ppt
... Atmosphere – changes over hours Oceans – surface changes over weeks – depths change over millennia Biosphere – changes annually to centuries Cryosphere – ice, glaciers permafrost, snow ...
... Atmosphere – changes over hours Oceans – surface changes over weeks – depths change over millennia Biosphere – changes annually to centuries Cryosphere – ice, glaciers permafrost, snow ...
Atmospheric circulation as a source of uncertainty in climate change
... of climate change in which there is strong confidence, including not only the surface-temperature-related quantities mentioned above, but also certain global-scale patterns (for example, land–sea contrast, weakened tropical overturning), is based on thermodynamics. Circulation, on the other hand, is ...
... of climate change in which there is strong confidence, including not only the surface-temperature-related quantities mentioned above, but also certain global-scale patterns (for example, land–sea contrast, weakened tropical overturning), is based on thermodynamics. Circulation, on the other hand, is ...
Slide 1
... • Starting on January 1, a volume forecast from ‘now’ until the end of July is developed • Part of that forecast will arrive April – July producing the April 1 space requirements (rule curves) • The remainder of that forecast will arrive ‘now’ – March determining the rate of release to get down to t ...
... • Starting on January 1, a volume forecast from ‘now’ until the end of July is developed • Part of that forecast will arrive April – July producing the April 1 space requirements (rule curves) • The remainder of that forecast will arrive ‘now’ – March determining the rate of release to get down to t ...
Seven billion and 31 gigatons
... growth in the developing world for the problem of climate change. But that would be wrong. The United States contains 4% of the world's population but produces 18% of all greenhouse gas emissions [9]. As the footprints here show, that is 13 to 25 times the emissions of the typical Indian, Indonesian ...
... growth in the developing world for the problem of climate change. But that would be wrong. The United States contains 4% of the world's population but produces 18% of all greenhouse gas emissions [9]. As the footprints here show, that is 13 to 25 times the emissions of the typical Indian, Indonesian ...
Ocean Model Working Group
... One of the main accomplishments this year of the Biogeochemistry Working Group (BGCWG) has been the incorporation of active land, ocean, and atmosphere carbon cycle modules into the CCSM1 physical framework (CCSM1 carbon-climate model). The land biogeochemistry module is based on a merging of Carneg ...
... One of the main accomplishments this year of the Biogeochemistry Working Group (BGCWG) has been the incorporation of active land, ocean, and atmosphere carbon cycle modules into the CCSM1 physical framework (CCSM1 carbon-climate model). The land biogeochemistry module is based on a merging of Carneg ...
The 4 ‘I’s of Adaptation
... impacts are inevitable unless action is taken now. For more than 1 billion people living in the 100 most vulnerable countries1 – who are the least responsible for causing climate change – urgent and substantially scaled-up action is critical. This should involve a significant increase in support to ...
... impacts are inevitable unless action is taken now. For more than 1 billion people living in the 100 most vulnerable countries1 – who are the least responsible for causing climate change – urgent and substantially scaled-up action is critical. This should involve a significant increase in support to ...
Climate-Change Projects—Selling of Indulgences or High Road?
... The main feature of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is that it sets legally binding limits on greenhouse gas emissions. The developed countries that ratified the Protocol were assigned emission targets and a corresponding number of allowances ...
... The main feature of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is that it sets legally binding limits on greenhouse gas emissions. The developed countries that ratified the Protocol were assigned emission targets and a corresponding number of allowances ...
Professor Lord Nicholas Stern: Activities and Writings since 2008
... Professor Lord Nicholas Stern: Activities and Writings since 2008 (to end June 2013) ...
... Professor Lord Nicholas Stern: Activities and Writings since 2008 (to end June 2013) ...
AHGA paper McEvilly v5
... 1. The policy agenda is extremely fluid at present, and is under development at international, sovereign state and provincial levels. 2. In November-December 2009, a United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen will aim to develop a global climate agreement for the period from 2012 when th ...
... 1. The policy agenda is extremely fluid at present, and is under development at international, sovereign state and provincial levels. 2. In November-December 2009, a United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen will aim to develop a global climate agreement for the period from 2012 when th ...
Climate remains an important driver of post-European
... increase in annual temperature. However, multiple paleoclimatic records indicate an increase in moisture availability during this same transition that could be as ecologically important as warming (Stahle et al., 1988, 2013; Stahle & Cleaveland, 1992; Cook et al., 2010; Hubeny et al., 2011; McEwan e ...
... increase in annual temperature. However, multiple paleoclimatic records indicate an increase in moisture availability during this same transition that could be as ecologically important as warming (Stahle et al., 1988, 2013; Stahle & Cleaveland, 1992; Cook et al., 2010; Hubeny et al., 2011; McEwan e ...
Friday lecture part 2 - Pdx
... whether the most important topics were covered, 2) how well material was explained to the class, 3) whether good use of visual aids were made, 4) how well the group worked as a team, 4) whether the presentation was finished in the allocated time, and 5) optional confidential comments made by group m ...
... whether the most important topics were covered, 2) how well material was explained to the class, 3) whether good use of visual aids were made, 4) how well the group worked as a team, 4) whether the presentation was finished in the allocated time, and 5) optional confidential comments made by group m ...
