Alaska - climate-change frontier
... years of the ice's retreat. They begin at 1815, about a mile and a half from the ice's current terminus. That was the end of a several centuries-long cold spell known as the Little Ice Age. Since then, the bluish ice has receded up the valley at an average rate of 13 meters per year. Scientists are ...
... years of the ice's retreat. They begin at 1815, about a mile and a half from the ice's current terminus. That was the end of a several centuries-long cold spell known as the Little Ice Age. Since then, the bluish ice has receded up the valley at an average rate of 13 meters per year. Scientists are ...
ClimateChange
... of the climate that can be identified (e.g. using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. It refers to any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result ...
... of the climate that can be identified (e.g. using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. It refers to any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result ...
Conceptualizing Equitable Access to Sustainable
... If the GDP of a country amounts to x% of gross world product, this country should receive entitlement for GHG emissions such that it bears x% of the global abatement costs for reductions of emissions. Polluter-pays rule: Principle of equal ratio between production-based emissions and abatement costs ...
... If the GDP of a country amounts to x% of gross world product, this country should receive entitlement for GHG emissions such that it bears x% of the global abatement costs for reductions of emissions. Polluter-pays rule: Principle of equal ratio between production-based emissions and abatement costs ...
new zealand`s framework for adapting to climate change
... might affect your area by using the resources in this document. The Ministry for the Environment provides information about impacts in your region and your local council may provide more detailed information specific to your area. Look into how you can prepare and get involved in local planning deci ...
... might affect your area by using the resources in this document. The Ministry for the Environment provides information about impacts in your region and your local council may provide more detailed information specific to your area. Look into how you can prepare and get involved in local planning deci ...
Lecture 4 – Greenhouse gases
... and black stepped lines). The five-year means smooth out short-term perturbations associated with strong El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events in 1972, 1982, 1987 and 1997. The upper dark green line shows the annual increases that would occur if all fossil fuel emissions stayed in the atmospher ...
... and black stepped lines). The five-year means smooth out short-term perturbations associated with strong El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events in 1972, 1982, 1987 and 1997. The upper dark green line shows the annual increases that would occur if all fossil fuel emissions stayed in the atmospher ...
The Dust Settles on Water Vapor Feedback
... ncreasing concentrations of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are expected to alter global climate. The direct warming caused by greenhouse gas emissions is modest, but positive feedbacks in the climate system may amplify the effect. One such feedback is particularly importan ...
... ncreasing concentrations of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are expected to alter global climate. The direct warming caused by greenhouse gas emissions is modest, but positive feedbacks in the climate system may amplify the effect. One such feedback is particularly importan ...
the speech - Mary Robinson Foundation
... development paradigm, is driving the world towards large scale, catastrophic climate change and increasing inequality. From the latest report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, we know that we must eliminate carbon emissions completely by 2050 in order to maximise our chances of stayi ...
... development paradigm, is driving the world towards large scale, catastrophic climate change and increasing inequality. From the latest report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, we know that we must eliminate carbon emissions completely by 2050 in order to maximise our chances of stayi ...
Abrupt Climate Change - National Snow and Ice Data Center
... Global Warming as a Possible Trigger Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide are accumulating in the Earth's atmosphere and causing surface air temperatures and subsurface ocean temperatures to rise. These gradual changes, along with other human alterations of the climate system (e.g., land-use chan ...
... Global Warming as a Possible Trigger Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide are accumulating in the Earth's atmosphere and causing surface air temperatures and subsurface ocean temperatures to rise. These gradual changes, along with other human alterations of the climate system (e.g., land-use chan ...
fossil fuel companies
... emissions already exist and are expanding. For example, a 2013 study by the World Bank found that 17 countries are already pricing carbon, accoun;ng for over 20% of global emissions. However, there is s; ...
... emissions already exist and are expanding. For example, a 2013 study by the World Bank found that 17 countries are already pricing carbon, accoun;ng for over 20% of global emissions. However, there is s; ...
I. Topic: How physical process, climate changes, and natural
... what types of hazards, or dangers, these alarms and drills protect them from. Explore: Ask the students if they know any of the hazards that could form or alter the physical characteristics of a place. For example, “what can earthquakes do to the Earth?” Focus on physical systems, not human systems. ...
... what types of hazards, or dangers, these alarms and drills protect them from. Explore: Ask the students if they know any of the hazards that could form or alter the physical characteristics of a place. For example, “what can earthquakes do to the Earth?” Focus on physical systems, not human systems. ...
climate change - University of Alaska Southeast
... that use mathematic equations to represent climate processes. Information about regional geography, such as elevation, slope, and coastlines, can be integrated into global climate models so that they better reflect the projected changes at a regional scale. This process is called downscaling, and it ...
... that use mathematic equations to represent climate processes. Information about regional geography, such as elevation, slope, and coastlines, can be integrated into global climate models so that they better reflect the projected changes at a regional scale. This process is called downscaling, and it ...
The US climate reference network: a national automated baseline
... to minimize wind-induced undercatch. ...
... to minimize wind-induced undercatch. ...
Greenhouse-gas emission targets for limiting global warming to 2 °C
... base year and a range of published climate sensitivity distributions. Emissions levels in 2020 are a less robust indicator, but for the scenarios considered, the probability of exceeding 2 6C rises to 53–87% if global GHG emissions are still more than 25% above 2000 levels in 2020. Determining proba ...
... base year and a range of published climate sensitivity distributions. Emissions levels in 2020 are a less robust indicator, but for the scenarios considered, the probability of exceeding 2 6C rises to 53–87% if global GHG emissions are still more than 25% above 2000 levels in 2020. Determining proba ...
