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Untitled [Eric Dudley on Vicksburg and Chattanooga: The - H-Net
Untitled [Eric Dudley on Vicksburg and Chattanooga: The - H-Net

... pits. The result was a disorganized assault, caused more by the Union soldiers’ concern for their own safety and recognition that taking the ridge was their only real hope for protection against enemy fire (pp. 189-190). Surprisingly, the author neglects to mention Braxton Bragg’s blunder of fortify ...
A House Divided 5 - African American Civil War Museum
A House Divided 5 - African American Civil War Museum

... Some lawmakers, cabinet members, and military officers understood that the federal government needed to employ persons of African descent as laborers and as soldiers in order to weaken the South and win the war. Nevertheless, many enslaved persons seeking refuge behind Union lines were turned away e ...
Library Company of Philadelphia McA MSS 024 CIVIL WAR
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... A series of five related letters in Rousseau’s file partially document CSA Gen. Gideon Johnson  Pillow’s loss of personal property. A Tennessee lawyer, Pillow had served with distinction in  the Mexican War, and ran unsuccessfully for vice president in the 1852 and 1856 elections. His  part in the C ...
Unit Title: The Civil War Experience
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1862: Antietam and Emancipation
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... ESTIMATED CASUALTIES (DIED, INJURED, OR CAPTURED: 22,700 total SUMMARY: In September 1862, Confederate general Robert E. Lee left the South and moved his army into Maryland. No one could be sure exactly what he planned to do, but in an incredible stroke of luck, a copy of Lee’s plans (which had been ...
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Civil War Powerpoint Notes
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confederate heritage - Tennessee Division, Sons of Confederate
confederate heritage - Tennessee Division, Sons of Confederate

... more than its “fair share” through tariffs, the Southern states felt threatened politically and economically, and bound together for self-protection. 6) Lincoln’s call for troops to invade states that had already seceded. Lincoln’s call for 75,000 soldiers to invade the South did more to begin the w ...
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Battle of Gaines's Mill



The Battle of Gaines's Mill, sometimes known as the First Battle of Cold Harbor or the Battle of Chickahominy River, took place on June 27, 1862, in Hanover County, Virginia, as the third of the Seven Days Battles (Peninsula Campaign) of the American Civil War. Following the inconclusive Battle of Beaver Dam Creek (Mechanicsville) the previous day, Confederate General Robert E. Lee renewed his attacks against the right flank of the Union Army, relatively isolated on the northern side of the Chickahominy River. There, Brig. Gen. Fitz John Porter's V Corps had established a strong defensive line behind Boatswain's Swamp. Lee's force was destined to launch the largest Confederate attack of the war, about 57,000 men in six divisions. Porter's reinforced V Corps held fast for the afternoon as the Confederates attacked in a disjointed manner, first with the division of Maj. Gen. A.P. Hill, then Maj. Gen. Richard S. Ewell, suffering heavy casualties. The arrival of Maj. Gen. Stonewall Jackson's command was delayed, preventing the full concentration of Confederate force before Porter received some reinforcements from the VI Corps.At dusk, the Confederates finally mounted a coordinated assault that broke Porter's line and drove his men back toward the Chickahominy River. The Federals retreated across the river during the night. The Confederates were too disorganized to pursue the main Union force. Gaines's Mill saved Richmond for the Confederacy in 1862; the tactical defeat there convinced Army of the Potomac commander Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan to abandon his advance on Richmond and begin a retreat to the James River. The battle occurred in almost the same location as the 1864 Battle of Cold Harbor and had a similar number of total casualties.
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