2. Low Carbon Cities – The National Context
... legally binding provisions of the Kyoto Protocol only covered less than 40% of the world’s GHG emissions. With the 3rd IPCC Assessment Report, it also became clear that South Africa, along with other more advanced developing countries (e.g. China, India, Brazil, Mexico, South Korea and Saudi Arabia) ...
... legally binding provisions of the Kyoto Protocol only covered less than 40% of the world’s GHG emissions. With the 3rd IPCC Assessment Report, it also became clear that South Africa, along with other more advanced developing countries (e.g. China, India, Brazil, Mexico, South Korea and Saudi Arabia) ...
The Urgent State of the Earth - Department of Politics and
... the first international strategy to regulate human induced greenhouse gas emissions. It was eight years later when the treaty finally entered into force, and now, the Protocol is recognized for its inability to enforce that states commit to their emission reduction targets. Today, climate change has ...
... the first international strategy to regulate human induced greenhouse gas emissions. It was eight years later when the treaty finally entered into force, and now, the Protocol is recognized for its inability to enforce that states commit to their emission reduction targets. Today, climate change has ...
Unit 12 : Earth`s Changing Climate
... (1.4°F) since the early 20th century. Earth's climate is a complex system that is constantly changing, but the planet is warmer today than it has been for thousands of years, and current atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels have not been equaled for millions of years. As we will see below, ancien ...
... (1.4°F) since the early 20th century. Earth's climate is a complex system that is constantly changing, but the planet is warmer today than it has been for thousands of years, and current atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels have not been equaled for millions of years. As we will see below, ancien ...
The Marginal Damage Costs of Different Greenhouse Gases: An
... previous papers using GWPs may be underestimating the relative importance of reducing noncarbon dioxide greenhouse gas emissions from a climate damage perspective. Of particular interest is the sensitivity of results to carbon dioxide fertilization, which notably reduces the social cost of carbon di ...
... previous papers using GWPs may be underestimating the relative importance of reducing noncarbon dioxide greenhouse gas emissions from a climate damage perspective. Of particular interest is the sensitivity of results to carbon dioxide fertilization, which notably reduces the social cost of carbon di ...
Effects of Climate Change on Lakes
... Lake ecosystems are vital resources for aquatic wildlife and human needs, and any alteration of their environmental quality and water renewal rates has wide-ranging ecological and societal implications. The increasing accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere as a result of human activities ...
... Lake ecosystems are vital resources for aquatic wildlife and human needs, and any alteration of their environmental quality and water renewal rates has wide-ranging ecological and societal implications. The increasing accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere as a result of human activities ...
a pre-publication version here.
... don’t “get it.” Instead, we believe important insights can be gained from better understanding the way climate change has been communicated to date and how this communication has been received and interpreted. Based on these insights , we see something of a "perfect storm" that has made communicati ...
... don’t “get it.” Instead, we believe important insights can be gained from better understanding the way climate change has been communicated to date and how this communication has been received and interpreted. Based on these insights , we see something of a "perfect storm" that has made communicati ...
Download country chapter
... addressing the first four of these thematic areas, along with nine medium-term priorities with a focus on the last two thematic areas. The BCCSAP is a 10-year programme (2009–2018) designed to build capacity and resilience to meet climate change-derived challenges. This medium- to long-term programm ...
... addressing the first four of these thematic areas, along with nine medium-term priorities with a focus on the last two thematic areas. The BCCSAP is a 10-year programme (2009–2018) designed to build capacity and resilience to meet climate change-derived challenges. This medium- to long-term programm ...
retrieve Climate Change Impacts on the Great Lakes
... increased levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and what kinds of adaptation strategies might be needed to account for this. Such considerations, for example, form part of the assessment of the management of flows and lake levels in the IJC Upper Great Lakes Study (International Joint Commiss ...
... increased levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and what kinds of adaptation strategies might be needed to account for this. Such considerations, for example, form part of the assessment of the management of flows and lake levels in the IJC Upper Great Lakes Study (International Joint Commiss ...
The Economics of Climate Change Impacts: A Case Study on
... adoption of a range of mitigation measures. For example, European Union (EU) countries such as The Netherlands, and U.S. states such as Washington and Massachusetts, have adopted mitigation measures with the aid of impact assessments. The motivation for adopting such targets has been to avoid the ...
... adoption of a range of mitigation measures. For example, European Union (EU) countries such as The Netherlands, and U.S. states such as Washington and Massachusetts, have adopted mitigation measures with the aid of impact assessments. The motivation for adopting such targets has been to avoid the ...
Document
... • we need to make our contribution to GHG reduction • we need to manage the financial impact • business would like to have some control … not just be ‘hit’ by taxes • the CBI favours cap & trade methods to e.g doubling CCL • CRC provides - opportunity to trade - incentives for action - gets the atte ...
... • we need to make our contribution to GHG reduction • we need to manage the financial impact • business would like to have some control … not just be ‘hit’ by taxes • the CBI favours cap & trade methods to e.g doubling CCL • CRC provides - opportunity to trade - incentives for action - gets the atte ...
Study of Impacts of Global Warming on Climate Change
... Extreme rainfall and flood risk in the UK: Multi-day rainfall events are an important cause of recent severe flooding in the UK and any change in the magnitude of such events may have severe impacts upon urban structures such as dams, urban drainage systems and flood defences and cause failures to o ...
