Peak and Decline Emissions Paths and the Global Warming Target
... Climate scientists have studied a wide range of future emissions pathways out to or beyond 2100, with climate models of varying degrees of complexity used to assess the implied climate outcomes for each pathway. The prevailing approach in the literature to providing guidance on what future paths are ...
... Climate scientists have studied a wide range of future emissions pathways out to or beyond 2100, with climate models of varying degrees of complexity used to assess the implied climate outcomes for each pathway. The prevailing approach in the literature to providing guidance on what future paths are ...
A Decade of Synthesis and Modeling in the U.S. Joint Global Ocean
... the JGOFS era (e.g., Fasham et al., 2001; Buesseler, 2001; Fasham, 2003). Yet many critical questions remain unresolved. Some issues would sound very familiar to the planners of the earliest JGOFS experiments. For example, there is still considerable uncertainty about the seasonal to interannual var ...
... the JGOFS era (e.g., Fasham et al., 2001; Buesseler, 2001; Fasham, 2003). Yet many critical questions remain unresolved. Some issues would sound very familiar to the planners of the earliest JGOFS experiments. For example, there is still considerable uncertainty about the seasonal to interannual var ...
FHWA Workshop 3 GHG Mitigation Strategies DT
... Truck size and weight, freight urban consolidation centers, transportation agency energy efficient buildings, alt fuel fleet and construction vehicles ...
... Truck size and weight, freight urban consolidation centers, transportation agency energy efficient buildings, alt fuel fleet and construction vehicles ...
Global Environmental Change Issues in the Western Indian Ocean
... problem. General circulatio n models presently do not provide the necessary finescale resolutio n required for ascertaining such smaller-scale effects. In addition , there is little agreement between the forecasts from different models of past. present , o r future patterns on such fundame ntal clim ...
... problem. General circulatio n models presently do not provide the necessary finescale resolutio n required for ascertaining such smaller-scale effects. In addition , there is little agreement between the forecasts from different models of past. present , o r future patterns on such fundame ntal clim ...
English
... must be inclusive, gender-responsive, and prioritize the poorest and most vulnerable. The Paris Agreement has laid out the path for the world to work together and it is now our responsibility to take those steps and achieve those ambitions. We must now work with all members of society to take bold a ...
... must be inclusive, gender-responsive, and prioritize the poorest and most vulnerable. The Paris Agreement has laid out the path for the world to work together and it is now our responsibility to take those steps and achieve those ambitions. We must now work with all members of society to take bold a ...
reportedly biased - Galileo Movement
... to assess the “pursuit of the truth, fairness and accuracy” in the “Australian media”. Professor Morton makes two vitally important points in his response. 1. The ACIJ report has no implications for the “Australian media” generally, but rather, according to Professor Morton, only the “selection of s ...
... to assess the “pursuit of the truth, fairness and accuracy” in the “Australian media”. Professor Morton makes two vitally important points in his response. 1. The ACIJ report has no implications for the “Australian media” generally, but rather, according to Professor Morton, only the “selection of s ...
CLIMATE CHANGE IN NORTHERN AFRICA
... 3. Sensitivity of Global Climate to Holocene Orbital Forcing and Increased Atmospheric CO2 Concentrations The global pattern of differences in near-surface temperatures during the boreal summer (June, July, August) between the Holocene simulation at 6 ky BP and the control simulation (Figure 3a) rev ...
... 3. Sensitivity of Global Climate to Holocene Orbital Forcing and Increased Atmospheric CO2 Concentrations The global pattern of differences in near-surface temperatures during the boreal summer (June, July, August) between the Holocene simulation at 6 ky BP and the control simulation (Figure 3a) rev ...
Fourth Carbon Budget Review – part 1
... often beyond what was envisaged when the fourth carbon budget was set. The UN process working towards global agreement continues slowly but broadly as expected; the aim is that there is a new agreement by the end of 2015 to deliver deep emissions cuts compatible with limiting warming to 2°C. Given t ...
... often beyond what was envisaged when the fourth carbon budget was set. The UN process working towards global agreement continues slowly but broadly as expected; the aim is that there is a new agreement by the end of 2015 to deliver deep emissions cuts compatible with limiting warming to 2°C. Given t ...
