An Analysis of Adaptation as a Response to Climate Change
... might be substantial if no immediate global action is undertaken. Even if all radiative forcing agents were held constant at the 2000 level, a further warming would be observed due to the inertia of oceans (IPCC, 2007). According to the main IPCC scenarios, world-average temperature is likely to inc ...
... might be substantial if no immediate global action is undertaken. Even if all radiative forcing agents were held constant at the 2000 level, a further warming would be observed due to the inertia of oceans (IPCC, 2007). According to the main IPCC scenarios, world-average temperature is likely to inc ...
Colorado Climate Change Vulnerability Study
... technology or lower treatment capacity, as well as aquatic organisms and ecosystems, are vulnerable to lower flows and higher water temperatures resulting in greater concentrations of pollutants • Water treatment facilities in fire-prone areas are vulnerable to greater likelihood of wildfire leadin ...
... technology or lower treatment capacity, as well as aquatic organisms and ecosystems, are vulnerable to lower flows and higher water temperatures resulting in greater concentrations of pollutants • Water treatment facilities in fire-prone areas are vulnerable to greater likelihood of wildfire leadin ...
A Study of Climate Monitoring Capabilities in Newfoundland and
... monitoring stations in Newfoundland and Labrador. This includes existing active, seasonal, regional, and discontinued stations (e.g., weather stations, water quality monitoring stations, and oceanographic buoys). The inventory lists the location and time period of record for each station, which atmo ...
... monitoring stations in Newfoundland and Labrador. This includes existing active, seasonal, regional, and discontinued stations (e.g., weather stations, water quality monitoring stations, and oceanographic buoys). The inventory lists the location and time period of record for each station, which atmo ...
Protected areas helping peopel cope with climate change
... emissions enough to avoid runaway impacts (“avoiding the unmanageable”) and on addressing the impacts that are already with us (“managing the unavoidable”). Managing natural ecosystems as carbon sinks and resources for adaptation is increasingly recognised as a necessary, efficient and relatively co ...
... emissions enough to avoid runaway impacts (“avoiding the unmanageable”) and on addressing the impacts that are already with us (“managing the unavoidable”). Managing natural ecosystems as carbon sinks and resources for adaptation is increasingly recognised as a necessary, efficient and relatively co ...
Climate change and human health RISKS AND RESPONSES Editors
... warmest since instrumental records began in the nineteenth century, and contained 9 of the 10 warmest years ever recorded. The causes of this change are increasingly well understood. The Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, published in 2001, goes further than it ...
... warmest since instrumental records began in the nineteenth century, and contained 9 of the 10 warmest years ever recorded. The causes of this change are increasingly well understood. The Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, published in 2001, goes further than it ...
Protected areas helping people cope with climate change
... emissions enough to avoid runaway impacts (“avoiding the unmanageable”) and on addressing the impacts that are already with us (“managing the unavoidable”). Managing natural ecosystems as carbon sinks and resources for adaptation is increasingly recognised as a necessary, efficient and relatively co ...
... emissions enough to avoid runaway impacts (“avoiding the unmanageable”) and on addressing the impacts that are already with us (“managing the unavoidable”). Managing natural ecosystems as carbon sinks and resources for adaptation is increasingly recognised as a necessary, efficient and relatively co ...
Climate change and human health
... warmest since instrumental records began in the nineteenth century, and contained 9 of the 10 warmest years ever recorded. The causes of this change are increasingly well understood. The Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, published in 2001, goes further than it ...
... warmest since instrumental records began in the nineteenth century, and contained 9 of the 10 warmest years ever recorded. The causes of this change are increasingly well understood. The Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, published in 2001, goes further than it ...
Potential for Abrupt Changes in Atmospheric Methane
... in U.S. Climate Change Science Program Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.4: Abrupt Climate Change. A report by the U.S. Climate Change Science Program and the Subcommittee on Global Change Research, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston VA. ...
... in U.S. Climate Change Science Program Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.4: Abrupt Climate Change. A report by the U.S. Climate Change Science Program and the Subcommittee on Global Change Research, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston VA. ...
Projected expansion of the subtropical biome and contraction of the
... To extend the model results of changes in biome areas and biome primary production to potential fisheries impacts, we take an empirical approach. In particular, once we have determined our biomes, we estimate fish catch at the beginning of the century in each biome from the annual commercial fisheri ...
