Document
... REDD+ Social and Environmental Safeguards are created: • To avoid possible risks and social & environmental damages coming from REDD+. • To ensure social & environmental benefits from REDD+. ...
... REDD+ Social and Environmental Safeguards are created: • To avoid possible risks and social & environmental damages coming from REDD+. • To ensure social & environmental benefits from REDD+. ...
Behavioral Public Choice and the Carbon Tax
... policies that conservatives arguably should find more repugnant, both because those policies are less efficient and because they entail greater government intrusion into the economy and people’s private lives. Because of opportunity cost neglect, the public strongly supports the government’s current ...
... policies that conservatives arguably should find more repugnant, both because those policies are less efficient and because they entail greater government intrusion into the economy and people’s private lives. Because of opportunity cost neglect, the public strongly supports the government’s current ...
Increasing impacts of climate change upon ecosystems with
... both terrestrial and marine ecosystems across the globe (Fischlin et al. 2007). Search engines were first used to identify references in the peer reviewed literature, and further references were then derived from information provided within these. Existing reviews (Gitay et al. 2001; Thomas et al. 2 ...
... both terrestrial and marine ecosystems across the globe (Fischlin et al. 2007). Search engines were first used to identify references in the peer reviewed literature, and further references were then derived from information provided within these. Existing reviews (Gitay et al. 2001; Thomas et al. 2 ...
Quantifying uncertainties of permafrost carbon
... permafrost ranges from a release of 16 to 89 Gt C OC-1 from the land surface (Arora et al., 2013). For the CMIP5 models, this is offset by CO2 fertilisation of the land surface, making the land surface a net sink. Burke et al. (2013) estimated the permafrost-specific carbon feedback (ƔPF) that was m ...
... permafrost ranges from a release of 16 to 89 Gt C OC-1 from the land surface (Arora et al., 2013). For the CMIP5 models, this is offset by CO2 fertilisation of the land surface, making the land surface a net sink. Burke et al. (2013) estimated the permafrost-specific carbon feedback (ƔPF) that was m ...
Economic growth and development with low-carbon energy
... contemporary drivers of growth (McCulloch 2016). The significance of modern energy for economic development is recognized in the Sustainable Development Goals, which list “access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy” as one of their objectives.3 However, in the future access to fos ...
... contemporary drivers of growth (McCulloch 2016). The significance of modern energy for economic development is recognized in the Sustainable Development Goals, which list “access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy” as one of their objectives.3 However, in the future access to fos ...
Urban Areas - Southwest Climate Assessment Report
... populations who lack air conditioning or access to cooling shelters. Myriad and overlapping governmental organizations are responsible for public goods and services in the region, as in other parts of the country. Their jurisdictions generally do not correspond to ecosystem or watershed boundaries, ...
... populations who lack air conditioning or access to cooling shelters. Myriad and overlapping governmental organizations are responsible for public goods and services in the region, as in other parts of the country. Their jurisdictions generally do not correspond to ecosystem or watershed boundaries, ...
osu climate plan draft - Finance and Administration
... large percentage of OSU’s electrical consumption with additions of clean, renewable energy to the electrical grid. 14) “Carbon offsets” are reductions of greenhouse gases that can be used to counteract emissions from other activities, measured in metric tonnes of CO2e. While similar, carbon offsets ...
... large percentage of OSU’s electrical consumption with additions of clean, renewable energy to the electrical grid. 14) “Carbon offsets” are reductions of greenhouse gases that can be used to counteract emissions from other activities, measured in metric tonnes of CO2e. While similar, carbon offsets ...
Climate Relicts: Past, Present, Future
... 2010). Changes in geographic distributions do not simply result from the simultaneous migration of populations throughout the range. Instead, they are generated by widespread establishment of new populations at the leading edge of a species distribution and extinction of populations at the retreatin ...
... 2010). Changes in geographic distributions do not simply result from the simultaneous migration of populations throughout the range. Instead, they are generated by widespread establishment of new populations at the leading edge of a species distribution and extinction of populations at the retreatin ...
The role of land carbon sinks in mitigating global
... increased, international efforts have focused on ways in which anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2), can be reduced. The 1997 Kyoto Protocol committed the developed nations to reducing their aggregate emissions of greenhouse gases by 5.2% below their emissio ...