Water and Climate in the Pacific Northwest
... general circulation models (GCM) suggest a temperature-induced shift from snow to rain and earlier snowmelt5. Similarly, in the Colorado River Basin, future projections in changes in runoff using a more topographically-complex regional climate model (RCM) are dominated by a combination of winter sno ...
... general circulation models (GCM) suggest a temperature-induced shift from snow to rain and earlier snowmelt5. Similarly, in the Colorado River Basin, future projections in changes in runoff using a more topographically-complex regional climate model (RCM) are dominated by a combination of winter sno ...
Summary of the ideas 2015 cut-off
... rates of tens of thousands of people from exposure to elevated air pollutant levels and caused an estimated $20 billion of global damage. With improvements to data and models over the past two decades, the NERC community is well placed to exploit these tools to better quantify the size, position and ...
... rates of tens of thousands of people from exposure to elevated air pollutant levels and caused an estimated $20 billion of global damage. With improvements to data and models over the past two decades, the NERC community is well placed to exploit these tools to better quantify the size, position and ...
Word format
... of climate to increasing CO2 concentration) by a suite of seven models having a wide range of sensitivities - including one with a particularly high sensitivity. And also, at the ‘low-end’: * Cosmetic “rounding up” of the calculated number from 1.0 to 1.4 0C, thus serving to lift it clear of the 1.0 ...
... of climate to increasing CO2 concentration) by a suite of seven models having a wide range of sensitivities - including one with a particularly high sensitivity. And also, at the ‘low-end’: * Cosmetic “rounding up” of the calculated number from 1.0 to 1.4 0C, thus serving to lift it clear of the 1.0 ...
Responses to Survey of the private sector
... alongside the GCF directly in low‐carbon assets. A GCF product which meets long‐term investors’ needs for assets which deliver long term bond‐like returns at a low fee base with a basic level of stewardship could be attractive for long‐term institutional investors, including pension funds, who ar ...
... alongside the GCF directly in low‐carbon assets. A GCF product which meets long‐term investors’ needs for assets which deliver long term bond‐like returns at a low fee base with a basic level of stewardship could be attractive for long‐term institutional investors, including pension funds, who ar ...
Global Warming - Year 10 Life Science
... the world’s oceans. The heat content has increased during recent decades and accounts for more than 90 per cent of the total heat accumulated by the land, air and ocean since the 1970s. Ocean warming is continuing, especially in the top several hundred metres of the ocean. Sea surface temperatures i ...
... the world’s oceans. The heat content has increased during recent decades and accounts for more than 90 per cent of the total heat accumulated by the land, air and ocean since the 1970s. Ocean warming is continuing, especially in the top several hundred metres of the ocean. Sea surface temperatures i ...
Global Warming`s Increasingly Visible Impacts
... Global warming is no longer just a prediction—it is actually happening. It is undisputed that the average temperature at the surface of the Earth has increased over the past century by about 1°F (0.6°C), with both the air and the oceans warming.1 Since 1880, when people in many locations first began ...
... Global warming is no longer just a prediction—it is actually happening. It is undisputed that the average temperature at the surface of the Earth has increased over the past century by about 1°F (0.6°C), with both the air and the oceans warming.1 Since 1880, when people in many locations first began ...
EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY WASHINGTON, D.C. 20503
... national flood risk standard for Federally funded projects beyond the Sandy-affected region. In the President’s Climate Action Plan, he followed through on this recommendation by directing agencies to update their floodrisk reduction standard to ensure that federally funded projects across the count ...
... national flood risk standard for Federally funded projects beyond the Sandy-affected region. In the President’s Climate Action Plan, he followed through on this recommendation by directing agencies to update their floodrisk reduction standard to ensure that federally funded projects across the count ...
Climate change: helping nature survive the human response
... where an observed vegetation recovery following the severe droughts that ended in the 1990s may be partially attributed to emigration (Olsson et al. 2005) spurred, in part, by the experienced climatic instability (Henry et al. 2003; Paré et al. 2008). Similarly, rural to urban migration in mega-div ...
... where an observed vegetation recovery following the severe droughts that ended in the 1990s may be partially attributed to emigration (Olsson et al. 2005) spurred, in part, by the experienced climatic instability (Henry et al. 2003; Paré et al. 2008). Similarly, rural to urban migration in mega-div ...
Slide 1
... This allocation gradually reduced by 1.3% per year Will reach zero by 2084! Aim is to minimise risk of farm production ‘leaking’ to other countries And to provide time for mitigation technologies to be developed ...
... This allocation gradually reduced by 1.3% per year Will reach zero by 2084! Aim is to minimise risk of farm production ‘leaking’ to other countries And to provide time for mitigation technologies to be developed ...
The Future of Freshwater - cpaws-bc
... The Flathead watershed contains largely intact and healthy aquatic ecosystems. Aquatic communities in the Castle watershed are more impacted by human activities but the watershed remains a valuable and functioning ecosystem biologically. Both watersheds contain high diversity of native species, incl ...
... The Flathead watershed contains largely intact and healthy aquatic ecosystems. Aquatic communities in the Castle watershed are more impacted by human activities but the watershed remains a valuable and functioning ecosystem biologically. Both watersheds contain high diversity of native species, incl ...