No consensus on consensus
... The IPCC itself expends considerable effort in assessing uncertainty and levels of confidence in the scientific findings as described in the recent special issue in Climatic Change on Guidance for Characterizing and Communicating Uncertainty and Confidence in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climatic ...
... The IPCC itself expends considerable effort in assessing uncertainty and levels of confidence in the scientific findings as described in the recent special issue in Climatic Change on Guidance for Characterizing and Communicating Uncertainty and Confidence in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climatic ...
on the model applied (particularly on the
... in the mid-latitudes produces cooling and decreases in the mean daily temperature range over many areas. The A2 scenario results in more significant change, often of opposite sign, than does the B1 scenario. As anthropogenic impacts on Earth_s surface continue to accelerate, the effects of these act ...
... in the mid-latitudes produces cooling and decreases in the mean daily temperature range over many areas. The A2 scenario results in more significant change, often of opposite sign, than does the B1 scenario. As anthropogenic impacts on Earth_s surface continue to accelerate, the effects of these act ...
Efficient Adaptation to Climate Change
... aggressive policies to begin to curb emissions, greenhouse gases are nonetheless expected to continue to grow (Houghton et al., 1996). Whether the world’s governments settle on strict abatement policies or no policies at all, one issue every country in the world must face is how to adapt to the futu ...
... aggressive policies to begin to curb emissions, greenhouse gases are nonetheless expected to continue to grow (Houghton et al., 1996). Whether the world’s governments settle on strict abatement policies or no policies at all, one issue every country in the world must face is how to adapt to the futu ...
CHANGING HOW EARTH SYSTEM MODELING IS DONE TO
... how many simulations were needed to detect anthropogenic changes in air temperature, precipitation, and sea level pressure predicted by a general circulation model with its between-run variations arising only from simulated random atmospheric and oceanic processes. They found that <10 simulations we ...
... how many simulations were needed to detect anthropogenic changes in air temperature, precipitation, and sea level pressure predicted by a general circulation model with its between-run variations arising only from simulated random atmospheric and oceanic processes. They found that <10 simulations we ...
Challenges to adaptation - National Center for Atmospheric Research
... Department of Geography, Planning and Environment, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA ...
... Department of Geography, Planning and Environment, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA ...
An Economic Analysis of Climate Adaptations to Hurricane Risk in St
... the expected benefits of these measures over the next few years.12 It might also be the case that individuals do not know what measures are cost-effective over a given period of time. This paper also evaluates the relative attractiveness of four alternative adaptation measures through benefit-cost a ...
... the expected benefits of these measures over the next few years.12 It might also be the case that individuals do not know what measures are cost-effective over a given period of time. This paper also evaluates the relative attractiveness of four alternative adaptation measures through benefit-cost a ...
Hurricanes - EnviroEcon
... Have hurricanes become more intense? The evidence for the Atlantic is suggestive, but not conclusive at this point. Globally: no Should we expect that hurricanes will become more intense? Yes. Heavier rains, stronger winds, stronger storm surges. ATMOS 1020, Climate Change, Thomas Reichl ...
... Have hurricanes become more intense? The evidence for the Atlantic is suggestive, but not conclusive at this point. Globally: no Should we expect that hurricanes will become more intense? Yes. Heavier rains, stronger winds, stronger storm surges. ATMOS 1020, Climate Change, Thomas Reichl ...
SDSM-a decision support tool for the assessment of regional
... Secondly, Regional Climate Models (RCMs) simulate sub-GCM grid-scale climate features dynamically using time-varying atmospheric conditions supplied by a GCM bounding a specified domain. Both approaches will continue to play a significant role in the assessment of potential climate change impacts ar ...
... Secondly, Regional Climate Models (RCMs) simulate sub-GCM grid-scale climate features dynamically using time-varying atmospheric conditions supplied by a GCM bounding a specified domain. Both approaches will continue to play a significant role in the assessment of potential climate change impacts ar ...
A severe centennial-scale drought in mid
... appear to represent hydroclimatic changes that are still poorly understood. Droughts spanning several years to several decades are documented throughout the late Holocene, and many of these had substantial ecological and socioeconomic effects (Hodell et al., 1995; Woodhouse and Overpeck, 1998; Stahl ...