... increased, international efforts have focused on ways in which anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2), can be reduced. The 1997 Kyoto Protocol committed the developed nations to reducing their aggregate emissions of greenhouse gases by 5.2% below their emissio ...
The fate of Amazonian ecosystems over the coming century arising
... 2013). Findings of increasing biomass in studies of forest inventories in the tropics have been interpreted as indicating that CO2 fertilization may be occurring (Baker et al., 2004; Lewis et al., 2009); however, there is currently limited direct evidence from large-scale experimental studies in tro ...
... 2013). Findings of increasing biomass in studies of forest inventories in the tropics have been interpreted as indicating that CO2 fertilization may be occurring (Baker et al., 2004; Lewis et al., 2009); however, there is currently limited direct evidence from large-scale experimental studies in tro ...
Changing Shades of Green: The environmental and cultural impacts
... temperatures increased by 0.72ºC (1.3ºF) during the last century. This shift is particularly noteworthy for its pace. Since 1980, Ireland’s average temperatures have climbed at a much faster rate—0.44ºC (0.79ºF) per decade—than the global average. The Irish who sense that the weather has changed in ...
... temperatures increased by 0.72ºC (1.3ºF) during the last century. This shift is particularly noteworthy for its pace. Since 1980, Ireland’s average temperatures have climbed at a much faster rate—0.44ºC (0.79ºF) per decade—than the global average. The Irish who sense that the weather has changed in ...
Climate Change in the Wet Tropics
... Cloud stripping is a significant source of fresh water in the region. Temperature increases are likely to cause a rise in the altitude of the cloud layer, reducing the area where cloud stripping can occur and diminishing catchment runoff. Reduced stream flows will have ecological impacts and will al ...
... Cloud stripping is a significant source of fresh water in the region. Temperature increases are likely to cause a rise in the altitude of the cloud layer, reducing the area where cloud stripping can occur and diminishing catchment runoff. Reduced stream flows will have ecological impacts and will al ...
Modeling the Monsoons in a Changing Climate
... temperature and atmospheric moisture content are inherently related the obvious question is how the global hydrological cycle will respond to changes in temperature. Observations over the last 1000 years indicate that carbon dioxide (CO2) amount has increased by 25% since the industrial revolution, ...
... temperature and atmospheric moisture content are inherently related the obvious question is how the global hydrological cycle will respond to changes in temperature. Observations over the last 1000 years indicate that carbon dioxide (CO2) amount has increased by 25% since the industrial revolution, ...
Microsoft Word 2007 - UWE Research Repository
... Most important question about Climate Change “How bad is it?” “When will it affect us?” “What is the worst case scenario?” “What are the facts about it actually existing? There is a lot of evidence against it” “What is the best / most reliable theory to believe?” Most important question about: Clima ...
... Most important question about Climate Change “How bad is it?” “When will it affect us?” “What is the worst case scenario?” “What are the facts about it actually existing? There is a lot of evidence against it” “What is the best / most reliable theory to believe?” Most important question about: Clima ...
PDF
... the OECD’s ENV-Linkages model. The structural approach has one major challenge in its complexity. The possible pathways through which emissions may affect economic outcomes are numerous and, even if each pathway could be understood, how they interact and aggregate to determine macroeconomic outcomes ...
... the OECD’s ENV-Linkages model. The structural approach has one major challenge in its complexity. The possible pathways through which emissions may affect economic outcomes are numerous and, even if each pathway could be understood, how they interact and aggregate to determine macroeconomic outcomes ...
Climate change impacts on Australia`s alpine ecosystems
... underneath the snow pack (subnivean space) (Sanecki et al. 2006a; Sanecki et al. 2006b). Reduced snow cover (both in area and depth) will therefore impact directly on these species by reducing the availability of subnivean habitat. It may also increase their susceptibility to predation (Green and Sa ...
... underneath the snow pack (subnivean space) (Sanecki et al. 2006a; Sanecki et al. 2006b). Reduced snow cover (both in area and depth) will therefore impact directly on these species by reducing the availability of subnivean habitat. It may also increase their susceptibility to predation (Green and Sa ...
overcoming barriers to the adoption of climate-friendly
... of climate-friendly practices is essential to understand and address this gap. This activity is an important precursor to designing or restructuring policies to stimulate climate-friendly behaviour. This report analyses the potential barriers to the adoption of climate-friendly practices, ranging fr ...
