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UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

... or does not represent a complete survey of a relevant literature… Not only did the 2009 USGCRP report re-appear in near its draft form, but, what’s worse, it served as the foundation document pertaining to climate impacts in the U.S. for EPA’s Endangerment Finding, and, subsequently, the EPA’s Propo ...
Introduction
Introduction

... 4.2. Future distribution and range changes ..................................................................... 40 4.3. Future changes in timing of biological events ......................................................... 42 4.4. Future changes in predation and parasitism ........................ ...
Major Tipping Points in the Earth`s Climate System
Major Tipping Points in the Earth`s Climate System

... impacts with increasing temperature. The reality, however, is that climate change is unlikely to be a smooth transition into the future and that there are a number of thresholds along the way that are likely to result in significant step changes in the level of impacts once triggered. The existence ...
Improving*the*Outlook*for* Caribbean*Coral*Reefs
Improving*the*Outlook*for* Caribbean*Coral*Reefs

... Coral!reefs!are!central!to!the!health!of!the!Caribbean!Sea!and!to!the!well3being!of!Caribbean!societies.!! Addressing!the!risks!to!these!systems!is!a!key!element!of!the!CARICOM!response!to!climate!change.!This!Coral! Reef!Plan!of!Action!identifies!the!priority!challenges!for!sustaining!the!benefits! ...
Decadal climate variability and potential predictability in the nordic
Decadal climate variability and potential predictability in the nordic

... This paper reviews decadal climate variability and predictability and its potential implications for adaptation decisions with emphasis on the Nordic region. In the North Atlantic sector, there is strong decadal to multi-decadal climate variability. The most prominent internal mechanisms explaining ...
Looking Backwards, Looking Forward
Looking Backwards, Looking Forward

... There are different sorts of proxy data that scientists use to understand changes in plant communities. Some types of pollen and some types of seeds are very resistant to decay and can be found, intact, in sediments from thousands of years ago. Not all pollen and seed types are preserved, but enough ...
Book of abstracts for download
Book of abstracts for download

... D’Andrea, F. Summer heat and drought in continental midlatitudes: of soil moisture and other things ............................................................................................................................. 3 Dell’Aquila A. Reconstructing the past, projecting the future: a regiona ...
Adapting to Climate Change: Challenges for
Adapting to Climate Change: Challenges for

... fuelled largely by human activities. The changes that have occurred are measureable and the impacts are growing. More and more governments and other organizations have begun to commit to climate change adaptation – taking action to reduce the impacts of climate change and, where possible, taking adv ...
Implementation Framework for Climate Change Adaptation Planning
Implementation Framework for Climate Change Adaptation Planning

... This Implementation Framework for Climate Change Adaptation Planning at a Watershed Scale (Framework) was developed by the Water Monitoring and Climate Change Project Team of the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME) Water Management Committee (WMC). The Framework provides watershe ...
Report
Report

... impacts with increasing temperature. The reality, however, is that climate change is unlikely to be a smooth transition into the future and that there are a number of thresholds along the way that are likely to result in significant step changes in the level of impacts once triggered. The existence ...
Assessing Climate Change Impacts, Vulnerability and Adaptation:
Assessing Climate Change Impacts, Vulnerability and Adaptation:

... Stewardship staff, who gave their time and efforts to conduct this study. ...
mop4_27_climate_change_report_0
mop4_27_climate_change_report_0

... Table 1. Palaearctic-Afrotropical migrants with small wintering populations north of the Sahara. The location of the main northern wintering population is indicated by an X in the appropriate column. Some species (indicated by the absence on an X in any column) do not currently over-winter north of ...
3. Ranking Criteria and Examples
3. Ranking Criteria and Examples

... climate change in the health sector. This paper examines evidence on the role social networks play in individuals' responses to heat wave risk in a case study in the UK. Based on interviews with independently living elderly people and their primary social contacts in London and Norwich, we suggest t ...
Developing and Applying Scenarios
Developing and Applying Scenarios

... marine pollution. Apart from the direct effects of CO2 enrichment, changes in other environmental factors rarely have been considered alongside climate changes in past impact assessments, although their use is increasing with the emergence of integrated assessment methods. Climate scenarios of three ...
Modeling climate mitigation and adaptation policies to predict their effectiveness: The limits of randomized controlled trials: Working Paper 120 (327 kB) (opens in new window)
Modeling climate mitigation and adaptation policies to predict their effectiveness: The limits of randomized controlled trials: Working Paper 120 (327 kB) (opens in new window)

