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... [ 6 ] Since emissions of O 3 precursors from Asian countries (East Asia, Southeast Asia, the Indian Subcontinent) are rising and may continue to rise for several decades, and emissions from Africa and South America may increase in the future because of economic growth [Akimoto, 2003], we must carefu ...
... [ 6 ] Since emissions of O 3 precursors from Asian countries (East Asia, Southeast Asia, the Indian Subcontinent) are rising and may continue to rise for several decades, and emissions from Africa and South America may increase in the future because of economic growth [Akimoto, 2003], we must carefu ...
Agreeing to disagree: Uncertainty management in assessing climate
... 2005). Hence, frameworks other than the IPCC may lead to different results. However, in this paper, we take the position and procedures of the IPCC as an intermediary between science and policy as a given, and do not discuss alternative ways of communicating scientific climate change research and as ...
... 2005). Hence, frameworks other than the IPCC may lead to different results. However, in this paper, we take the position and procedures of the IPCC as an intermediary between science and policy as a given, and do not discuss alternative ways of communicating scientific climate change research and as ...
Abbreviations and acronyms - Caribbean Regional Fisheries
... hazards as well. Agencies in the region see considerable convergence between CCA and DRM and encourage an integrated approach. Of prime concern to many stakeholders are the negative impacts of storms and hurricanes on small-scale marine fisheries. Despite the regional downscaling of global climate m ...
... hazards as well. Agencies in the region see considerable convergence between CCA and DRM and encourage an integrated approach. Of prime concern to many stakeholders are the negative impacts of storms and hurricanes on small-scale marine fisheries. Despite the regional downscaling of global climate m ...
fellmann
... climatic variations, but also the degree and duration of these variations (Adger, 2006). For vulnerability assessments the climatic variations can be aggregated as climate variability or specific changes in the climate system (e.g. temperature increases, variability and change in rainfall, etc.). I ...
... climatic variations, but also the degree and duration of these variations (Adger, 2006). For vulnerability assessments the climatic variations can be aggregated as climate variability or specific changes in the climate system (e.g. temperature increases, variability and change in rainfall, etc.). I ...
Environics Climate Change Mitigation Messaging
... However, it has revealed some general guidelines, which are largely consistent with the findings of the qualitative and quantitative research conducted for this study. These findings are discussed in the following paragraphs. While most residents are concerned about climate change, relatively few se ...
... However, it has revealed some general guidelines, which are largely consistent with the findings of the qualitative and quantitative research conducted for this study. These findings are discussed in the following paragraphs. While most residents are concerned about climate change, relatively few se ...
Modelling Climate Variability and Climate Change and Their
... significant linkages in variations of current banana yields and climate variability especially with respect to temperature trends. The effect of climate on yields was observed to vary from region to region. This was attributable to variations in other non-climatic factors such as soil fertility and ...
... significant linkages in variations of current banana yields and climate variability especially with respect to temperature trends. The effect of climate on yields was observed to vary from region to region. This was attributable to variations in other non-climatic factors such as soil fertility and ...
Global indirect aerosol effects: a review
... in the radiative forcing bar chart of the IPCC (2001) assessment. 2.1 Evidence of aerosol effects on warm clouds from observational data The indirect aerosol effect of changing cloud albedo and cloud lifetime due to anthropogenic emissions of aerosols and their precursors has been evaluated from obs ...
... in the radiative forcing bar chart of the IPCC (2001) assessment. 2.1 Evidence of aerosol effects on warm clouds from observational data The indirect aerosol effect of changing cloud albedo and cloud lifetime due to anthropogenic emissions of aerosols and their precursors has been evaluated from obs ...
Namakwa District Municipality
... Figure 39: Priority areas identified in the National Freshwater Ecosystem Priority Area Project ..... 47 Figure 40: Priority areas identified in the Namakwa District Biodiversity Sector Plan .......................... 47 Figure 41: Commonage areas in the Namakwa District ............................ ...
... Figure 39: Priority areas identified in the National Freshwater Ecosystem Priority Area Project ..... 47 Figure 40: Priority areas identified in the Namakwa District Biodiversity Sector Plan .......................... 47 Figure 41: Commonage areas in the Namakwa District ............................ ...
Glacial Variability Over the Last Two Million Years: An Extended
... time. Agemodel uncertainty averages !10 Ka in the early Pleistocene ("2–1 Ma) and !7 Ka in the late Pleistocene ("1 Ma to the present). Twelve benthic and five planktic d18 O records are pinned to the agemodel and averaged together to provide a record of glacial variability. Major deglaciation featu ...
