Effects of saltwater intrusion on vegetation dynamics and nutrient pools in low-salinity tidal marshes, Pamunkey River (Virginia, USA)
... This study investigated vegetation changes in a former tidal freshwater marsh (TFM) to determine the role that saltwater intrusion plays in vegetation dynamics. Field observations along a narrow salinity gradient in the Pamunkey River revealed that vegetation is shifting to fewer dominants with incr ...
... This study investigated vegetation changes in a former tidal freshwater marsh (TFM) to determine the role that saltwater intrusion plays in vegetation dynamics. Field observations along a narrow salinity gradient in the Pamunkey River revealed that vegetation is shifting to fewer dominants with incr ...
Winners always win: growth of a wide range of plant species from
... ª 2015 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ...
... ª 2015 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ...
Ecological flexibility in a disturbed landscape
... 2011, I collected continuous time focal animal data to examine behavioural patterns related to habitat use (ranging, matrix use, terrestriality), activity budgets, and feeding ecology of L. catta in each fragment. In addition, I examined two health parameters, stress and endoparasitism, through the ...
... 2011, I collected continuous time focal animal data to examine behavioural patterns related to habitat use (ranging, matrix use, terrestriality), activity budgets, and feeding ecology of L. catta in each fragment. In addition, I examined two health parameters, stress and endoparasitism, through the ...
Invasive Eurasian ruffe (
... backpack electrofishing, although these methods have had limited success when used on a large scale (Bowen 2013). b. Biological Managers first tried to control Eurasian ruffe populations by limiting catch sizes and by stocking predators, such as walleye, pike, and muskie, into invaded lakes and rive ...
... backpack electrofishing, although these methods have had limited success when used on a large scale (Bowen 2013). b. Biological Managers first tried to control Eurasian ruffe populations by limiting catch sizes and by stocking predators, such as walleye, pike, and muskie, into invaded lakes and rive ...
Rusty Crayfish Risk Analysis for Arizona
... compete with juvenile game fish and forage fish species for benthic invertebrates than are native crayfish species. Displacement of native crayfish by rusty crayfish could result in less food for fish. Crayfish are eaten by fish, but because of the higher ratio of their thick exoskeleton (shell) rel ...
... compete with juvenile game fish and forage fish species for benthic invertebrates than are native crayfish species. Displacement of native crayfish by rusty crayfish could result in less food for fish. Crayfish are eaten by fish, but because of the higher ratio of their thick exoskeleton (shell) rel ...
The Present and Future of Elasmobranches in Europe
... In addition to fishing and trade, other threats such as habitat degradation and water contamination are decimating shark populations around the globe. The loss of these animals will set off a chain reaction throughout the oceanic food web, contributing to negative outcomes such as the disappearance ...
... In addition to fishing and trade, other threats such as habitat degradation and water contamination are decimating shark populations around the globe. The loss of these animals will set off a chain reaction throughout the oceanic food web, contributing to negative outcomes such as the disappearance ...
Trophic effects through herbivory at Ningaloo Reef
... The Ningaloo Marine Park (NMP) is a fringing coral-reef system that encompasses approximately 263,343 ha along the Pilbarra coast of Western Australia. It was gazetted in 1987 and a revised Management Plan was approved in 2005. The management plan identified the diversity of fish found within the Ni ...
... The Ningaloo Marine Park (NMP) is a fringing coral-reef system that encompasses approximately 263,343 ha along the Pilbarra coast of Western Australia. It was gazetted in 1987 and a revised Management Plan was approved in 2005. The management plan identified the diversity of fish found within the Ni ...
A Long-Term Biodiversity, Ecosystem and Awareness Research
... especially in market and medical research. The technique is not meant to produce generic results; but rather to help identify issues that are perceived as relevant by the participants, and to generate questions and hypotheses, in this case for example about public attitudes and notions of biodiversi ...
... especially in market and medical research. The technique is not meant to produce generic results; but rather to help identify issues that are perceived as relevant by the participants, and to generate questions and hypotheses, in this case for example about public attitudes and notions of biodiversi ...
Controlling European perch (Perca fluviatilis)
... 1988). Diets of piscivorous perch in New Zealand are known to include smelt, eels and common bullies (Duncan 1967; Griffiths 1976), although other small fish species encountered by piscivorous perch are also likely to be vulnerable to predation. Cannibalisation of small perch, as observed in their n ...