... To extend the model results of changes in biome areas and biome primary production to potential fisheries impacts, we take an empirical approach. In particular, once we have determined our biomes, we estimate fish catch at the beginning of the century in each biome from the annual commercial fisheri ...
climate change and the south african commercial forestry sector
... suitable area occurring when both temperature and rainfall are increased. The same pattern, although with greater fluctuations, is evident in the Eastern Cape. In Mpumalanga province, however, the climatically optimum area for A. mearnsii increases when the temperature is increased by 1°C and 2°C, p ...
... suitable area occurring when both temperature and rainfall are increased. The same pattern, although with greater fluctuations, is evident in the Eastern Cape. In Mpumalanga province, however, the climatically optimum area for A. mearnsii increases when the temperature is increased by 1°C and 2°C, p ...
Climate-Induced Population Movement: The Issue
... as a climate change adaptation strategy; the question of identifying the obligations and responsibilities towards people induced to move due to climate change; and finally the question of which approach can provide best fit for integrating the various relevant provisions of international law and all ...
... as a climate change adaptation strategy; the question of identifying the obligations and responsibilities towards people induced to move due to climate change; and finally the question of which approach can provide best fit for integrating the various relevant provisions of international law and all ...
Climate Change Issues for the Cayman Islands
... Map 16 Buildings Affected by 0.25m-increment Sea-Level Rises, Grand Cayman ............................ 85 Map 17 Building Values Affected by 0.25m-increment Sea-Level Rises, Grand Cayman ................. 86 Map 18 Overlay of 2 metre Sea-Level Rise on the Cayman Islands ............................ ...
... Map 16 Buildings Affected by 0.25m-increment Sea-Level Rises, Grand Cayman ............................ 85 Map 17 Building Values Affected by 0.25m-increment Sea-Level Rises, Grand Cayman ................. 86 Map 18 Overlay of 2 metre Sea-Level Rise on the Cayman Islands ............................ ...
An investigation of the pattern scaling technique for describing future
... It is now generally recognised that climate change is real, and that humans are at least partly responsible. In 1996 a scientific consensus was reached that “the balance of evidence suggests a discernible human influence on global climate” (IPCC, 1996a, p5). In 2001 this scientific consensus was upd ...
... It is now generally recognised that climate change is real, and that humans are at least partly responsible. In 1996 a scientific consensus was reached that “the balance of evidence suggests a discernible human influence on global climate” (IPCC, 1996a, p5). In 2001 this scientific consensus was upd ...
Vulnerability - Adaptación al cambio climático para el desarrollo
... Publications focussing on the conceptualization of vulnerability in climate change research include Adger (1999), Kelly and Adger (2000), Olmos (2001), Downing et al. (2001), Moss et al. (2001), Brooks (2003), Downing and Patwardhan (2004), and O’Brien et al. (2004a). The primary audience of this pa ...
... Publications focussing on the conceptualization of vulnerability in climate change research include Adger (1999), Kelly and Adger (2000), Olmos (2001), Downing et al. (2001), Moss et al. (2001), Brooks (2003), Downing and Patwardhan (2004), and O’Brien et al. (2004a). The primary audience of this pa ...
Chapters X and XI: Appendices and Bibliography
... threshold that a growing number of political leaders have stated their intention to avoid.3171 At the high end, scenario A1FI results in even higher climate forcing by 2100 than A2 or A1B.3172 Mid-2000s global emissions of CO2 exceeded even the A1FI scenario.3173 Downscaled Climate Models Note: Whil ...
... threshold that a growing number of political leaders have stated their intention to avoid.3171 At the high end, scenario A1FI results in even higher climate forcing by 2100 than A2 or A1B.3172 Mid-2000s global emissions of CO2 exceeded even the A1FI scenario.3173 Downscaled Climate Models Note: Whil ...
Impacts of Large-Scale Reforestation Programmes on Regional
... Chapter 1. Introduction The GGP started in 1999, with the primary aim of conserving water and soil resources that are impacted by severe soil erosion; this is caused over the Loess Plateau, by a series of natural and anthropogenic factors, including the local loose soil texture, hilly and gully ter ...
... Chapter 1. Introduction The GGP started in 1999, with the primary aim of conserving water and soil resources that are impacted by severe soil erosion; this is caused over the Loess Plateau, by a series of natural and anthropogenic factors, including the local loose soil texture, hilly and gully ter ...
