Federated States of Micronesia - Pacific Climate Change Science
... per year since 1993. This is larger than the global average of 0.11– 0.14 inches (2.8–3.6 mm) per year. This higher rate of rise may be partly related to natural fluctuations that take place year to year or decade to decade caused by phenomena such as the El NiñoSouthern Oscillation. This year-to-ye ...
... per year since 1993. This is larger than the global average of 0.11– 0.14 inches (2.8–3.6 mm) per year. This higher rate of rise may be partly related to natural fluctuations that take place year to year or decade to decade caused by phenomena such as the El NiñoSouthern Oscillation. This year-to-ye ...
Methods and Tools for the Human Health Sector
... • Assuming no future human-imposed constraints on malaria transmission, changes in temperature and precipitation could alter the geographic distribution of stable malaria transmission in Zimbabwe • Among all scenarios, the highlands become more suitable for transmission • The lowveld and areas curre ...
... • Assuming no future human-imposed constraints on malaria transmission, changes in temperature and precipitation could alter the geographic distribution of stable malaria transmission in Zimbabwe • Among all scenarios, the highlands become more suitable for transmission • The lowveld and areas curre ...
Antarctic Temperature and Sea Ice Trends over the Last
... “Climate change in polar regions is expected to be among the largest and most rapid of any region on the Earth, and will cause major physical, ecological, sociological, and economic impacts, especially in the Arctic, Antarctic Peninsula, and Southern Ocean. Polar regions contain important drivers of ...
... “Climate change in polar regions is expected to be among the largest and most rapid of any region on the Earth, and will cause major physical, ecological, sociological, and economic impacts, especially in the Arctic, Antarctic Peninsula, and Southern Ocean. Polar regions contain important drivers of ...
IEAGHG Information Paper: 2016-IP10; CCAC Annual Science Update 2015 11/04/2016
... greenhouse gas (GHG) emission targets and equates to the yearly energy sector methane emissions from a medium-sized European Union country. The study further suggest that the radiative forcing2 from the released gas, when integrated over the next 100 years, equals that from the annual GHG emissions ...
... greenhouse gas (GHG) emission targets and equates to the yearly energy sector methane emissions from a medium-sized European Union country. The study further suggest that the radiative forcing2 from the released gas, when integrated over the next 100 years, equals that from the annual GHG emissions ...
Week 9: Geology and Climate
... worthy goal in terms of scientific progress alone, but there are additional more practical benefits. Understanding how and why climate changed in the past may help us plan for, and limit, the impact of climate change caused by human activity. Human-induced global warming is the raising of surface te ...
... worthy goal in terms of scientific progress alone, but there are additional more practical benefits. Understanding how and why climate changed in the past may help us plan for, and limit, the impact of climate change caused by human activity. Human-induced global warming is the raising of surface te ...
Summary report on the in-session workshop held at the first
... assessments and their possible use to assess the long-term global goal, with a special focus on dangerous anthropogenic interference. He highlighted that an assessment of what constitutes such interference must involve value judgements that go beyond the methods and insights of science. He suggested ...
... assessments and their possible use to assess the long-term global goal, with a special focus on dangerous anthropogenic interference. He highlighted that an assessment of what constitutes such interference must involve value judgements that go beyond the methods and insights of science. He suggested ...
Are Carbon Dioxide Emissions Rising More Rapidly Than Expected?
... When CO2 emissions accumulate in the atmosphere faster than the rate at which they are removed from the atmosphere by “sinks,” atmospheric concentrations rise. Scientists have concluded that the increased concentration of greenhouse gases (GHG) over the past century, due to human activities, is like ...
... When CO2 emissions accumulate in the atmosphere faster than the rate at which they are removed from the atmosphere by “sinks,” atmospheric concentrations rise. Scientists have concluded that the increased concentration of greenhouse gases (GHG) over the past century, due to human activities, is like ...
Consistency between planetary heat balance and ocean
... 1. We need to identify what is required to further reduce the uncertainties aiming to provide an agreed upon range for EEI (beyond just 0.5-1.0 W/m2). Best estimate from Argo OHC, but time series are short. OHC estimates show inconsistencies, in particular for the historical record TOA measurements ...