... 1988). Diets of piscivorous perch in New Zealand are known to include smelt, eels and common bullies (Duncan 1967; Griffiths 1976), although other small fish species encountered by piscivorous perch are also likely to be vulnerable to predation. Cannibalisation of small perch, as observed in their n ...
Are Jellyfish Taking Over The World?
... Jellyfish have roamed the Earth since the dawn of time; inhabiting all of the world’s oceans, continuously evolving and developing into the versatile, dominant species they are today. However, recent studies are now accentuating that jellyfish population’s bloom are more frequent and are continuousl ...
... Jellyfish have roamed the Earth since the dawn of time; inhabiting all of the world’s oceans, continuously evolving and developing into the versatile, dominant species they are today. However, recent studies are now accentuating that jellyfish population’s bloom are more frequent and are continuousl ...
Phillips et al.
... have revealed that multiple predators may have noninteractive effects on prey populations. However, other studies have shown that multiple predators often have complex effects that can not be predicted simply by observing interactions between pairs of species in isolation (Sih et al. 1998). Most oft ...
... have revealed that multiple predators may have noninteractive effects on prey populations. However, other studies have shown that multiple predators often have complex effects that can not be predicted simply by observing interactions between pairs of species in isolation (Sih et al. 1998). Most oft ...
Westslope Cutthroat Trout Chapter 1
... The relations between salmonid fishes and their habitats have been considered predominantly at the reach, channel unit, and microhabitat scales. Very little is known about habitat relations at larger scales. The potential for separate breeding groups among tributaries suggests that populations exist ...
... The relations between salmonid fishes and their habitats have been considered predominantly at the reach, channel unit, and microhabitat scales. Very little is known about habitat relations at larger scales. The potential for separate breeding groups among tributaries suggests that populations exist ...
Alien Species Alert: Ensis directus
... (Bousfield, 1960; Theroux and Wigley, 1983; Swennen et al., 1985; Abbott and Morris, 2001; Turgeon et al., 2009; Vierna et al., 2013). This species has been introduced outside its native range, with the first confirmed record from the German Bight in 1979 (Cosel et al., 1982). Thereafter, a subseque ...
... (Bousfield, 1960; Theroux and Wigley, 1983; Swennen et al., 1985; Abbott and Morris, 2001; Turgeon et al., 2009; Vierna et al., 2013). This species has been introduced outside its native range, with the first confirmed record from the German Bight in 1979 (Cosel et al., 1982). Thereafter, a subseque ...
Temporal dynamics in non-additive responses of arthropods to host
... Genotypic diversity within host-plant populations has been linked to the diversity of associated arthropod communities, but the temporal dynamics of this relationship, along with the underlying mechanisms, are not well understood. In this study, we employed a common garden experiment that manipulate ...
... Genotypic diversity within host-plant populations has been linked to the diversity of associated arthropod communities, but the temporal dynamics of this relationship, along with the underlying mechanisms, are not well understood. In this study, we employed a common garden experiment that manipulate ...
rusty crayfish:a nasty invader - the National Sea Grant Library
... many other areas. Although native to parts of some Great Lakes states, rusty crayfish have spread to many northern lakes and streams where they cause a variety of ecological problems. Rusty crayfish were probably spread by nonresident anglers who brought them north to use as fishing bait. As rusty c ...
... many other areas. Although native to parts of some Great Lakes states, rusty crayfish have spread to many northern lakes and streams where they cause a variety of ecological problems. Rusty crayfish were probably spread by nonresident anglers who brought them north to use as fishing bait. As rusty c ...
(Mya arenaria) and eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica)
... deux espèces. Les interactions potentielles entre des huîtres américaines cultivées et les myes communes retrouvées en milieu naturel sont finalement présentées. ...
... deux espèces. Les interactions potentielles entre des huîtres américaines cultivées et les myes communes retrouvées en milieu naturel sont finalement présentées. ...
MARAM IWS_DEC11_ALL_1 (Document list)
... MARAM IWS/DEC11/H/MODEL/P1: A. Nielsen. State-space fish stock assessment model as alternative to (semi-) deterministic VPA approaches and full parametric stochastic models. MARAM IWS/DEC11/H/MODEL/P2: C. Matthee and S. von der Heyden. Report on Hake Genetics. MARAM IWS/DEC11/H/MODEL/P3: R. Rademeye ...
