, beyond w ...
... started. Annual losses in barley, maize, and wheat output due to global warming since 1981 amount to 40 million tons (or US$5 billion as of 2002),6 although these were offset by yield gains due to crop breeding and other agro-technology advances. It appears that high seasonal temperatures, beyond w ...