Information Integration Over Time in Unreliable
... techniques have been proposed to reconcile these conflicts by computing a weighted consensus based on source reliabilities, but these techniques focus on static values. When the real-world entity evolves over time, the noisy sources can delay, or even miss, reporting some of the real-world updates. ...
... techniques have been proposed to reconcile these conflicts by computing a weighted consensus based on source reliabilities, but these techniques focus on static values. When the real-world entity evolves over time, the noisy sources can delay, or even miss, reporting some of the real-world updates. ...
National Survey of Canada`s Infrastructure Engineers about Climate
... Professional engineers play a critical role in the development and preservation of built infrastructure. Therefore, it is critical that engineers are prepared to address all of the factors that can affect infrastructure – including climate change. In 2007, CSA Group conducted a national survey of ...
... Professional engineers play a critical role in the development and preservation of built infrastructure. Therefore, it is critical that engineers are prepared to address all of the factors that can affect infrastructure – including climate change. In 2007, CSA Group conducted a national survey of ...
No. 63, JANUARY 2010 Norbert P. Psuty, Editor
... the subjects of coastal geomorphology: evolution of coastal landforms, coastline alterations and various associated processes in the coastal zone, e.g. waves and sediment transport, which shape coastal features and cause morphological changes. Contributions to this session will focus on the mechanis ...
... the subjects of coastal geomorphology: evolution of coastal landforms, coastline alterations and various associated processes in the coastal zone, e.g. waves and sediment transport, which shape coastal features and cause morphological changes. Contributions to this session will focus on the mechanis ...
Growth of climate change commitments from HFC banks and
... G. J. M. Velders et al.: Growth of climate change commitments from HFC banks and emissions 2050 is fully saturated; i.e., the demand up to 2100 is kept constant at the 2050 level (see also Xu et al., 2013). Annual emissions are calculated as a constant fraction of the bank. These fractions (emissio ...
... G. J. M. Velders et al.: Growth of climate change commitments from HFC banks and emissions 2050 is fully saturated; i.e., the demand up to 2100 is kept constant at the 2050 level (see also Xu et al., 2013). Annual emissions are calculated as a constant fraction of the bank. These fractions (emissio ...
Final CHNEP Vulnerability Assessment.indd
... Figure 5: Historic Calendar of Hurricanes Figure 6: Greenhouse Effect Figure 7: Climate Change Drivers and Stressors Figure 8: Hurricanes within 50 miles of Fort Myers Figure 9: Intense Wildfires can burn Wetlands Figure 10: A new inlet (Charley Pass) Figure 11: Sea Level Rates (6000 years) Figure 1 ...
... Figure 5: Historic Calendar of Hurricanes Figure 6: Greenhouse Effect Figure 7: Climate Change Drivers and Stressors Figure 8: Hurricanes within 50 miles of Fort Myers Figure 9: Intense Wildfires can burn Wetlands Figure 10: A new inlet (Charley Pass) Figure 11: Sea Level Rates (6000 years) Figure 1 ...
Climate Change in the African Small Island Developing States: From
... The African Small Island Developing States (SIDS) comprise Cabo Verde, the Comoros, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritius, Sao Tome and Principe, and Seychelles. In its Fifth Assessment Report, published in 2014, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change underscored that small island States will continue to ...
... The African Small Island Developing States (SIDS) comprise Cabo Verde, the Comoros, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritius, Sao Tome and Principe, and Seychelles. In its Fifth Assessment Report, published in 2014, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change underscored that small island States will continue to ...
S1501144_en.pdf
... ECLAC as part of the “The Economics of Climate Change in Central America” initiative. The opinions expressed in this document are strictly those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of ECLAC or of the partner institutions of the project. The borders and names that appear in the ma ...
... ECLAC as part of the “The Economics of Climate Change in Central America” initiative. The opinions expressed in this document are strictly those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of ECLAC or of the partner institutions of the project. The borders and names that appear in the ma ...
Public attitudes and behavior about climate change: what shapes
... Organizations and communities can encourage positive initiatives by creating opportunities and incentives for individual action. They also can make individual efforts a part of broader social efforts of the community, work organizations, religious groups, etc. so that individuals have the support an ...