... natural enough: A policy should be funded, and implemented, only if there is reasonable evidence that it will produce the desired effect in the specific location and at the specific time at which it is implemented. In order to produce such evidence, organizations implementing policies are invited to ...
Module 11: Groundwater and climate change
Module 11: Groundwater and climate change

... Groundwater is the major source of drinking water in Africa and has a rapidly expanding role in irrigation to combat growing food insecurity. This module deals with both the impact of climate change on groundwater resources and the role that groundwater can play in adapting to the impacts of climate ...
Evaluation, characterization, and communication of uncertainty by
Evaluation, characterization, and communication of uncertainty by

... are still sketchy. Uncertainty about how our socio-political-economic systems will evolve may be even greater because such changes are in many ways nearly impossible to envision [see Hawkins and Sutton 2009, and 2010]. That is to say, decisions over the next two or three decades affecting this large ...
climate change vulnerability of ski tourism in
climate change vulnerability of ski tourism in

... On the other hand, tourism is listed among the most vulnerable economic sectors to climate change, especially due to its high dependence on climate as a resource and the fact that climate is a major limiting factor to travel.12 Undoubtedly, ski tourism is among the most critical subsectors of the in ...
2006–2012 Climate Change Action Plan
2006–2012 Climate Change Action Plan

... An exemplary contribution Québec can already be proud of leading the way in Canada with respect to per-capita greenhouse gas emissions. This achievement is founded on the excellent performance of our manufacturing sector, a more intensive utilisation of public transit, a motor vehicle fleet that con ...
Recent pause in the growth rate of atmospheric CO2 associated with
Recent pause in the growth rate of atmospheric CO2 associated with

... (dashed black line) and s.d. (orange area)) changes in the atmospheric CO2 growth rate from 1960 to 2012. The vertical grey line (2002) indicates the point of structural change identified using a linear modelling analysis. The red lines indicate a significant increasing trend from 1959 to 1990 (solid ...
Methods of assessing human health vulnerability and public health
Methods of assessing human health vulnerability and public health

... systems caused by the combined impact of growing human population and economic activities. Environmental changes are now affecting the whole planet and disrupting earth’s life-supporting mechanisms, but the extent to which this affects human well-being and health varies substantially in different pa ...
Migration and Climate Change: Toward an Integrated Assessment of
Migration and Climate Change: Toward an Integrated Assessment of

... countries in the global South, even though it is the global North that is primarily responsible for anthropogenic climate change (Roberts and Parks 2007). The resulting global injustice is of both ethical and practical policy concern, as climate change negotiators in the global South are increasingl ...
S2013034_en.pdf
S2013034_en.pdf

... sell to Annex I countries to help these countries achieve their GHG emissions targets. At the same time, and because of the scale of emissions reductions required, an effective agreement among countries would likely have to involve both developed and developing countries. Thus, in the recents and up ...
Changes in terrestrial aridity for the period 850–2080 from the
Changes in terrestrial aridity for the period 850–2080 from the

... the RCP8.5 scenario forcing for 2006–2080. The CESM-LME used the same forcings as the CESM-LE during the overlapping period with the exception of including orbital changes in insolation not considered in the latter. The CESM-LME and CESM-LE employed the same model except the resolution of atmospheri ...
CIRES-Climate Change - Colorado Water Conservation Board
CIRES-Climate Change - Colorado Water Conservation Board

... “Colorado River Basin Water Management.” This report provides a scientific basis to support further studies of water resources impacts. However, the assessment and quantification of specific climate change impacts on water resources is beyond the scope of this document. A synthesis of findings in th ...
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Climate governance

In political ecology and environmental policy, climate governance is the diplomacy, mechanisms and response measures ""aimed at steering social systems towards preventing, mitigating or adapting to the risks posed by climate change"". A definitive interpretation is complicated by the wide range of political and social science traditions (including comparative politics, political economy and multilevel governance) that are engaged in conceiving and analysing climate governance at different levels and across different arenas. In academia, climate governance has become the concern of geographers, anthropologists, economists and business studies scholars.In the past two decades a paradox has arisen between rising awareness about the causes and consequences of climate change and an increasing concern that the issues that surround it represent an intractable problem.Initially, climate change was approached as a global issue, and climate governance sought to address it on the international stage. This took the form of Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs), beginning with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) in 1992. With the exception of the Kyoto Protocol, international agreements between nations have been largely ineffective in achieving legally binding emissions cuts and with the end of the Kyoto Protocol's first commitment period in 2012, starting from 2013 there is no legally binding Global climate regime. This inertia on the international political stage contributed to alternative political narratives that called for more flexible, cost effective and participatory approaches to addressing the multifarious problems of climate change. These narratives relate to the increasing diversity of methods that are being developed and deployed across the field of climate governance.
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