... time. Agemodel uncertainty averages !10 Ka in the early Pleistocene ("2–1 Ma) and !7 Ka in the late Pleistocene ("1 Ma to the present). Twelve benthic and five planktic d18 O records are pinned to the agemodel and averaged together to provide a record of glacial variability. Major deglaciation featu ...
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... method of pertubations or delta change, which measures the deviation between the mean monthly values of each variable for the control and the scenario periods. The perturbations are expressed as differences for the temperature and as ratios for the other variables. As the PRUDENCE database provides ...
... method of pertubations or delta change, which measures the deviation between the mean monthly values of each variable for the control and the scenario periods. The perturbations are expressed as differences for the temperature and as ratios for the other variables. As the PRUDENCE database provides ...
Climate Change, Risk and Productivity: Analyses of Chinese
... development, geographical distribution and determinants of provincial technical efficiency scores. Given that the current literature is characterized by a lack of systematic attempts to determine the contributions of total factor productivity and its determinants to the development of the Chinese in ...
... development, geographical distribution and determinants of provincial technical efficiency scores. Given that the current literature is characterized by a lack of systematic attempts to determine the contributions of total factor productivity and its determinants to the development of the Chinese in ...
Working Paper 183 - Averchenkova et al (opens in new window)
... 7. International environmental negotiations 8. Modelling and decision making 9. Private sector adaptation, risk and insurance More information about the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment can be found at: http://www.lse.ac.uk/grantham. ...
... 7. International environmental negotiations 8. Modelling and decision making 9. Private sector adaptation, risk and insurance More information about the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment can be found at: http://www.lse.ac.uk/grantham. ...
Secular variation in rainfall and intensity-frequency
... year ARIs were used for the purpose of this study. The log-Pearson Type III (LPT3) distribution is the standard distribution for frequency analyses in the United States (Chow et al. 1988). It was also recommended by the Institution of Engineers, Australia (I.E.A.) for design rainfall in Australia (C ...
... year ARIs were used for the purpose of this study. The log-Pearson Type III (LPT3) distribution is the standard distribution for frequency analyses in the United States (Chow et al. 1988). It was also recommended by the Institution of Engineers, Australia (I.E.A.) for design rainfall in Australia (C ...
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[full text]
... which may have opposing effects on precipitation through heating the atmosphere (causing stabilization and reduction in precipitation) and warming the surface (causing an enhancement of precipitation) (Ming et al., 2010). However, the net effect of increasing aerosol concentrations tends to be suppr ...
... which may have opposing effects on precipitation through heating the atmosphere (causing stabilization and reduction in precipitation) and warming the surface (causing an enhancement of precipitation) (Ming et al., 2010). However, the net effect of increasing aerosol concentrations tends to be suppr ...
INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION ... LIVELIHOODS OF KURESOI DISTRICT COMMUNITY, NAKURU COUNTY KENYA
... This study addresses the influence of climate change mitigating strategies on rural livelihoods of Kuresoi District community, Nakuru County in Kenya. Climate change is a major challenge on livelihoods among communities living along Mau forest at Kuresoi district in Kenya. Most of the environment wa ...
... This study addresses the influence of climate change mitigating strategies on rural livelihoods of Kuresoi District community, Nakuru County in Kenya. Climate change is a major challenge on livelihoods among communities living along Mau forest at Kuresoi district in Kenya. Most of the environment wa ...
MODELING THE EMISSIONS OF NITROUS OXIDE ) FROM THE (N
... For present-day climate and soil data sets the N2 0 emission model predicts an annual flux of 11.3 Tg-N/year (17.8 Tg N20/year). The spatial distribution and seasonal variation of the modeled current N2 0 emissions are similar to climate patterns, especially the precipitation pattern. Chemical trans ...
... For present-day climate and soil data sets the N2 0 emission model predicts an annual flux of 11.3 Tg-N/year (17.8 Tg N20/year). The spatial distribution and seasonal variation of the modeled current N2 0 emissions are similar to climate patterns, especially the precipitation pattern. Chemical trans ...
Climate Models: An Assessment of Strengths and Limitations
... decades, the range of equilibrium climate sensitivity obtained from models is roughly consistent with estimates from observations of recent and past climates. The canonical threefold range of uncertainty, 1.5 to 4.5°C, has evolved very slowly. The lower limit has been nearly unchanged over time, wit ...