... Extreme rainfall and flood risk in the UK: Multi-day rainfall events are an important cause of recent severe flooding in the UK and any change in the magnitude of such events may have severe impacts upon urban structures such as dams, urban drainage systems and flood defences and cause failures to o ...
Annexes
... is also synonymous with the term ‘business-as-usual (BAU) scenario,’ although the term ‘BAU’ has fallen out of favour because the idea of ‘business-as-usual’ in century-long socioeconomic projections is hard to fathom. See also Climate scenario, Emission scenario, Representative concentration pathwa ...
... is also synonymous with the term ‘business-as-usual (BAU) scenario,’ although the term ‘BAU’ has fallen out of favour because the idea of ‘business-as-usual’ in century-long socioeconomic projections is hard to fathom. See also Climate scenario, Emission scenario, Representative concentration pathwa ...
Brief summary of the impact of ship emissions on atmospheric
... considered in light of the recent research that has identified: (1) the long-range fate and transport of these pollutants; (2) the impact of these pollutants on human health and climate; and (3) the cost-effectiveness of reducing such pollutants in the context of alternative reduction options. With ...
... considered in light of the recent research that has identified: (1) the long-range fate and transport of these pollutants; (2) the impact of these pollutants on human health and climate; and (3) the cost-effectiveness of reducing such pollutants in the context of alternative reduction options. With ...
The Role of Transportation in Driving Climate Disruption
... yet complex. Air pollutants—ozone-forming nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, particulate matter, and sulfur oxides—affect the global climate both directly and indirectly. Air pollution indirectly inhibits Earth’s ability to emit radiation back into space. Some air pollutants react wi ...
... yet complex. Air pollutants—ozone-forming nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, particulate matter, and sulfur oxides—affect the global climate both directly and indirectly. Air pollution indirectly inhibits Earth’s ability to emit radiation back into space. Some air pollutants react wi ...
pdf
... students background on climate change. There are a number of things that can alter the global temperature: changes in the sun’s activity, distance of the sun’s orbit from earth, volcanic eruptions, greenhouse gas emissions (including aerosols, which can provide a cooling effect). However, we know fr ...
... students background on climate change. There are a number of things that can alter the global temperature: changes in the sun’s activity, distance of the sun’s orbit from earth, volcanic eruptions, greenhouse gas emissions (including aerosols, which can provide a cooling effect). However, we know fr ...
1 - weADAPT
... rainfall season in more significant. Figure 3 gives the climatological zones of Burundi. The major weather systems influencing rainfall over the country can be summarized as Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), The Congo Airmass, Equatorial Trough, East African Ridge, the Southern Hemisphere semi- ...
... rainfall season in more significant. Figure 3 gives the climatological zones of Burundi. The major weather systems influencing rainfall over the country can be summarized as Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), The Congo Airmass, Equatorial Trough, East African Ridge, the Southern Hemisphere semi- ...
Negotiation Indices - European Capacity Building Initiative
... • AR4: There is now higher confidence in projected patterns of warming, and other regional-scale features, including changes in wind patterns, precipitation and some aspects of extreme events and changes in ice cover ...
... • AR4: There is now higher confidence in projected patterns of warming, and other regional-scale features, including changes in wind patterns, precipitation and some aspects of extreme events and changes in ice cover ...
HAPR 72
... basal aquifers that percolate through islands and float on posed by climate change in PIDCs must include both mitidenser salt or brackish water [79]. Groundwater is the pri- gation and adaptation components. As outlined below, the mary source of water for some PIDCs [80], such as Kiribati, former st ...
... basal aquifers that percolate through islands and float on posed by climate change in PIDCs must include both mitidenser salt or brackish water [79]. Groundwater is the pri- gation and adaptation components. As outlined below, the mary source of water for some PIDCs [80], such as Kiribati, former st ...
The time lag between a carbon dioxide emission and maximum
... This balance is sensitive to a range of factors, which differ widely across Earth System Models: the sensitivity of the marine and terrestrial carbon sinks to changes in atmospheric CO2 and climate, which determines the decline of atmospheric CO2; the rate of mixing of heat into the deep ocean, whic ...
... This balance is sensitive to a range of factors, which differ widely across Earth System Models: the sensitivity of the marine and terrestrial carbon sinks to changes in atmospheric CO2 and climate, which determines the decline of atmospheric CO2; the rate of mixing of heat into the deep ocean, whic ...
Aalborg Universitet Heiselberg, Per Kvols
... 2.2 Climate scenarios Table 2 summarizes the climate scenarios considered in this study. As references, building’s performance for the climate of Växjö are modelled ...
... 2.2 Climate scenarios Table 2 summarizes the climate scenarios considered in this study. As references, building’s performance for the climate of Växjö are modelled ...
China and climate change: the good, the bad and the ugly
... two emitters, the Chinese and US ratifications will, in all likelihood, be the tipping point for the Paris Agreement entering into force shortly. Domestically, climate change was not a priority for China until 2006, when it became the world’s largest GHG emitter, which increased both international a ...
... two emitters, the Chinese and US ratifications will, in all likelihood, be the tipping point for the Paris Agreement entering into force shortly. Domestically, climate change was not a priority for China until 2006, when it became the world’s largest GHG emitter, which increased both international a ...