... Organizations and communities can encourage positive initiatives by creating opportunities and incentives for individual action. They also can make individual efforts a part of broader social efforts of the community, work organizations, religious groups, etc. so that individuals have the support an ...
Biodiversity climate change impacts report card technical paper
... UK there is evidence of earlier breeding with warming and natterjack toads, at the northern end of their range in Northern Ireland may be favoured (as likely as not) by increased temperatures but not further south [L,Li]. Fish-free ponds favour tadpole survival, and drier summers may increase the nu ...
... UK there is evidence of earlier breeding with warming and natterjack toads, at the northern end of their range in Northern Ireland may be favoured (as likely as not) by increased temperatures but not further south [L,Li]. Fish-free ponds favour tadpole survival, and drier summers may increase the nu ...
PDF
... Understanding the different types of shocks which affect household’s assets may help in designing social protection programs. In the following section, the inter-link between shocks, assets and adaptation is elaborated. Section 3 explains the data used in this study. Section 4 discusses the analytic ...
... Understanding the different types of shocks which affect household’s assets may help in designing social protection programs. In the following section, the inter-link between shocks, assets and adaptation is elaborated. Section 3 explains the data used in this study. Section 4 discusses the analytic ...
Extreme Rainfall Non-stationarity Investigation and Intensity
... the currently used design rainfall estimates. Therefore, it is necessary to perform analysis to confirm stationarity or detect non-stationarity of extreme rainfall data in order to derive accurate design rainfall estimates for infrastructure projects and flood mitigation works. Extreme rainfall non- ...
... the currently used design rainfall estimates. Therefore, it is necessary to perform analysis to confirm stationarity or detect non-stationarity of extreme rainfall data in order to derive accurate design rainfall estimates for infrastructure projects and flood mitigation works. Extreme rainfall non- ...
The terrestrial biosphere as a net source of greenhouse gases to the
... to climate change2,3. The terrestrial biogenic fluxes of individual greenhouse gases have been studied extensively4–6, but the net biogenic greenhouse gas balance resulting from anthropogenic activities and its effect on the climate system remains uncertain. Here we use bottom-up (inventory, statist ...
... to climate change2,3. The terrestrial biogenic fluxes of individual greenhouse gases have been studied extensively4–6, but the net biogenic greenhouse gas balance resulting from anthropogenic activities and its effect on the climate system remains uncertain. Here we use bottom-up (inventory, statist ...
Global Warming and Economic Externalities
... goods leads to inefficiencies since economic agents do not perceive the true cost of their actions and do not equalize (social) marginal costs and benefits. In our case the representative agent is over-emitting GHG, since she perceives the marginal cost of doing so (to her as an individual) is zero ...
... goods leads to inefficiencies since economic agents do not perceive the true cost of their actions and do not equalize (social) marginal costs and benefits. In our case the representative agent is over-emitting GHG, since she perceives the marginal cost of doing so (to her as an individual) is zero ...
Science Plan - IGOS Cryosphere
... knowledge is needed of the broad-scale time-varying distributions of the physical characteristics of sea ice, particularly ice thickness and the overlying snow-cover thickness, in both hemispheres, and the dominant processes of ice formation, modification, decay and transport which influence and det ...
... knowledge is needed of the broad-scale time-varying distributions of the physical characteristics of sea ice, particularly ice thickness and the overlying snow-cover thickness, in both hemispheres, and the dominant processes of ice formation, modification, decay and transport which influence and det ...
A preliminary assessment of the impact of climate change on non-life insurance demand in the BRICS economies: Working Paper 63 (379 kB) (opens in new window)
... Over the coming few decades, climate change is expected to alter the global landscape of natural catastrophe risk (Solomon et al., 2007). The scale and speed of the changes is deeply uncertain, but it seems clear that some regions could see increases in weather-related risks and others declines. Mil ...
... Over the coming few decades, climate change is expected to alter the global landscape of natural catastrophe risk (Solomon et al., 2007). The scale and speed of the changes is deeply uncertain, but it seems clear that some regions could see increases in weather-related risks and others declines. Mil ...