... MARAM IWS/DEC11/H/MODEL/P1: A. Nielsen. State-space fish stock assessment model as alternative to (semi-) deterministic VPA approaches and full parametric stochastic models. MARAM IWS/DEC11/H/MODEL/P2: C. Matthee and S. von der Heyden. Report on Hake Genetics. MARAM IWS/DEC11/H/MODEL/P3: R. Rademeye ...
Columbia River Food Web Report
... Figure B.1.3. Historical habitat types of the Columbia River estuary in 1880 ...................................................................... 26 Figure B.2.1. Monthly average flow hydrograph (semimonthly flows shown for April and August) for the Columbia River at The Dalles showing natural ( ...
... Figure B.1.3. Historical habitat types of the Columbia River estuary in 1880 ...................................................................... 26 Figure B.2.1. Monthly average flow hydrograph (semimonthly flows shown for April and August) for the Columbia River at The Dalles showing natural ( ...
2. Naked mole-rats - INDIGO @ UIC - University of Illinois at Chicago
... Thomas J. Park, Biological Sciences Christopher J. Whelan, Biological Sciences and Illinois Natural History Survey i ...
... Thomas J. Park, Biological Sciences Christopher J. Whelan, Biological Sciences and Illinois Natural History Survey i ...
Litter feedbacks, evolutionary change and exotic plant invasion Maarten B. Eppinga
... including alteration of nutrient cycles through plant–soil feedback and evolutionary change toward more competitive genotypes. 2. We explored the possibility of these two mechanisms interactively affecting exotic plant invasion. Using data from recent experiments on the invasion of Phalaris arundina ...
... including alteration of nutrient cycles through plant–soil feedback and evolutionary change toward more competitive genotypes. 2. We explored the possibility of these two mechanisms interactively affecting exotic plant invasion. Using data from recent experiments on the invasion of Phalaris arundina ...
Conservation Biology for All
... South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York # Oxford University Press 2010 The moral rights of the author have be ...
... South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York # Oxford University Press 2010 The moral rights of the author have be ...
Effects of Predation upon the Long
... Predators unquestionably influence the composition of prey communities, and in some circumstances their trophic effects can cascade through the community (Paine 1966). So too can the indirect' effects of predation, such as the alteration of prey behavior in response to predator cues (Trussell et al. ...
... Predators unquestionably influence the composition of prey communities, and in some circumstances their trophic effects can cascade through the community (Paine 1966). So too can the indirect' effects of predation, such as the alteration of prey behavior in response to predator cues (Trussell et al. ...
Kohala Mountain Watershed Management Plan DRAFT December
... many rare flora. The WMA and Kohala vicinity contain over three dozen federally-listed plant species. These rare plants vary in habitat from dry to wet, windward coastal sea cliffs to the montane bogs of the summit region, over to the remnant dry forest still extant in the pastures and gulches of l ...
... many rare flora. The WMA and Kohala vicinity contain over three dozen federally-listed plant species. These rare plants vary in habitat from dry to wet, windward coastal sea cliffs to the montane bogs of the summit region, over to the remnant dry forest still extant in the pastures and gulches of l ...
Overexploitation
Overexploitation, also called overharvesting, refers to harvesting a renewable resource to the point of diminishing returns. Sustained overexploitation can lead to the destruction of the resource. The term applies to natural resources such as: wild medicinal plants, grazing pastures, game animals, fish stocks, forests, and water aquifers.In ecology, overexploitation describes one of the five main activities threatening global biodiversity. Ecologists use the term to describe populations that are harvested at a rate that is unsustainable, given their natural rates of mortality and capacities for reproduction. This can result in extinction at the population level and even extinction of whole species. In conservation biology the term is usually used in the context of human economic activity that involves the taking of biological resources, or organisms, in larger numbers than their populations can withstand. The term is also used and defined somewhat differently in fisheries, hydrology and natural resource management.Overexploitation can lead to resource destruction, including extinctions. However it is also possible for overexploitation to be sustainable, as discussed below in the section on fisheries. In the context of fishing, the term overfishing can be used instead of overexploitation, as can overgrazing in stock management, overlogging in forest management, overdrafting in aquifer management, and endangered species in species monitoring. Overexploitation is not an activity limited to humans. Introduced predators and herbivores, for example, can overexploit native flora and fauna.