America's Climate Choices: Panel on Limiting the Research Council
... ackling climate change promises to be one of the most significant social and technological challenges of the 21st century. Since the industrial revolution, the atmosphere has been one of the world’s principal waste repositories because it has offered an easy and inexpensive means of managing unwante ...
... ackling climate change promises to be one of the most significant social and technological challenges of the 21st century. Since the industrial revolution, the atmosphere has been one of the world’s principal waste repositories because it has offered an easy and inexpensive means of managing unwante ...
Response of ocean phytoplankton community structure to climate
... Received: 21 May 2010 – Published in Biogeosciences Discuss.: 16 June 2010 Revised: 1 November 2010 – Accepted: 18 November 2010 – Published: 2 December 2010 ...
... Received: 21 May 2010 – Published in Biogeosciences Discuss.: 16 June 2010 Revised: 1 November 2010 – Accepted: 18 November 2010 – Published: 2 December 2010 ...
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... This course begins with the premise that moving toward sustainability involves mastering at least three sorts of skills and knowledge, and exercising them conjointly. First, moving toward sustainability require ...
... This course begins with the premise that moving toward sustainability involves mastering at least three sorts of skills and knowledge, and exercising them conjointly. First, moving toward sustainability require ...
On the Economics of Happiness and Climate Change Filka Sekulova
... impact of various degrees of floods and their distribution over time is tested in series of statistical regressions. Attention is also paid to the factors which could explain the relatively low subjective well-being in Bulgaria. Some of these are related to social capital, including trust and belief ...
... impact of various degrees of floods and their distribution over time is tested in series of statistical regressions. Attention is also paid to the factors which could explain the relatively low subjective well-being in Bulgaria. Some of these are related to social capital, including trust and belief ...
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... between 90% in the OECD to 50% in other regions. Globally, adaptation can achieve a damage reduction of roughly US$ 35 trillion at the cost of US$ 3 trillion, within the period 2000-2200 using a 3% discount rate. With these assumptions, it not surprising that PAGE can easily justify aggressive adapt ...
... between 90% in the OECD to 50% in other regions. Globally, adaptation can achieve a damage reduction of roughly US$ 35 trillion at the cost of US$ 3 trillion, within the period 2000-2200 using a 3% discount rate. With these assumptions, it not surprising that PAGE can easily justify aggressive adapt ...
Observed 20th Century Desert Dust Variability: Impact on Climate
... globally changing by a factor of 3-4 between glacial and interglacial time periods (Kohfeld and Harrison, 2001), and by a factor of four regionally over the latter part of the 20th century (Prospero and Lamb, 2003). However, how humans are perturbing desert dust is not well known. It is unclear whet ...
... globally changing by a factor of 3-4 between glacial and interglacial time periods (Kohfeld and Harrison, 2001), and by a factor of four regionally over the latter part of the 20th century (Prospero and Lamb, 2003). However, how humans are perturbing desert dust is not well known. It is unclear whet ...
Planning and costing adaptation of perennial crop systems to
... Rwanda depends almost exclusively on the quality of the rainy season and specific temperature ranges, it makes the country particularly vulnerable to climate variability and change. Moreover, the changing patterns of precipitation and the extreme events of storms and droughts lead not only to a decl ...
... Rwanda depends almost exclusively on the quality of the rainy season and specific temperature ranges, it makes the country particularly vulnerable to climate variability and change. Moreover, the changing patterns of precipitation and the extreme events of storms and droughts lead not only to a decl ...
Impact of climate change on Antarctic krill
... the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), have warmed more rapidly than the global ocean as a whole. Reported mid-depth Southern Ocean temperatures have risen by 0.17°C between the 1950s and the 1980s (Gille 2002; our Fig. 1D), and surface water temperatures west of the Antarctic Peninsula rose more ...
... the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), have warmed more rapidly than the global ocean as a whole. Reported mid-depth Southern Ocean temperatures have risen by 0.17°C between the 1950s and the 1980s (Gille 2002; our Fig. 1D), and surface water temperatures west of the Antarctic Peninsula rose more ...
