GCOS Switzerland
... system including physical, chemical and biological properties of atmosphere, ocean and land surface. This paper describes the GCOS implementation in Switzerland and highlights some major achievements over the last few years. The Swiss GCOS Office was established at the Federal Office of Meteorology ...
... system including physical, chemical and biological properties of atmosphere, ocean and land surface. This paper describes the GCOS implementation in Switzerland and highlights some major achievements over the last few years. The Swiss GCOS Office was established at the Federal Office of Meteorology ...
The effects of climate changes on aquifer storage
... The three (one present, two future) annual series of smoothed daily recharge estimates for the Chalk and Triassic sandstone aquifers are shown in Fig. 6(a) and (b), expressed in dimensionless form. Assuming that the proportion of excess rainfall going to recharge remains constant, the percentage cha ...
... The three (one present, two future) annual series of smoothed daily recharge estimates for the Chalk and Triassic sandstone aquifers are shown in Fig. 6(a) and (b), expressed in dimensionless form. Assuming that the proportion of excess rainfall going to recharge remains constant, the percentage cha ...
Programme Booklet
... (radiative forcing). In general, this paradigm is inappropriate except when dealing with global forcing. This is reasonable because most major climate change involves changes in the temperature difference between the tropics and the poles, and such differences generally involve dynamics of the atmos ...
... (radiative forcing). In general, this paradigm is inappropriate except when dealing with global forcing. This is reasonable because most major climate change involves changes in the temperature difference between the tropics and the poles, and such differences generally involve dynamics of the atmos ...
CHANGING HOW EARTH SYSTEM MODELING IS DONE TO
... alternative resource allocations in the VDM. to one that uses the projections as a set of plausible examples of what might happen to decide on how best to act in that can be placed in their projections. By “confidence” light of that knowledge and uncertainty (Stainforth we mean an estimate of the pr ...
... alternative resource allocations in the VDM. to one that uses the projections as a set of plausible examples of what might happen to decide on how best to act in that can be placed in their projections. By “confidence” light of that knowledge and uncertainty (Stainforth we mean an estimate of the pr ...
The Role of Regional SST Warming Variations in the - NCAR-RAL
... and the Caribbean (Giorgi 2006; Neelin et al. 2006; Rauscher et al. 2008; Maurer et al. 2009). In the future scenario simulations, precipitation decreases by as much as 25%, with the largest decreases in June and July, the beginning of the core rainy season for much of MA. Large-scale circulation fe ...
... and the Caribbean (Giorgi 2006; Neelin et al. 2006; Rauscher et al. 2008; Maurer et al. 2009). In the future scenario simulations, precipitation decreases by as much as 25%, with the largest decreases in June and July, the beginning of the core rainy season for much of MA. Large-scale circulation fe ...
let`s respond - Conservation International
... our weather and climate systems. While our knowledge base is growing all the time, planning conditions will be far more uncertain than in the past. We must learn along the way, making it extremely important to choose ‘no regret’ response options in order to avoid locking ourselves into systems that ...
... our weather and climate systems. While our knowledge base is growing all the time, planning conditions will be far more uncertain than in the past. We must learn along the way, making it extremely important to choose ‘no regret’ response options in order to avoid locking ourselves into systems that ...
Global Climate Change and the Risks to Coastal Areas from
... natural hurricane cycle in the North Atlantic is likely to be a more important contributing factor to future hurricane intensity in that region than global climate change. The debate within the scientific community over these questions continues to rage, although it may not have received as much att ...
... natural hurricane cycle in the North Atlantic is likely to be a more important contributing factor to future hurricane intensity in that region than global climate change. The debate within the scientific community over these questions continues to rage, although it may not have received as much att ...
The biophysical link between climate, water, and vegetation in
... gas impacts of bioenergy agroecosystems that remain due to limitations in the analysis techniques. However, the direct biophysical water and climate impacts of bioenergy expansion and the biophysical interactions with biogeochemical impacts have received far less attention, and large uncertainties o ...
... gas impacts of bioenergy agroecosystems that remain due to limitations in the analysis techniques. However, the direct biophysical water and climate impacts of bioenergy expansion and the biophysical interactions with biogeochemical impacts have received far less attention, and large uncertainties o ...