... 1. We need to identify what is required to further reduce the uncertainties aiming to provide an agreed upon range for EEI (beyond just 0.5-1.0 W/m2). Best estimate from Argo OHC, but time series are short. OHC estimates show inconsistencies, in particular for the historical record TOA measurements ...
quantification of physical impacts on the nsw coastal zone due to
... The study utilised two climate models driven by the IPCC A2 CO2 emission scenario (In the A2 scenario the atmospheric CO2 concentration increases from 370ppm (present value) to 880ppm by 2100). The selected models were considered as those that best represented the highest and lowest responses to cli ...
... The study utilised two climate models driven by the IPCC A2 CO2 emission scenario (In the A2 scenario the atmospheric CO2 concentration increases from 370ppm (present value) to 880ppm by 2100). The selected models were considered as those that best represented the highest and lowest responses to cli ...
Egypt Addressing Climate Change
... The project aims to make a number of rapid assessments to develop an understanding of the effects and potential consequences of sea level rise on the issues of migration and human security in low lying coastal areas in the Nile Delta and on some coastal cities in Egypt. This project is implemented b ...
... The project aims to make a number of rapid assessments to develop an understanding of the effects and potential consequences of sea level rise on the issues of migration and human security in low lying coastal areas in the Nile Delta and on some coastal cities in Egypt. This project is implemented b ...
Scenario Planning - Clivia.NET - Universidad Nacional de Asunción
... Despite the worldwide trend to develop adaptation programmes, it remains a challenge in the four countries involved in the network. CliVIA-Net intervenes as an alternative to this trend in the Higher Education systems. This experience suggests that Higher Education institutional learning is an impo ...
... Despite the worldwide trend to develop adaptation programmes, it remains a challenge in the four countries involved in the network. CliVIA-Net intervenes as an alternative to this trend in the Higher Education systems. This experience suggests that Higher Education institutional learning is an impo ...
The Global Ozone Layer
... warm the climate. The current ODP-weighted anthropogenic emission is larger than that of any ODS. Geo-engineering: Deliberate large injections of sulfurcontaining compounds into the stratosphere would alter the radiative, dynamical, and chemical state of the stratosphere and could be expected to h ...
... warm the climate. The current ODP-weighted anthropogenic emission is larger than that of any ODS. Geo-engineering: Deliberate large injections of sulfurcontaining compounds into the stratosphere would alter the radiative, dynamical, and chemical state of the stratosphere and could be expected to h ...
DOCX - World bank documents
... stresses arising from climate change further add to the problems that exist today. There are serious concerns about meeting future projected water uses, particularly in the dry season.1 Hydrological changes and sea-level rise will affect the availability of fresh water (saline intrusion) or even phy ...
... stresses arising from climate change further add to the problems that exist today. There are serious concerns about meeting future projected water uses, particularly in the dry season.1 Hydrological changes and sea-level rise will affect the availability of fresh water (saline intrusion) or even phy ...
elninocyclones - Global Change System for Analysis, Research
... waters whose SST exceeds about 26°C. But once developed, they may move considerably poleward of these zones. An oft-stated misconception about tropical cyclones is that were the area of 26°C waters to increase, so too would the area experiencing tropical cyclone formation. Thus there is little basis ...
... waters whose SST exceeds about 26°C. But once developed, they may move considerably poleward of these zones. An oft-stated misconception about tropical cyclones is that were the area of 26°C waters to increase, so too would the area experiencing tropical cyclone formation. Thus there is little basis ...
Is an Optimal
... fuss as the price rises beyond the range of possible efficient values. Meanwhile, advocates of phasing out fossil fuel use would engage in a full-court press to raise the tax from the efficient level. Political balancing of these two lobbying groups would lead inevitably to a price higher than the e ...
... fuss as the price rises beyond the range of possible efficient values. Meanwhile, advocates of phasing out fossil fuel use would engage in a full-court press to raise the tax from the efficient level. Political balancing of these two lobbying groups would lead inevitably to a price higher than the e ...