... of climate-friendly practices is essential to understand and address this gap. This activity is an important precursor to designing or restructuring policies to stimulate climate-friendly behaviour. This report analyses the potential barriers to the adoption of climate-friendly practices, ranging fr ...
Combating Climate Change - The German Adaptation Strategy
... that keeping down the amount of harmful greenhouse gases that escape into the atmosphere helps to keep down the cost of adaptation. To this extent there is an inextricable connection between climate protection and adaptation: they are two sides of the same coin, and form the two pillars on which Ger ...
... that keeping down the amount of harmful greenhouse gases that escape into the atmosphere helps to keep down the cost of adaptation. To this extent there is an inextricable connection between climate protection and adaptation: they are two sides of the same coin, and form the two pillars on which Ger ...
Overview of linkages between gender and climate change – Africa
... different coping and adaptive capacities, which lend themselves to differing vulnerabilities and responses (UNDP 2010b). Existing gender-based inequalities such as access to land and other assets limit the ability of women to respond to the effects of climate change (FAO 2011; World Bank 2011a). A r ...
... different coping and adaptive capacities, which lend themselves to differing vulnerabilities and responses (UNDP 2010b). Existing gender-based inequalities such as access to land and other assets limit the ability of women to respond to the effects of climate change (FAO 2011; World Bank 2011a). A r ...
Divest DU Report - University of Denver
... Conversely, divesting from fossil fuel companies would act as a moral stand “What has become clear from demonstrating our University's support of the well being of current and future generations of the science is that we cannot graduating pioneers. Both of our Chancellors burn all of the fossil fuel ...
... Conversely, divesting from fossil fuel companies would act as a moral stand “What has become clear from demonstrating our University's support of the well being of current and future generations of the science is that we cannot graduating pioneers. Both of our Chancellors burn all of the fossil fuel ...
Causes of exceptional atmospheric circulation changes in the
... millennial control run utilized is obtained from the Hadley Centre coupled model HadCM3 [Gordon et al., 2000; Collins et al., 2001]. Prior to calculating the model’s internal variability, we assess whether the model SAM is realistic. Note that the model SAM was derived similarly to the observations: ...
... millennial control run utilized is obtained from the Hadley Centre coupled model HadCM3 [Gordon et al., 2000; Collins et al., 2001]. Prior to calculating the model’s internal variability, we assess whether the model SAM is realistic. Note that the model SAM was derived similarly to the observations: ...
nicpp final report
... nothing wrong with initiatives to increase energy efficiency or diversify energy sources, they cannot be justified as a realistic means to control climate. In addition, policies have been developed that try to hide the huge cost of greenhouse gas controls, such as cap and trade, a Clean Development ...
... nothing wrong with initiatives to increase energy efficiency or diversify energy sources, they cannot be justified as a realistic means to control climate. In addition, policies have been developed that try to hide the huge cost of greenhouse gas controls, such as cap and trade, a Clean Development ...
Monitoring programs sponsored by the Ontario Ministry of Natural
... 2013, Natel et al. in prep.). Given that change results from genetic, physiological, and ecological variations that can coalesce into effects with significant social and ecological ramifications, the collection and analysis of data within a scientifically sound framework over time is critical to inf ...
... 2013, Natel et al. in prep.). Given that change results from genetic, physiological, and ecological variations that can coalesce into effects with significant social and ecological ramifications, the collection and analysis of data within a scientifically sound framework over time is critical to inf ...
Parmesan
... concerned with other global change factors: land use change, nitrogen fertilization, and the direct effects of increased atmospheric CO2 on plant ecophysiology. Just 14 years later, the direct impacts of anthropogenic climate change have been documented on every continent, in every ocean, and in mos ...
... concerned with other global change factors: land use change, nitrogen fertilization, and the direct effects of increased atmospheric CO2 on plant ecophysiology. Just 14 years later, the direct impacts of anthropogenic climate change have been documented on every continent, in every ocean, and in mos ...