Examining Plant Physiological Responses to Climate Change
... 200 years ago, global atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) has increased from 270 to 401 mL L21, and average global temperatures have risen by 0.85°C, with the most pronounced effects occurring near the poles (IPCC, 2013). In addition, the last 30 years were the warmest decades in 1,400 ...
... 200 years ago, global atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) has increased from 270 to 401 mL L21, and average global temperatures have risen by 0.85°C, with the most pronounced effects occurring near the poles (IPCC, 2013). In addition, the last 30 years were the warmest decades in 1,400 ...
Impact of Climate Change and Human Activity on the Runoff
... meteorological station , For lack of long-term evaporation observations, potential evapotranspiration was estimated using the Penman-Monteith method recommended by FAO (Allen et al., 1998) based on the four meteorological data and the areal evapotranspiration was estimated as the centroidal value in ...
... meteorological station , For lack of long-term evaporation observations, potential evapotranspiration was estimated using the Penman-Monteith method recommended by FAO (Allen et al., 1998) based on the four meteorological data and the areal evapotranspiration was estimated as the centroidal value in ...
Kathmandu Valley Nepal - UN
... typically decades or longer. It refers to any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity.1 Climate change is already affecting millions of people worldwide. In urban areas, which usually have significantly higher population density, climate chang ...
... typically decades or longer. It refers to any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity.1 Climate change is already affecting millions of people worldwide. In urban areas, which usually have significantly higher population density, climate chang ...
Modeling plant species distributions under future
... Recent studies suggest that species distribution models (SDMs) based on fine-scale climate data may provide markedly different estimates of climate-change impacts than coarse-scale models. However, these studies disagree in their conclusions of how scale influences projected species distributions. I ...
... Recent studies suggest that species distribution models (SDMs) based on fine-scale climate data may provide markedly different estimates of climate-change impacts than coarse-scale models. However, these studies disagree in their conclusions of how scale influences projected species distributions. I ...
Climate change-induced water stress and its
... Health impacts related to water arise mainly from more frequent storms and floods. In combination with higher temperatures water may also provide the routes for spreading of new diseases. Potential conflicts over water Potential political conflict over water under a scenario of climate change is mos ...
... Health impacts related to water arise mainly from more frequent storms and floods. In combination with higher temperatures water may also provide the routes for spreading of new diseases. Potential conflicts over water Potential political conflict over water under a scenario of climate change is mos ...
Climate change impacts on groundwater hydrology
... for low flow simulations (Bastola et al. 2011, Velazquez et al. 2013). Similarly, in a study on groundwater well field capture zones, Sonnenborg et al. (2015) found that the uncertainty at a ‘downstream’ point (geology) in the calculation chain dominated, making the effects of climate model uncertai ...
... for low flow simulations (Bastola et al. 2011, Velazquez et al. 2013). Similarly, in a study on groundwater well field capture zones, Sonnenborg et al. (2015) found that the uncertainty at a ‘downstream’ point (geology) in the calculation chain dominated, making the effects of climate model uncertai ...
Assessment of Climate Variability Impact on Water Resources within
... described climate change as a significant long-term shift or change in weather conditions identified by changes in temperature, precipitation, winds, and other indicators which usually persist for decades or even longer (IPCC, 2007). The causes of climate variability are generally attributed to (i) ...
... described climate change as a significant long-term shift or change in weather conditions identified by changes in temperature, precipitation, winds, and other indicators which usually persist for decades or even longer (IPCC, 2007). The causes of climate variability are generally attributed to (i) ...
Come Rain or Shine - Integrating Climate Risk Management into
... warmed by about 0.7°C. At the same time, there were distinct changes in rainfall patterns, an increase in both frequency and severity of extreme weather events, and a rise in sea levels. The impacts of these changes are already being felt, and will intensify as further changes take place. Another 2– ...
... warmed by about 0.7°C. At the same time, there were distinct changes in rainfall patterns, an increase in both frequency and severity of extreme weather events, and a rise in sea levels. The impacts of these changes are already being felt, and will intensify as further changes take place. Another 2– ...