The Faithful Skeptics: Conservative Christian Religious Beliefs and
... Global climate change presents one of the most challenging ecological and social problems facing the world today. In order to prevent potentially harmful ecological and social impacts from rising global average temperatures, Americans will need to drastically reduce their greenhouse gas emissions by ...
... Global climate change presents one of the most challenging ecological and social problems facing the world today. In order to prevent potentially harmful ecological and social impacts from rising global average temperatures, Americans will need to drastically reduce their greenhouse gas emissions by ...
Behavioural Adaptation of Skiers and Snowboarders in
... 0.74°C during the past 100 years. However, in only the last 50 years, this warming trend has occurred at twice this rate (IPCC, 2007). Eleven of the last twelve years (1995‐2006) rank among the warmest years in the instrumental record of global surface temperature since 1850 (IPCC, 2007). Averag ...
... 0.74°C during the past 100 years. However, in only the last 50 years, this warming trend has occurred at twice this rate (IPCC, 2007). Eleven of the last twelve years (1995‐2006) rank among the warmest years in the instrumental record of global surface temperature since 1850 (IPCC, 2007). Averag ...
Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment of the Galápagos Islands
... The Galápagos Islands are among the many places in the world already experiencing the impacts of climate change. It is predicted that climate change will cause rising sea level, higher ocean temperatures and more acidic waters. As the ocean largely regulates the climate, changes in ocean temperature ...
... The Galápagos Islands are among the many places in the world already experiencing the impacts of climate change. It is predicted that climate change will cause rising sea level, higher ocean temperatures and more acidic waters. As the ocean largely regulates the climate, changes in ocean temperature ...
A Climate for Change
... Climate change is not only about polar bears and glaciers and it does not happen just because somebody else is burning more fossil fuel than we are, meaning that they should act first and we can follow later. It is not only about complying with the Kyoto Protocol or new European Union targets. It ha ...
... Climate change is not only about polar bears and glaciers and it does not happen just because somebody else is burning more fossil fuel than we are, meaning that they should act first and we can follow later. It is not only about complying with the Kyoto Protocol or new European Union targets. It ha ...
Impact of climate change on Antarctic krill
... by 0.9°C in January and 2.3°C in August over the past 80 yr (Whitehouse et al. 2008). Model predictions of the Southern Ocean surface water temperature increase by 2100 are small compared with those projected in surface air temperature, because the heat capacity of the ocean is larger than that of t ...
... by 0.9°C in January and 2.3°C in August over the past 80 yr (Whitehouse et al. 2008). Model predictions of the Southern Ocean surface water temperature increase by 2100 are small compared with those projected in surface air temperature, because the heat capacity of the ocean is larger than that of t ...
Preparing for an Uncertain Climate—Vol. I
... may occur with greater frequency if climate warms. Most scientists believe that the Earth’s climate is likely to warm by several degrees during the next few decades. Although our understanding of climate change has progressed a great deal in the past few years, major knowledge gaps remain, and empir ...
... may occur with greater frequency if climate warms. Most scientists believe that the Earth’s climate is likely to warm by several degrees during the next few decades. Although our understanding of climate change has progressed a great deal in the past few years, major knowledge gaps remain, and empir ...
Observed and Simulated Processes Linked to the Recent Climate
... understanding of the detailed changes in hydrological cycle will require comprehensive water budget analyses that require daily or sub-daily variables. The third part was the sub-regional analysis of precipitation and evaporation using high resolution Coordinated Regional experiments (CORDEX) output ...
... understanding of the detailed changes in hydrological cycle will require comprehensive water budget analyses that require daily or sub-daily variables. The third part was the sub-regional analysis of precipitation and evaporation using high resolution Coordinated Regional experiments (CORDEX) output ...
Climate Change Impacts on Phenology
... conducted on birch and aspen trees. The plants were subjected to a range of chilling and forcing ...
... conducted on birch and aspen trees. The plants were subjected to a range of chilling and forcing ...
Wolf, J. and Susanne C. Moser (2011). Individual understandings
... Development of a Systems Model-Based Decision Support Tool for Green Infrastructure Development in Milwaukee, WI. Collaboration with Climate Interactive. Funded through ...
... Development of a Systems Model-Based Decision Support Tool for Green Infrastructure Development in Milwaukee, WI. Collaboration with Climate Interactive. Funded through ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.