CLIMATIC CHANGE AT HIGH ELEVATION SITES: AN OVERVIEW 1
... information on scales which are generally far smaller than the typical grid-size of even the highest resolution numerical climate models. As a result, many impacts studies have been constrained by the lack of scenario data of sufficient reliability and quality at the desired scales. It is these scal ...
... information on scales which are generally far smaller than the typical grid-size of even the highest resolution numerical climate models. As a result, many impacts studies have been constrained by the lack of scenario data of sufficient reliability and quality at the desired scales. It is these scal ...
NEPAL Strengthening capacities of to mainstream climate change concerns into
... of population rely on hydro-power as main source of electricity. Siltation and floods reduces power generation efficiency. ...
... of population rely on hydro-power as main source of electricity. Siltation and floods reduces power generation efficiency. ...
ESM - Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology
... IITM by incorporating MOM4P1 (with ocean biogeochemistry) component in CFSv2. Major improvements are seen in IITM ESMv1 vis-à-vis CFSv2 : •Significant reduction of cold bias of global mean SST by ~0.8oC •ENSO & PDO are robust and spatially more coherent in ESM1.0 •ENSO and monsoon links are well-cap ...
... IITM by incorporating MOM4P1 (with ocean biogeochemistry) component in CFSv2. Major improvements are seen in IITM ESMv1 vis-à-vis CFSv2 : •Significant reduction of cold bias of global mean SST by ~0.8oC •ENSO & PDO are robust and spatially more coherent in ESM1.0 •ENSO and monsoon links are well-cap ...
Forum Agenda - USAID Adapt Asia
... Dr. Kit Batten USAID Global Climate Change Coordinator Regional Climate Change Adaptation Challenges in Asia and the Pacific Dr. Bindu N. Lohani Vice President Knowledge Management and Sustainable Development The Asian Development Bank (ADB) National Response to Climate Change Adaptation Challenges ...
... Dr. Kit Batten USAID Global Climate Change Coordinator Regional Climate Change Adaptation Challenges in Asia and the Pacific Dr. Bindu N. Lohani Vice President Knowledge Management and Sustainable Development The Asian Development Bank (ADB) National Response to Climate Change Adaptation Challenges ...
Creation and Stewardship A unit for post-16 General RE
... energy gets absorbed by the blanket of ‘greenhouse’ gases. ...
... energy gets absorbed by the blanket of ‘greenhouse’ gases. ...
Climate Change
... As well, there are: Volcanos Vegetation changes Aerosols Heat exchange - ocean and air (ENSO) Ice and snow coming/going Glaciers changing Changes in weather patterns ... and lots more ... including human added CO2! ...
... As well, there are: Volcanos Vegetation changes Aerosols Heat exchange - ocean and air (ENSO) Ice and snow coming/going Glaciers changing Changes in weather patterns ... and lots more ... including human added CO2! ...
international public opinion, perception, and understanding of global
... Despite the scientific warnings of earlier decades, global warming did not become a significant public issue until 1988 - at that time the hottest year since the middle of the nineteenth century and the year in which Dr. James Hansen, director of the NASA Goddard Institute of Space Studies and a lea ...
... Despite the scientific warnings of earlier decades, global warming did not become a significant public issue until 1988 - at that time the hottest year since the middle of the nineteenth century and the year in which Dr. James Hansen, director of the NASA Goddard Institute of Space Studies and a lea ...
The two limits debates: "Limits to Growth" and climate change
... such an optimistic scenario? Arguably, the scarcities demonstrated in the LtG model runs were mitigated, at least in the short run, by market-led innovation. The world (perhaps falsely) realized that it did not run out of resources in the manner predicted by the LtG report (indeed, the authors of th ...
... such an optimistic scenario? Arguably, the scarcities demonstrated in the LtG model runs were mitigated, at least in the short run, by market-led innovation. The world (perhaps falsely) realized that it did not run out of resources in the manner predicted by the LtG report (indeed, the authors of th ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.