... decades, the range of equilibrium climate sensitivity obtained from models is roughly consistent with estimates from observations of recent and past climates. The canonical threefold range of uncertainty, 1.5 to 4.5°C, has evolved very slowly. The lower limit has been nearly unchanged over time, wit ...
download: - IMPRESSIONS project
... 2.1. Existing scenarios and selection of a best set A small set of existing global scenarios was evaluated for their usefulness within IMPRESSIONS. We opted for a small set only, given the strong preference, also expressed in the Description of Work of IMPRESSIONS, for the RCP x SSP scenarios. An ev ...
... 2.1. Existing scenarios and selection of a best set A small set of existing global scenarios was evaluated for their usefulness within IMPRESSIONS. We opted for a small set only, given the strong preference, also expressed in the Description of Work of IMPRESSIONS, for the RCP x SSP scenarios. An ev ...
Case Study: Climate Change Resilience of Melbourne
... Science indicates that climate change is occurring1, and represents a global risk which demands an urgent multilateral response.2 The high uncertainty in the range of possible outcomes of climate change stresses the need for immediate strategic action. Whilst international efforts in responding to c ...
... Science indicates that climate change is occurring1, and represents a global risk which demands an urgent multilateral response.2 The high uncertainty in the range of possible outcomes of climate change stresses the need for immediate strategic action. Whilst international efforts in responding to c ...
Mapping climate change
... Denmark is expected to increase by about 1.2o C up to 2050. Annual average precipitation is expected to increase by about 7% up to 2050, with the highest increase during winter. Denmark will be located on the border between two zones: with more summer precipitation in northern Scandinavia and less i ...
... Denmark is expected to increase by about 1.2o C up to 2050. Annual average precipitation is expected to increase by about 7% up to 2050, with the highest increase during winter. Denmark will be located on the border between two zones: with more summer precipitation in northern Scandinavia and less i ...
Impacts of climate change on water resources
... analysed in detail. Challenges for European societies that result from these changes in water resources are derived, and options for adaptation are compiled in order to provide support to policy-makers in developing adaptation strategies. ...
... analysed in detail. Challenges for European societies that result from these changes in water resources are derived, and options for adaptation are compiled in order to provide support to policy-makers in developing adaptation strategies. ...
Playing the Climate Dominoes: Tipping Points and the Cost of
... separate studies provides a reasonable first-order approximation to the effect of jointly interacting tipping points, with the sum still underestimating the effect on optimal policy. Complementing the literature on early warning signals for tipping points [34, 35], we demonstrate the value of the ab ...
... separate studies provides a reasonable first-order approximation to the effect of jointly interacting tipping points, with the sum still underestimating the effect on optimal policy. Complementing the literature on early warning signals for tipping points [34, 35], we demonstrate the value of the ab ...
global climate change as seen by zoo and aquarium visitors
... positive emotional contexts for visitors [18], that the zoo context supports a social identity related to concern for animals and the environment [5], that it is possible to connect emotional affinity for animals to an interest in conservation issues [6], and that emotional engagement supports learn ...
... positive emotional contexts for visitors [18], that the zoo context supports a social identity related to concern for animals and the environment [5], that it is possible to connect emotional affinity for animals to an interest in conservation issues [6], and that emotional engagement supports learn ...
draft - AOOS Launches Cook Inlet Response Tool
... Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI), the North Pacific Research Board (NPRB), COSEE Alaska, and AOOS. Darcy Dugan presented on AOOS’ real-time data portal. McCammon participated in the hiring committee that selected Robin Dublin as the new COSEE Alaska Director as an AOOS employee. AOOS ...
... Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI), the North Pacific Research Board (NPRB), COSEE Alaska, and AOOS. Darcy Dugan presented on AOOS’ real-time data portal. McCammon participated in the hiring committee that selected Robin Dublin as the new COSEE Alaska Director as an AOOS employee. AOOS ...
Instrumental temperature record
The instrumental temperature record shows fluctuations of the temperature of earth's climate system. Initially the instrumental temperature record only documented land and sea surface temperature, but in recent decades instruments have also begun recording ocean temperature. Data is collected from thousands of meteorological stations around the globe and through satellite observations. The longest-running temperature record is the Central England temperature data series, that starts in 1659. The longest-running quasi-global record starts in 1850.