Interaction of impacts of doubling CO2 and changing regional land
... without and with natural and anthropogenic land-cover changes that are assumed in the inner core of four hydrothermally different, but similar-sized (≈3.27x106 km2 ) regions (Yukon, Ob, St. Lawrence, Colorado, and lands adjacent to them). A further set of simulations assumes 710 ppm CO2 conditions w ...
... without and with natural and anthropogenic land-cover changes that are assumed in the inner core of four hydrothermally different, but similar-sized (≈3.27x106 km2 ) regions (Yukon, Ob, St. Lawrence, Colorado, and lands adjacent to them). A further set of simulations assumes 710 ppm CO2 conditions w ...
Climate Change and Hazard Zonation in the Circum
... The permafrost regions currently occupy about one-fourth of the earth’s land area (Brown et al., 1997; Brown and Haggerty, 1998; Zhang et al., 1999). At geographical scales involving regions of continental or hemispheric dimensions, the distribution of permafrost is usually represented as a series o ...
... The permafrost regions currently occupy about one-fourth of the earth’s land area (Brown et al., 1997; Brown and Haggerty, 1998; Zhang et al., 1999). At geographical scales involving regions of continental or hemispheric dimensions, the distribution of permafrost is usually represented as a series o ...
Biomes - SPS186.org
... Biomes are classification schemes which define biomes using climatic parameters. Particularly in the 1970s and 1980s, there was a significant push to understand the relationships between these climatic parameters and properties of ecosystem energetics because such discoveries would enable the predic ...
... Biomes are classification schemes which define biomes using climatic parameters. Particularly in the 1970s and 1980s, there was a significant push to understand the relationships between these climatic parameters and properties of ecosystem energetics because such discoveries would enable the predic ...
Simulating the winter North Atlantic Oscillation: the roles of internal
... and Iceland stations, Jones et al. (1997) produce a winter series from 1823 to the present (Fig. 1a shows a post-1874 series derived from this record). A disadvantage is that circulation variability that is unrelated to the NAO (i.e. with a different spatial structure) can have an influence on either ...
... and Iceland stations, Jones et al. (1997) produce a winter series from 1823 to the present (Fig. 1a shows a post-1874 series derived from this record). A disadvantage is that circulation variability that is unrelated to the NAO (i.e. with a different spatial structure) can have an influence on either ...
The effectiveness of climate finance: a review of the Adaptation Fund
... to shape the outcomes of global climate funds. We analyse whether the fund has been able to work a variety of (6) scales from global to local, and support both small and large size projects that can be replicated and scaled up. We also consider the funds approach to engaging with (7) enabling enviro ...
... to shape the outcomes of global climate funds. We analyse whether the fund has been able to work a variety of (6) scales from global to local, and support both small and large size projects that can be replicated and scaled up. We also consider the funds approach to engaging with (7) enabling enviro ...
Climate change, flooding, urbanisation and leptospirosis: fuelling
... Urbanisation can potentially magnify flooding intensity by ten-fold.58 Large cities are particularly prone to flooding owing to the combination of large paved, compacted or roofed areas that are more impermeable than vegetated land and generate more run-off. Furthermore, large urban areas can also cre ...
... Urbanisation can potentially magnify flooding intensity by ten-fold.58 Large cities are particularly prone to flooding owing to the combination of large paved, compacted or roofed areas that are more impermeable than vegetated land and generate more run-off. Furthermore, large urban areas can also cre ...
FIFTH NATIONAL COMMUNICATION of the Austrian Federal
... 1.1 Introduction The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was signed by 158 countries, including Austria, within the scope of the UN Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) held in Rio in June 1992. Austria, as the 58th country Party, ratified the UNFCCC on 27 Fe ...
