3 major dilemmas on small-scale fisheries management:
... "Selectivity, or lack of it, is central to many biological issues affecting fisheries. Bycatch or incidental capture is responsible for endangering and contributing to extinction of a number of non-target species…. In addition, the discarding of unwanted catch, which is particularly important in uns ...
... "Selectivity, or lack of it, is central to many biological issues affecting fisheries. Bycatch or incidental capture is responsible for endangering and contributing to extinction of a number of non-target species…. In addition, the discarding of unwanted catch, which is particularly important in uns ...
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... Competition for resources leads to: • Competitive exclusion (one ‘wins’) or • Resource partitioning: the resource is ‘shared’ ...
... Competition for resources leads to: • Competitive exclusion (one ‘wins’) or • Resource partitioning: the resource is ‘shared’ ...
Unit1 Notes
... deeper allowing the growth of grasses and other plants and more species of animals. 4.Taller shrubs create shade, roots slow erosion, more communities of plants and animal evolve and bushes and trees provide niches. Climax Community: A diverse group of species that form a stable ecosystem which can ...
... deeper allowing the growth of grasses and other plants and more species of animals. 4.Taller shrubs create shade, roots slow erosion, more communities of plants and animal evolve and bushes and trees provide niches. Climax Community: A diverse group of species that form a stable ecosystem which can ...
Ecosystem
... increases in organisms at higher trophic levels in a food chain or food web. DDT, ...
... increases in organisms at higher trophic levels in a food chain or food web. DDT, ...
Birds and Fish in Our Salt Marsh
... affect their bioaccumulation in living organisms. Once accumulated in invertebrates and fish, toxic chemicals can be passed on through the food chain so that top predators, such as birds and humans, are exposed to high concentrations of chemicals. His interest in chemical bioaccumulation is based on ...
... affect their bioaccumulation in living organisms. Once accumulated in invertebrates and fish, toxic chemicals can be passed on through the food chain so that top predators, such as birds and humans, are exposed to high concentrations of chemicals. His interest in chemical bioaccumulation is based on ...
A. Competition and predation
... Brown bullhead and pumpkinseed both prefer benthos, but bullhead more efficient Forces pumpkinseed to switch to zooplankton ...
... Brown bullhead and pumpkinseed both prefer benthos, but bullhead more efficient Forces pumpkinseed to switch to zooplankton ...
a situation analysis for the Wider caribbean region
... The region reflects huge ecological, historical, political and cultural diversity, as well as many commonalities. In addition to high levels of biodiversity and species endemism, the main defining characteristics of the region are geological youth; cultural and biological distinctiveness; small size ...
... The region reflects huge ecological, historical, political and cultural diversity, as well as many commonalities. In addition to high levels of biodiversity and species endemism, the main defining characteristics of the region are geological youth; cultural and biological distinctiveness; small size ...
Keystones,umbrellas and focal species
... allow development of kelp beds…with otters present there is a very different community (Estes and Palmisano; Science 1974). This meets the original definition in that removal of primary consumer changes environment. ...
... allow development of kelp beds…with otters present there is a very different community (Estes and Palmisano; Science 1974). This meets the original definition in that removal of primary consumer changes environment. ...
Print Version 1.23 MB - Ohio Sea Grant
... AIS can get to Lake Erie from just about anywhere in the world. In the Great Lakes, there are invasive species from many different regions, including zebra mussels from Eurasia and common reed from Europe. Regardless of where they originate, humans are almost always involved in introducing a nonnati ...
... AIS can get to Lake Erie from just about anywhere in the world. In the Great Lakes, there are invasive species from many different regions, including zebra mussels from Eurasia and common reed from Europe. Regardless of where they originate, humans are almost always involved in introducing a nonnati ...
5-4 How Do Communities and Ecosystems Respond to
... In nature, all rapidly growing populations will eventually reach a size limit imposed by various limiting factors such as: ...
... In nature, all rapidly growing populations will eventually reach a size limit imposed by various limiting factors such as: ...
biodiversity and pesticides
... Preserving biodiversity is central to sustainable agriculture. Proper crop protection can help further this goal. What is biodiversity? Why does it matter? ‘Biodiversity’ refers to the variety of living organisms which exist on our planet. Preserving biodiversity is fundamental to preserving the eco ...
... Preserving biodiversity is central to sustainable agriculture. Proper crop protection can help further this goal. What is biodiversity? Why does it matter? ‘Biodiversity’ refers to the variety of living organisms which exist on our planet. Preserving biodiversity is fundamental to preserving the eco ...
Protecting the Arctic Ecosystem
... area than, for example, in the Canadian Arctic, and they are above the values which are expected to have harmful effects. This draws attention to the potential impacts of long-distance transported pollution on populations which inhabit otherwise apparently pristine areas. Furthermore, levels of new ...
... area than, for example, in the Canadian Arctic, and they are above the values which are expected to have harmful effects. This draws attention to the potential impacts of long-distance transported pollution on populations which inhabit otherwise apparently pristine areas. Furthermore, levels of new ...
Lecture Slides
... Stock • A group of individuals of the same species where immigration and emigration are negligible in relation to growth and mortality. A stock is a selfcontained population with its own spawning area. Fishing upon one stock has no effect upon other stocks.” – paraphrased from Holden and Raitt, 1974 ...
