Introducing-FCFA-Brochure (opens in new window)
... Development Applications) The UMFULA project (‘river’ in Zulu) will provide new insights and more reliable information about climate processes and extremes in Central and Southern Africa. UMFULA will partner with agencies and universities in Tanzania and Malawi to link the information to development ...
... Development Applications) The UMFULA project (‘river’ in Zulu) will provide new insights and more reliable information about climate processes and extremes in Central and Southern Africa. UMFULA will partner with agencies and universities in Tanzania and Malawi to link the information to development ...
China`s Climate- and Energy-security Dilemma
... problems during the coming decades (United Nations Development Programme and Stockholm Environment Institute 2002). Firstly, despite strict and successful family planning policies, population growth would increase pressure on already notoriously scarce and unevenly distributed resources. Furthermore ...
... problems during the coming decades (United Nations Development Programme and Stockholm Environment Institute 2002). Firstly, despite strict and successful family planning policies, population growth would increase pressure on already notoriously scarce and unevenly distributed resources. Furthermore ...
Climate Engineering under the Paris Agreement
... water and biodiversity consequences, as well as uncertain ecosystem impacts. The land use impacts have implications for agriculture and food security, which carry with them human rights concerns and trade-offs against other sustainability goals. SRM technologies involve greater scientific uncertaint ...
... water and biodiversity consequences, as well as uncertain ecosystem impacts. The land use impacts have implications for agriculture and food security, which carry with them human rights concerns and trade-offs against other sustainability goals. SRM technologies involve greater scientific uncertaint ...
The relationship between the United Nations Framework
... 4(1) sets out general commitments, which apply to all Parties. Article 4(2) sets out specific commitments concerning the adoption of national policies and measures to limit greenhouse gas emissions and to enhance sources and sinks, which apply to Annex I Parties (then, OECD Member States and transit ...
... 4(1) sets out general commitments, which apply to all Parties. Article 4(2) sets out specific commitments concerning the adoption of national policies and measures to limit greenhouse gas emissions and to enhance sources and sinks, which apply to Annex I Parties (then, OECD Member States and transit ...
Influence of future anthropogenic emissions on climate, natural
... from Sutkus et al. [2001] and assuming a POC/BC emission ratio of 1:1. Those from shipping were estimated by dividing the gridded monthly sulfur shipping emission rate from Corbett et al. [1999], which totaled 4.24 Tg S/a by 29.5 g S/kg fuel [Corbett and Koehler, 2003, Table 1, for 1999 data] and mu ...
... from Sutkus et al. [2001] and assuming a POC/BC emission ratio of 1:1. Those from shipping were estimated by dividing the gridded monthly sulfur shipping emission rate from Corbett et al. [1999], which totaled 4.24 Tg S/a by 29.5 g S/kg fuel [Corbett and Koehler, 2003, Table 1, for 1999 data] and mu ...
Tropical Forest, Deforestation and Climate Change - Heinrich
... There is now a growing perception by the Brazilian society that the costs (economic and social) involved with of the Amazon deforestation is much higher than the cost related to its conservation. Reducing deforestation could offer a viable, cost-effective means to reduce GHG that could be used to br ...
... There is now a growing perception by the Brazilian society that the costs (economic and social) involved with of the Amazon deforestation is much higher than the cost related to its conservation. Reducing deforestation could offer a viable, cost-effective means to reduce GHG that could be used to br ...
Climate vulnerability of biophysical systems in
... forests along the Congo Basin, driven by increasing aridity and anthropogenic activities (Okali 2010). Increased forest fragmentation due to increased anthropogenic activities exacerbated by climate change is projected to reduce the probability of maintaining effective reproductive units of plant an ...
... forests along the Congo Basin, driven by increasing aridity and anthropogenic activities (Okali 2010). Increased forest fragmentation due to increased anthropogenic activities exacerbated by climate change is projected to reduce the probability of maintaining effective reproductive units of plant an ...
Ideological cultures and media discourses on
... of newspapers, The Guardian is the only one that is not owned by a conglomerate and is the most leftist. The youngest of the three, The Independent leans towards the Labour Party but often oscillates somewhat to the right.3 The period covered by the analysis is 1985, when the issue started rising to ...
... of newspapers, The Guardian is the only one that is not owned by a conglomerate and is the most leftist. The youngest of the three, The Independent leans towards the Labour Party but often oscillates somewhat to the right.3 The period covered by the analysis is 1985, when the issue started rising to ...
Hurteau et al. 2014 - Earth Systems Ecology Lab
... forest locations in any given year is quite low (Dickson et al., 2006). However, warming temperatures are increasing the frequency of large wildfires (Westerling and Bryant, 2008; Pechony and Shindell, 2010; Westerling et al., 2011) and may also increase fire severity. Based on two general circulation ...