... 1.1 Introduction The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was signed by 158 countries, including Austria, within the scope of the UN Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) held in Rio in June 1992. Austria, as the 58th country Party, ratified the UNFCCC on 27 Fe ...
corals and climate change - Environmental Defense Fund
... focused on these five counties. Those studies were performed by the respected engineering firm Hazen & Sawyer, in conjunction with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission.13 The Hazen & Sawyer researchers sought to determin ...
... focused on these five counties. Those studies were performed by the respected engineering firm Hazen & Sawyer, in conjunction with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission.13 The Hazen & Sawyer researchers sought to determin ...
CONSIDERATIONS FOR CLIMATE CHANGE AND VARIABILITY ADAPTATION ON THE
... compared to 20th century average occurrences, snowmelt and snowmelt-fed stream flow in many areas occurred earlier, and recent drought has been unusually severe when compared to other droughts over the last century (Garfin et al. 2013). All of these trends are expected to continue and could possibly ...
... compared to 20th century average occurrences, snowmelt and snowmelt-fed stream flow in many areas occurred earlier, and recent drought has been unusually severe when compared to other droughts over the last century (Garfin et al. 2013). All of these trends are expected to continue and could possibly ...
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... an irreplaceable role in water source conservation, run-off adjustment and biodiversity maintenance. In recent years, assessment of wetland resources affected by climate changes has aroused enormous attention, since it can further protect wetland resources and provide a scientific basis for decision ...
... an irreplaceable role in water source conservation, run-off adjustment and biodiversity maintenance. In recent years, assessment of wetland resources affected by climate changes has aroused enormous attention, since it can further protect wetland resources and provide a scientific basis for decision ...
America's Climate Choices: Panel on Adapting to the
... years, some states, cities, and sectors have begun to make plans to adapt to current and anticipated changes in the climate system. Some “early adopters” have focused primarily on limiting greenhouse gases (GHGs). Others, however, are also addressing ways to limit impacts of the anticipated changes, ...
... years, some states, cities, and sectors have begun to make plans to adapt to current and anticipated changes in the climate system. Some “early adopters” have focused primarily on limiting greenhouse gases (GHGs). Others, however, are also addressing ways to limit impacts of the anticipated changes, ...
Impacts of climate variability and extremes on global net primary
... prevalent in Amazonia, Africa and Australia. In dry years, however, we found a 3.2% reduction in global terrestrial NPP compared to the decadal mean, primarily due to limited moisture supply in tropical regions. At a global level, precipitation explained approximately 63% of the variation in terrest ...
... prevalent in Amazonia, Africa and Australia. In dry years, however, we found a 3.2% reduction in global terrestrial NPP compared to the decadal mean, primarily due to limited moisture supply in tropical regions. At a global level, precipitation explained approximately 63% of the variation in terrest ...
Climatic variation alters supply-side ecology
... recruitment at up to 10 sites along 320 km of coast in a rocky intertidal ecosystem, we examined the influence of climatic variation at 3–7 year (El Niño-Southern Oscillation [ENSO]), 7–10 year (North Pacific Gyre Oscillation [NPGO]), and 20þ year (Pacific Decadal Oscillation [PDO]) timescales. Phytop ...
... recruitment at up to 10 sites along 320 km of coast in a rocky intertidal ecosystem, we examined the influence of climatic variation at 3–7 year (El Niño-Southern Oscillation [ENSO]), 7–10 year (North Pacific Gyre Oscillation [NPGO]), and 20þ year (Pacific Decadal Oscillation [PDO]) timescales. Phytop ...
Couplings Between Changes in the Climate System and
... The first-generation coupled climate-carbon cycle models indicate that global warming will increase the fraction of anthropogenic CO2 that remains in the atmosphere. This positive climate-carbon cycle feedback leads to an additional increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration of 20 to 224 ppm by 2100, ...
... The first-generation coupled climate-carbon cycle models indicate that global warming will increase the fraction of anthropogenic CO2 that remains in the atmosphere. This positive climate-carbon cycle feedback leads to an additional increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration of 20 to 224 ppm by 2100, ...