Water storage change in the Himalayas from the Gravity Recovery
... are small. However, the sinusoidal fit does not quantify systematic errors in GRACE data. Agreements between the GRACE‐ and ECM‐estimated storage changes are also favorable at both monthly (R2 = 0.93, RMSE = 5.46 mm) and seasonal (R2 = 0.83, RMSE = 7.64 mm) cycles. The agreements (significant at p < ...
... are small. However, the sinusoidal fit does not quantify systematic errors in GRACE data. Agreements between the GRACE‐ and ECM‐estimated storage changes are also favorable at both monthly (R2 = 0.93, RMSE = 5.46 mm) and seasonal (R2 = 0.83, RMSE = 7.64 mm) cycles. The agreements (significant at p < ...
PBL rapport 500114012 Meeting the 2 degrees Celsius target
... less, are needed to keep a reasonable chance of staying below the 2 °C target. A 450 ppm CO2 eq level corresponds to about 20 to 70% probability of staying below this target, a 400 ppm CO2 eq level corresponds to a probability of between 40 and 90%. These concentration levels are consistent with CO2 ...
... less, are needed to keep a reasonable chance of staying below the 2 °C target. A 450 ppm CO2 eq level corresponds to about 20 to 70% probability of staying below this target, a 400 ppm CO2 eq level corresponds to a probability of between 40 and 90%. These concentration levels are consistent with CO2 ...
Will sea-level really fall in the Gulf of Thailand?
... Rate of sea-level changes due to climate changes vary according to latitudes: namely (i) in high and middle latitudes, successive glacial, interglacial and interstadial conditions occur with significant sea-level rises, and (ii) in low latitudes, successive humid and arid conditions occur with small ...
... Rate of sea-level changes due to climate changes vary according to latitudes: namely (i) in high and middle latitudes, successive glacial, interglacial and interstadial conditions occur with significant sea-level rises, and (ii) in low latitudes, successive humid and arid conditions occur with small ...
American Meteorological Society Member Survey on Global
... Of the 7,197 members on the initial list, 135 were ineligible because their email addresses were invalid. The valid initial denominator of the study, therefore, was 7,062. Of these 7,062 people, 1,862 c ...
... Of the 7,197 members on the initial list, 135 were ineligible because their email addresses were invalid. The valid initial denominator of the study, therefore, was 7,062. Of these 7,062 people, 1,862 c ...
Great Barrier Reef - Garnaut Climate Change Review
... The Great Barrier Reef has been affected by coral bleaching as a result of heat stress six times over the past 25 years. Recent episodes on the Great Barrier Reef have been the most intense and widespread. In 1998, the Great Barrier Reef experienced what was considered at the time as its worst case ...
... The Great Barrier Reef has been affected by coral bleaching as a result of heat stress six times over the past 25 years. Recent episodes on the Great Barrier Reef have been the most intense and widespread. In 1998, the Great Barrier Reef experienced what was considered at the time as its worst case ...
Biological Significance of Phenology
... – English-Loeb, G. M. and R. Karban (1992). "Consequences of variation in flowering phenology for seed head herbivory and reproductive success in Erigeron glaucus (Compositae)." Oecologia 89: 588-595. – How, S. T., W. G. Abrahamson, et al. (1993). "Role of host plant phenology in host use by Eurosta ...
... – English-Loeb, G. M. and R. Karban (1992). "Consequences of variation in flowering phenology for seed head herbivory and reproductive success in Erigeron glaucus (Compositae)." Oecologia 89: 588-595. – How, S. T., W. G. Abrahamson, et al. (1993). "Role of host plant phenology in host use by Eurosta ...
Warm Arctic*cold continents: climate impacts of the
... Recent Arctic changes are likely due to coupled Arctic amplification mechanisms with increased linkage between Arctic climate and sub-Arctic weather. Historically, sea ice grew rapidly in autumn, a strong negative radiative feedback. But increased sea-ice mobility, loss of multi-year sea ice, enhanc ...
... Recent Arctic changes are likely due to coupled Arctic amplification mechanisms with increased linkage between Arctic climate and sub-Arctic weather. Historically, sea ice grew rapidly in autumn, a strong negative radiative feedback. But increased sea-ice mobility, loss of multi-year sea ice, enhanc ...