... forest locations in any given year is quite low (Dickson et al., 2006). However, warming temperatures are increasing the frequency of large wildfires (Westerling and Bryant, 2008; Pechony and Shindell, 2010; Westerling et al., 2011) and may also increase fire severity. Based on two general circulation ...
Estimating the Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture in
... simulating the relevant soil-plant-atmospheric components that determine plant growth and yield. They can be used to assess the impacts of climate change on agricultural productivity, as well as to investigate the potential effects of different adaptation options. However, this approach does not tak ...
... simulating the relevant soil-plant-atmospheric components that determine plant growth and yield. They can be used to assess the impacts of climate change on agricultural productivity, as well as to investigate the potential effects of different adaptation options. However, this approach does not tak ...
MULTI‐MUNICIPAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS INVENTORY
... fuels: petroleum refined into gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, kerosene, heating oil, and other fuels; coal; and natural gas. As fossil fuels are combusted to provide energy, gases are emitted, including carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). These and other gases, especially methane (CH4) an ...
... fuels: petroleum refined into gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, kerosene, heating oil, and other fuels; coal; and natural gas. As fossil fuels are combusted to provide energy, gases are emitted, including carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). These and other gases, especially methane (CH4) an ...
element 8 | energy and climate change
... temperature to rise, which in turn affects global climate patterns. In response to the threat of climate change, communities worldwide are voluntarily reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The Kyoto Protocol, an international effort to coordinate mandated reductions went into effect in February 2005 wi ...
... temperature to rise, which in turn affects global climate patterns. In response to the threat of climate change, communities worldwide are voluntarily reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The Kyoto Protocol, an international effort to coordinate mandated reductions went into effect in February 2005 wi ...
Corn ethanol and climate change
... Greenhouse gas emission regulations in the Renewable Fuel Standard 2 Leading up to the creation of the Renewable Fuel Standard in 2005, it was widely assumed that biofuels would provide benefits to the climate and the environment as a whole. This was a logical assumption: plants absorb carbon dioxi ...
... Greenhouse gas emission regulations in the Renewable Fuel Standard 2 Leading up to the creation of the Renewable Fuel Standard in 2005, it was widely assumed that biofuels would provide benefits to the climate and the environment as a whole. This was a logical assumption: plants absorb carbon dioxi ...
Risks, opportunities, and adaptation to climate change
... risen 10 to 25 cm (IPCC 1996a). The character of rainfall also may be changing. For example, the area of the United States that has been affected by extreme rainfall events (i.e. at least 5 cm d–1) has gone up (Karl et al. 1996). These observed changes led the IPCC to conclude that ‘The balance of e ...
... risen 10 to 25 cm (IPCC 1996a). The character of rainfall also may be changing. For example, the area of the United States that has been affected by extreme rainfall events (i.e. at least 5 cm d–1) has gone up (Karl et al. 1996). These observed changes led the IPCC to conclude that ‘The balance of e ...
Regional climate change and its impact on photooxidant
... east-west direction and 64 grid points in south-north direction and for a vertical resolution of 19 layers. [10] For the regional simulations two time slices are selected, 1991 – 2000 (denoted as ‘‘present’’) and 2031– 2039 (denoted as ‘‘future’’). The time slice from 2031– 2039 has been chosen sinc ...
... east-west direction and 64 grid points in south-north direction and for a vertical resolution of 19 layers. [10] For the regional simulations two time slices are selected, 1991 – 2000 (denoted as ‘‘present’’) and 2031– 2039 (denoted as ‘‘future’’). The time slice from 2031– 2039 has been chosen sinc ...
4 The Importance of Methane
... chemistry of both CH4 molecules and CO2 molecules in the atmosphere is complicated and is still subject to some uncertainty, but it is now understood by the IPCC scientists that, over a 20 year time frame, the impact of CH4 is four times more significant than the 1998 basis, which is still used for ...
... chemistry of both CH4 molecules and CO2 molecules in the atmosphere is complicated and is still subject to some uncertainty, but it is now understood by the IPCC scientists that, over a 20 year time frame, the impact of CH4 is four times more significant than the 1998 basis, which is still used for ...
An NPS Framework for Addressing Climate Change with Cultural
... the attendant effects on social systems, food security, and public health, among other sectors, now projected to continue long into the future (Pachauri et al. 2014). Addressing environmental impacts and social changes in resource management is not new, and existing tools of cultural and natural res ...
... the attendant effects on social systems, food security, and public health, among other sectors, now projected to continue long into the future (Pachauri et al. 2014). Addressing environmental impacts and social changes in resource management is not new, and existing tools of cultural and natural res ...