... Stock • A group of individuals of the same species where immigration and emigration are negligible in relation to growth and mortality. A stock is a selfcontained population with its own spawning area. Fishing upon one stock has no effect upon other stocks.” – paraphrased from Holden and Raitt, 1974 ...
Aquaculture has been around for thousands of years, providing a
... Market effect, and a central question about Food Availability and the global market Larger effects on the market must also be considered when evaluating aquaculture. Current unsustainable global markets lead ...
... Market effect, and a central question about Food Availability and the global market Larger effects on the market must also be considered when evaluating aquaculture. Current unsustainable global markets lead ...
FACTS (Forage fish interactions) project
... Removal of a forage fish has consequences for both predators and prey of forage fish. As everything is connected, every management action has a price which goes beyond the apparent, direct effect on the target species. The fishery on forage fish can therefore not be seen in isolation, as the immedia ...
... Removal of a forage fish has consequences for both predators and prey of forage fish. As everything is connected, every management action has a price which goes beyond the apparent, direct effect on the target species. The fishery on forage fish can therefore not be seen in isolation, as the immedia ...
5.3.2 Populations MS
... way around can still gain one mark for correct examples of both types of competition ...
... way around can still gain one mark for correct examples of both types of competition ...
55_DetailLectOut_jkAR
... Humans have introduced many species deliberately, often with disastrous results. The European starling was introduced intentionally to New York’s Central Park by a citizen’s group intent on introducing all the plants and animals mentioned in Shakespeare’s plays. Starling populations in North A ...
... Humans have introduced many species deliberately, often with disastrous results. The European starling was introduced intentionally to New York’s Central Park by a citizen’s group intent on introducing all the plants and animals mentioned in Shakespeare’s plays. Starling populations in North A ...
Causes of Fish Endangerment in the United States
... As Adam Smith described in Wealth of Nations, agriculture is the foundational sector of the economy. Agricultural surplus frees the hands for the division of labor, bringing into existence the manufacturing sectors (Smith 1776). Surface water diversions (most notably dams), along with road construct ...
... As Adam Smith described in Wealth of Nations, agriculture is the foundational sector of the economy. Agricultural surplus frees the hands for the division of labor, bringing into existence the manufacturing sectors (Smith 1776). Surface water diversions (most notably dams), along with road construct ...
Endangered Species
... fields, deciduous forests, and wetlands along the Manasquan River. A forest habitat includes fox, deer, squirrels, raccoons, hares, skunks, rabbits, shrews, moles, and opossums. The marsh wildlife includes various bird species such as the Songbirds, Red-winged Blackbird, Bluejays, Mockingbird, Sparr ...
... fields, deciduous forests, and wetlands along the Manasquan River. A forest habitat includes fox, deer, squirrels, raccoons, hares, skunks, rabbits, shrews, moles, and opossums. The marsh wildlife includes various bird species such as the Songbirds, Red-winged Blackbird, Bluejays, Mockingbird, Sparr ...
Threatened and Endangered Plants and Animals
... and fauna are common throughout the state or are locally or seasonally abundant. A smaller number are rare in New Hampshire and their future is uncertain. These species are rare for a variety of reasons which may include habitat loss, over-exploitation, pollution, human disturbance, wetland degradat ...
... and fauna are common throughout the state or are locally or seasonally abundant. A smaller number are rare in New Hampshire and their future is uncertain. These species are rare for a variety of reasons which may include habitat loss, over-exploitation, pollution, human disturbance, wetland degradat ...
otter draft #1
... Sea otters' daily calendars are dominated by three activities: grooming, eating, and napping. The first two of these activities are closely connected to staying alive in a cold environment. Grooming consumes up to 20% of an otter's waking hours and pays off by keeping a layer of air bubbles trapped ...
... Sea otters' daily calendars are dominated by three activities: grooming, eating, and napping. The first two of these activities are closely connected to staying alive in a cold environment. Grooming consumes up to 20% of an otter's waking hours and pays off by keeping a layer of air bubbles trapped ...
Overexploitation
Overexploitation, also called overharvesting, refers to harvesting a renewable resource to the point of diminishing returns. Sustained overexploitation can lead to the destruction of the resource. The term applies to natural resources such as: wild medicinal plants, grazing pastures, game animals, fish stocks, forests, and water aquifers.In ecology, overexploitation describes one of the five main activities threatening global biodiversity. Ecologists use the term to describe populations that are harvested at a rate that is unsustainable, given their natural rates of mortality and capacities for reproduction. This can result in extinction at the population level and even extinction of whole species. In conservation biology the term is usually used in the context of human economic activity that involves the taking of biological resources, or organisms, in larger numbers than their populations can withstand. The term is also used and defined somewhat differently in fisheries, hydrology and natural resource management.Overexploitation can lead to resource destruction, including extinctions. However it is also possible for overexploitation to be sustainable, as discussed below in the section on fisheries. In the context of fishing, the term overfishing can be used instead of overexploitation, as can overgrazing in stock management, overlogging in forest management, overdrafting in aquifer management, and endangered species in species monitoring. Overexploitation is not an activity limited to humans. Introduced predators and herbivores, for example, can overexploit native flora and fauna.