“Everybody has a Role to Play in Curbing Carbon Emissions”
... in a couple of years’ time. It’s very exciting to have a new monitoring satellite to bring us a lot of information. BCAS: What do you think is the overall emission situation in China? Prof. Le Quéré: China is now in a very important stage of development, and its GDP has been going up at around 8% fo ...
... in a couple of years’ time. It’s very exciting to have a new monitoring satellite to bring us a lot of information. BCAS: What do you think is the overall emission situation in China? Prof. Le Quéré: China is now in a very important stage of development, and its GDP has been going up at around 8% fo ...
Helping farmers adapt to climate change
... source of climate change projections at a local scale. In addition to examining general climate impacts such as rainfall and temperature, the project also analyses the impact of climate change specifically on agriculture, water and catchments. Results from the project are available through the Tasma ...
... source of climate change projections at a local scale. In addition to examining general climate impacts such as rainfall and temperature, the project also analyses the impact of climate change specifically on agriculture, water and catchments. Results from the project are available through the Tasma ...
Climate change and its impact on ocean variability
... Land waters (climate + human activities) Ice sheets mass balance Ocean mass change + thermal expansion ...
... Land waters (climate + human activities) Ice sheets mass balance Ocean mass change + thermal expansion ...
Overcoming the Copenhagen Failure with Flexible Commitments
... developing countries making significant sacrifices which they view they can ill afford, so that the developed countries can continue in their profligate patterns—or so that developed coun tries could be compensated for not continuing in their profligate patterns. This is because those in the develo ...
... developing countries making significant sacrifices which they view they can ill afford, so that the developed countries can continue in their profligate patterns—or so that developed coun tries could be compensated for not continuing in their profligate patterns. This is because those in the develo ...
Africa hit hardest by Global Warming despite its low Greenhouse
... 2100. Recently, the IPCC (2007a) reported that climate change would cause temperature to rise by as much as 6.4 degree Celsius by the end of the century. The report documented that: eleven of the last twelve years (1995-2006) are among the twelve warmest years of global surface temperature recorded; ...
... 2100. Recently, the IPCC (2007a) reported that climate change would cause temperature to rise by as much as 6.4 degree Celsius by the end of the century. The report documented that: eleven of the last twelve years (1995-2006) are among the twelve warmest years of global surface temperature recorded; ...
Frequently Asked Questions on Climate Change and Energy Efficiency
... cutting down a lot of forests, and using farming methods that add to GHGs in the atmosphere. Now there is too much of these GHGs in the atmosphere. All the gases act like a blanket surrounding the Earth retaining too much of the Sun’s heat. That means we are fundamentally changing the Earth’s clim ...
... cutting down a lot of forests, and using farming methods that add to GHGs in the atmosphere. Now there is too much of these GHGs in the atmosphere. All the gases act like a blanket surrounding the Earth retaining too much of the Sun’s heat. That means we are fundamentally changing the Earth’s clim ...
high
... at a date later than the 2008-2012 Kyoto commitment period. • As of 27 July 2008, 850 US cities in 50 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, representing over 80 million Americans support Kyoto after Mayor Greg Nickels of Seattle started a nationwide effort to get cities to agree to the p ...
... at a date later than the 2008-2012 Kyoto commitment period. • As of 27 July 2008, 850 US cities in 50 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, representing over 80 million Americans support Kyoto after Mayor Greg Nickels of Seattle started a nationwide effort to get cities to agree to the p ...
Change in crop suitability indicator
... What impacts are avoided by specific climate mitigation objectives? How does adaptation affect the impacts under different mitigation objectives? ...
... What impacts are avoided by specific climate mitigation objectives? How does adaptation affect the impacts under different mitigation objectives? ...
Global Climate Observing System
... The reality of climate change Global mean temperature increase Temperatures for land, ocean, NH, SH Ocean temperatures, upper 300m rising Glaciers melting Sea level rise Arctic sea ice retreat Arctic sea ice thinning (40%) NH snow cover decrease Freeze dates of lakes, rivers Cooling in stratosphere ...
... The reality of climate change Global mean temperature increase Temperatures for land, ocean, NH, SH Ocean temperatures, upper 300m rising Glaciers melting Sea level rise Arctic sea ice retreat Arctic sea ice thinning (40%) NH snow cover decrease Freeze dates of lakes, rivers Cooling in stratosphere ...
Climate Change
... EVSC 100: Exam next time we meet EVSC 305: Outline due November 3; Exam November 13; Prospectus November 18 ...
... EVSC 100: Exam next time we meet EVSC 305: Outline due November 3; Exam November 13; Prospectus November 18 ...
View/Open
... continent and brought with them ideas and plants and animals from Europe, nothing fitted very well. The success of subsequent Australian agriculture was very much a story of the success of innovation with a large science component. Australian agriculture has been successful over a long period becaus ...
... continent and brought with them ideas and plants and animals from Europe, nothing fitted very well. The success of subsequent Australian agriculture was very much a story of the success of innovation with a large science component. Australian agriculture has been successful over a long period becaus ...
here - International Geographical Union
... health, education for awareness, mobility, woman and gender equality will be a main part of adaptation issues to the climate change processes in the Mediterranean region. Projections based on various emission scenarios and General Circulation Models (GCMs) show that annual runoff decreases in the M ...
... health, education for awareness, mobility, woman and gender equality will be a main part of adaptation issues to the climate change processes in the Mediterranean region. Projections based on various emission scenarios and General Circulation Models (GCMs) show that annual runoff decreases in the M ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.