Transformational adaptation
... cities in Alberta and elsewhere can take steps to enable this approach as part of their efforts to adapt to climate change. It is one of a series of papers prepared by the Prairie Climate Centre to provide the public and government officials with an overview of the means by which to build cities tha ...
... cities in Alberta and elsewhere can take steps to enable this approach as part of their efforts to adapt to climate change. It is one of a series of papers prepared by the Prairie Climate Centre to provide the public and government officials with an overview of the means by which to build cities tha ...
The Impact of Decentralization and Urban Governance on
... In Indonesia, recent reports indicate that while the national and local level policies appear well crafted, with a growing understanding and integration of climate change, there are gaps in strategies to implement the policies. Enforcement also continues to be weak, and the capacity of both city st ...
... In Indonesia, recent reports indicate that while the national and local level policies appear well crafted, with a growing understanding and integration of climate change, there are gaps in strategies to implement the policies. Enforcement also continues to be weak, and the capacity of both city st ...
The effect of development on the climate sensitivity of agriculture
... Environment and Development Economics 91 have been forced to explore hypothetical impacts across countries (Reilly, Hohmann, and Kane, 1994) or they have relied on limited economic processes (Rosenzweig and Parry, 1994). This study examines results on a purely national scale and does not take into ...
... Environment and Development Economics 91 have been forced to explore hypothetical impacts across countries (Reilly, Hohmann, and Kane, 1994) or they have relied on limited economic processes (Rosenzweig and Parry, 1994). This study examines results on a purely national scale and does not take into ...
a report on kenya*s stakeholders consultative workshop on GREEN
... environment, climate change and development matters was done. A list of the identified government institutions was generated that included the contacts for the heads of the institutions. Invitation letters signed by the Director General NEMA, detailing the objectives of the workshop were sent out to ...
... environment, climate change and development matters was done. A list of the identified government institutions was generated that included the contacts for the heads of the institutions. Invitation letters signed by the Director General NEMA, detailing the objectives of the workshop were sent out to ...
A. Proposal Cover Page and Summary Project title: Natural
... Develop mid-century climate scenarios that are specific to the Gunnison and San Juan Basins. Climate scientists and stakeholders will collaborate to integrate local knowledge and climate model outputs (including CMIP3, CMIP5, and NARCCAP project), identifying the metrics and thresholds relevant to t ...
... Develop mid-century climate scenarios that are specific to the Gunnison and San Juan Basins. Climate scientists and stakeholders will collaborate to integrate local knowledge and climate model outputs (including CMIP3, CMIP5, and NARCCAP project), identifying the metrics and thresholds relevant to t ...
Analysis of perception and adaptation to climate change in the Nile
... cost could be revealed through the need for intensive labour use. Thus, if farmers do not have sufficient family labour or the financial means to higher labour, they can not adapt. Shortage of land has been associated with high population pressure. High population pressures force farmers to intensiv ...
... cost could be revealed through the need for intensive labour use. Thus, if farmers do not have sufficient family labour or the financial means to higher labour, they can not adapt. Shortage of land has been associated with high population pressure. High population pressures force farmers to intensiv ...
Climate Change and the Law
... adaptation is under-researched and has gained relatively little attention from policy-makers until recently. Unlike in the UNFCCC or the Kyoto Protocol, for example, adaptation approaches are a core component of the current Copenhagen climate negotiations. Part two delves deeply into the internation ...
... adaptation is under-researched and has gained relatively little attention from policy-makers until recently. Unlike in the UNFCCC or the Kyoto Protocol, for example, adaptation approaches are a core component of the current Copenhagen climate negotiations. Part two delves deeply into the internation ...
Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme
The Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (or CPRS) was a proposed cap-and-trade system of emissions trading for anthropogenic greenhouse gases, due to be introduced in Australia in 2010 by the Rudd government, as part of its climate change policy. It marked a major change in the energy policy of Australia. The policy began when the Australian Labor Party was in opposition and the six Labor-controlled states commissioned an independent review on energy policy, the Garnaut Climate Change Review, which published a number of reports. Labor, after winning the federal election and forming a government, published a Green paper for discussion and comment. The Federal Treasury then modelled some of the financial and economic impacts of the proposed scheme.The Rudd Government published a final white paper on 15 December 2008. The Government announced that the legislation was intended to take effect in July 2010; but the legislation for the CPRS (aka ETS) failed to gain adequate support and was twice rejected creating a double dissolution election trigger. After a bitter political debate which saw former opposition leader Malcolm Turnbull lose his leadership of the opposition to the anti-CPRS Tony Abbott. The Rudd government did not call an election and the CPRS lost public support. In April 2010, Labor then deferred the CPRS. A successor to the CPRS, the Carbon Pricing Mechanism (CPM) was passed into law as part of the Clean Energy Futures Package (CEF) in 2011, but was repealed in July 2014 following a change in government.