... appear to represent hydroclimatic changes that are still poorly understood. Droughts spanning several years to several decades are documented throughout the late Holocene, and many of these had substantial ecological and socioeconomic effects (Hodell et al., 1995; Woodhouse and Overpeck, 1998; Stahl ...
Module β1
... between sources and sinks ◦ Rates not known with absolute certainty ◦ Factors can affect sink rates, such as ocean currents for dissolution ◦ Higher CO2 concentrations could have effects on rates, such as uptake by plants ...
... between sources and sinks ◦ Rates not known with absolute certainty ◦ Factors can affect sink rates, such as ocean currents for dissolution ◦ Higher CO2 concentrations could have effects on rates, such as uptake by plants ...
Debating Climate Economics: The Stern Review vs
... usual would be expected to reduce GDP by 5% based on market impacts alone, or 11% including a rough estimate for the value of health and environmental effects that do not have market prices (“externalities,” in the jargon of economics). If the sensitivity of climate to CO2 levels turns out to be hig ...
... usual would be expected to reduce GDP by 5% based on market impacts alone, or 11% including a rough estimate for the value of health and environmental effects that do not have market prices (“externalities,” in the jargon of economics). If the sensitivity of climate to CO2 levels turns out to be hig ...
http://www.magrama.gob.es/es/cambio-climatico/publicaciones/documentacion/cle_ene_pla_urg_mea_tcm7-12478.pdf
... private and public entities, and it will encourage citizens to contribute to the fight against climate change. This Strategy is based on the reference framework of the “Spanish Strategy for the fulfilment of the objectives under the Kyoto Protocol” approved by the Plenary session of the National Cli ...
... private and public entities, and it will encourage citizens to contribute to the fight against climate change. This Strategy is based on the reference framework of the “Spanish Strategy for the fulfilment of the objectives under the Kyoto Protocol” approved by the Plenary session of the National Cli ...
Comparative biology of different plant pathogens to estimate effects
... methods and select varieties with disease resistance able to operate in warmer climates. Climate change globally may exacerbate the threat to food security posed by crop diseases, (Stukenbrock and McDonald 2008), which currently are estimated to cause losses of 16% of crop production worldwide (Oerk ...
... methods and select varieties with disease resistance able to operate in warmer climates. Climate change globally may exacerbate the threat to food security posed by crop diseases, (Stukenbrock and McDonald 2008), which currently are estimated to cause losses of 16% of crop production worldwide (Oerk ...
American Evangelicals and Domestic Versus International Climate
... agreements to deal with climate change. This phenomenon is distinctly linked to being evangelical. We do not find a similar effect for other groups of Christians. Furthermore, this effect appears to be independent of the high levels of political conservatism found among American evangelicals. Conser ...
... agreements to deal with climate change. This phenomenon is distinctly linked to being evangelical. We do not find a similar effect for other groups of Christians. Furthermore, this effect appears to be independent of the high levels of political conservatism found among American evangelicals. Conser ...
What Is and Is Not Known About Climate Change in Illinois
... carefully qualify their statements because GCMs are unable to define regional climate values (Rind, 1989; Kalkstein, 1991). This inability to specify present and therefore future regional conditions makes it difficult to assess possible changes on the physical systems such as water resources, as wel ...
... carefully qualify their statements because GCMs are unable to define regional climate values (Rind, 1989; Kalkstein, 1991). This inability to specify present and therefore future regional conditions makes it difficult to assess possible changes on the physical systems such as water resources, as wel ...
National Park Service
... parklands to administer, Alaska park managers need to better understand possible climate change trends in order to better manage Arctic, subarctic, and coastal ecosystems and human uses of these areas. National Park Service (NPS) managers have been exploring scenario planning as an alternative appro ...
... parklands to administer, Alaska park managers need to better understand possible climate change trends in order to better manage Arctic, subarctic, and coastal ecosystems and human uses of these areas. National Park Service (NPS) managers have been exploring scenario planning as an alternative appro ...
SID5 Form - Defra Science Search
... mutual agreement, both for GECC as a whole and for its sub-groups. GECC holds an annual high level meeting while sub-groups meet about every six months, but more frequently if business requires; ...
... mutual agreement, both for GECC as a whole and for its sub-groups. GECC holds an annual high level meeting while sub-groups meet about every six months, but more frequently if business requires; ...