Preventing El Niño Southern Oscillation Episodes from Becoming
... Climate. The Special Envoys recognized the important progress of a number countries in preparing for and responding to the ENSO escalation. They also saw that ENSO’s severe weather threatened to overwhelm even the most proactive countries, tipping the scales toward economic loss and humanitarian nee ...
... Climate. The Special Envoys recognized the important progress of a number countries in preparing for and responding to the ENSO escalation. They also saw that ENSO’s severe weather threatened to overwhelm even the most proactive countries, tipping the scales toward economic loss and humanitarian nee ...
PDF
... as they continuously seek to internalise climate risks in their activities. Despite its theoretical potential, very little is actually known about how microfinance interacts with adaptation in practice Through the provision of credit and other financial services microfinance helps the poor develop a ...
... as they continuously seek to internalise climate risks in their activities. Despite its theoretical potential, very little is actually known about how microfinance interacts with adaptation in practice Through the provision of credit and other financial services microfinance helps the poor develop a ...
Loss and Damage: The Role of Ecosystem Services
... in the 2015 Paris Agreement under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The Paris Agreement’s Article 8 states: “Parties recognize the importance of averting, minimizing and addressing loss and damage associated with the adverse effects of climate change, including extr ...
... in the 2015 Paris Agreement under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The Paris Agreement’s Article 8 states: “Parties recognize the importance of averting, minimizing and addressing loss and damage associated with the adverse effects of climate change, including extr ...
California Getting Wetter to the North, Drier to the South: Natural
... regions of North America as the atmosphere has warmed over the last century [1–4]. Karl and Knight [5] found a 10% increase in annual precipitation in the United States between 1910 and 1996 with over half of this increase coming from the upper 10th percentile of daily precipitation. Higgins et al. ...
... regions of North America as the atmosphere has warmed over the last century [1–4]. Karl and Knight [5] found a 10% increase in annual precipitation in the United States between 1910 and 1996 with over half of this increase coming from the upper 10th percentile of daily precipitation. Higgins et al. ...
Working Paper 198 - Castells-Quintana et al (opens in new window)
... Understanding both the direct as well as the indirect effects of climate change is not only fundamental for the design of mitigation and adaptation strategies; whether by addressing the direct impacts of geographical factors, or by addressing their indirect effects on the socio-political environment ...
... Understanding both the direct as well as the indirect effects of climate change is not only fundamental for the design of mitigation and adaptation strategies; whether by addressing the direct impacts of geographical factors, or by addressing their indirect effects on the socio-political environment ...
Resilience Strategies for Communities at Risk
... dramatic increases in the costs of protecting and rebuilding those structures determined to be at risk. In responding to the costs of preserving and protecting certain high-risk locations, communities will need to develop new land use overlay zones that balance the value of continuing their current ...
... dramatic increases in the costs of protecting and rebuilding those structures determined to be at risk. In responding to the costs of preserving and protecting certain high-risk locations, communities will need to develop new land use overlay zones that balance the value of continuing their current ...
Quantifying the consensus on anthropogenic global
... Our analysis finds that among the 10,306 scientists who authored an abstract expressing a position on AGW, 98.5% endorse the consensus. ...
... Our analysis finds that among the 10,306 scientists who authored an abstract expressing a position on AGW, 98.5% endorse the consensus. ...
Public Acceptability of Climate Change Mitigation
... In general, the public acceptability of policies is influenced by at least two types of factors and their interactions2: individual characteristics and the characteristics of the policy. Looking first at individual characteristics, social-psychological studies have identified the positive effect of ...
... In general, the public acceptability of policies is influenced by at least two types of factors and their interactions2: individual characteristics and the characteristics of the policy. Looking first at individual characteristics, social-psychological studies have identified the positive effect of ...
Resilience Strategies for Communities at Risk
... dramatic increases in the costs of protecting and rebuilding those structures determined to be at risk. In responding to the costs of preserving and protecting certain high-risk locations, communities will need to develop new land use overlay zones that balance the value of continuing their current ...
... dramatic increases in the costs of protecting and rebuilding those structures determined to be at risk. In responding to the costs of preserving and protecting certain high-risk locations, communities will need to develop new land use overlay zones that balance the value of continuing their current ...