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... John Bellamy Foster has drawn our attention to the “Lauderdale Paradox”, after the eighth Earl of Lauderdale. “The common sense of mankind,” Lauderdale contended, “would revolt” at any proposal to augment private riches “by creating a scarcity of any commodity generally useful and necessary to man”. ...
... John Bellamy Foster has drawn our attention to the “Lauderdale Paradox”, after the eighth Earl of Lauderdale. “The common sense of mankind,” Lauderdale contended, “would revolt” at any proposal to augment private riches “by creating a scarcity of any commodity generally useful and necessary to man”. ...
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... it compares the choice of crop management to no adaptation where the coefficient and their signs reflect the expected change in probability of preferring manage crop such as change crop type, reduce or increase land under crop production to no adjustment per change in an explanatory variable. The sa ...
... it compares the choice of crop management to no adaptation where the coefficient and their signs reflect the expected change in probability of preferring manage crop such as change crop type, reduce or increase land under crop production to no adjustment per change in an explanatory variable. The sa ...
Global Warming and Climate Change - Have You Been Presented The Full Story?
... and analyses are needed. However, at present,...such simulations are more aspiration than reality.” ...
... and analyses are needed. However, at present,...such simulations are more aspiration than reality.” ...
Chapter 14 Tourism, leisure and sport
... The industry has had to adapt to a number of major changes in recent years including the success of low cost carriers and new distribution channels such as the internet, both of which have had insurance implications for the consumer. Recently Deutsche Bank Research has compared the most important co ...
... The industry has had to adapt to a number of major changes in recent years including the success of low cost carriers and new distribution channels such as the internet, both of which have had insurance implications for the consumer. Recently Deutsche Bank Research has compared the most important co ...
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... today‘s policy makers. Looking for an efficient greenhouse gas emission profile from the perspective of a global decision maker requires careful consideration of the socio-economic environments that will bear the impacts of climate change. One particular concern is the widely disparate incomes of th ...
... today‘s policy makers. Looking for an efficient greenhouse gas emission profile from the perspective of a global decision maker requires careful consideration of the socio-economic environments that will bear the impacts of climate change. One particular concern is the widely disparate incomes of th ...
Multimodel assessment of water scarcity under climate change
... Importantly, however, the spread across the multimodel ensemble is large. For a few GHM–GCM combinations, the figure for the 20% or 1σ criterion never exceeds 10%, whereas others project that more than 30% of the global population will already be affected at 2 °C. Note that in many of the regions tha ...
... Importantly, however, the spread across the multimodel ensemble is large. For a few GHM–GCM combinations, the figure for the 20% or 1σ criterion never exceeds 10%, whereas others project that more than 30% of the global population will already be affected at 2 °C. Note that in many of the regions tha ...
Global Warming and Extreme Weather
... • The United States has experienced an increase in heavy precipitation events, with the amount of precipitation falling in the top 1 percent of rainfall events increasing by 20 percent over the course of the 20th century. The trend toward extreme precipitation is projected to continue, even as high ...
... • The United States has experienced an increase in heavy precipitation events, with the amount of precipitation falling in the top 1 percent of rainfall events increasing by 20 percent over the course of the 20th century. The trend toward extreme precipitation is projected to continue, even as high ...
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... About 38.0% of the respondents had no formal education (Table 1) while 71.0% had secondary and tertiary education. Formal education enables farmers to obtain useful information from bulletins, agricultural newsletter and other sources. However, Agbamu (1996) opined that education level made negative ...
... About 38.0% of the respondents had no formal education (Table 1) while 71.0% had secondary and tertiary education. Formal education enables farmers to obtain useful information from bulletins, agricultural newsletter and other sources. However, Agbamu (1996) opined that education level made negative ...
Report
... % The United States has experienced an increase in heavy precipitation events, with the amount of precipitation falling in the top 1 percent of rainfall events increasing by 20 percent over the course of the 20th century. The trend toward extreme precipitation is projected to continue, even as high ...
... % The United States has experienced an increase in heavy precipitation events, with the amount of precipitation falling in the top 1 percent of rainfall events increasing by 20 percent over the course of the 20th century. The trend toward extreme precipitation is projected to continue, even as high ...
El Ni˜no Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and global - adv
... Abstract. It is widely accepted by the international scientific community that human activities have increased atmospheric concentrations1 of greenhouse gases (GHG) and aerosols since the pre-industrial era. This increase has contributed to most of the warming (0.6±0.2◦ C) observed over the 20th cen ...
... Abstract. It is widely accepted by the international scientific community that human activities have increased atmospheric concentrations1 of greenhouse gases (GHG) and aerosols since the pre-industrial era. This increase has contributed to most of the warming (0.6±0.2◦ C) observed over the 20th cen ...
The 4 ‘I’s of Adaptation
... Communities have been adapting to climate variability for years and often have the experience and ability to deal with change. However, in many cases they are under-resourced and may require technical as well as financial support to help strengthen their adaptive capacity. Risk management approaches ...
... Communities have been adapting to climate variability for years and often have the experience and ability to deal with change. However, in many cases they are under-resourced and may require technical as well as financial support to help strengthen their adaptive capacity. Risk management approaches ...
Endnotes - CSIRO Publishing
... from Phase 1 of the South Eastern Australian Climate Initiative (SEACI). SEACI report. CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Aspendale. 11. Potter NJ, Chiew FHS and Frost AJ (2010) An assessment of the severity of recent reductions in rainfall and runoff in the Murray-Darling Basin. Journal of Hydr ...
... from Phase 1 of the South Eastern Australian Climate Initiative (SEACI). SEACI report. CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Aspendale. 11. Potter NJ, Chiew FHS and Frost AJ (2010) An assessment of the severity of recent reductions in rainfall and runoff in the Murray-Darling Basin. Journal of Hydr ...
Managing climate risk using climate-smart agriculture
... There is a growing consensus in the scientific literature that the earth is warming due to anthropogenic increases in greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere (IPCC, 2014) (see Fig. 1). There is considerable reason to be concerned about the effects on food security. We have seen several periods ...
... There is a growing consensus in the scientific literature that the earth is warming due to anthropogenic increases in greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere (IPCC, 2014) (see Fig. 1). There is considerable reason to be concerned about the effects on food security. We have seen several periods ...
Projected pH reductions by 2100 might put deep
... Global ocean anthropogenic carbon inventories suggest that the ocean took up a cumulative ∼ 155 ± 31 Pg C (1015 g of carbon) in 2010 (Khatiwala et al., 2013). This uptake of CO2 is causing profound changes in seawater chemistry resulting from increased hydrogen ion concentration (decrease in pH, pH ...
... Global ocean anthropogenic carbon inventories suggest that the ocean took up a cumulative ∼ 155 ± 31 Pg C (1015 g of carbon) in 2010 (Khatiwala et al., 2013). This uptake of CO2 is causing profound changes in seawater chemistry resulting from increased hydrogen ion concentration (decrease in pH, pH ...
a comparative study of biodiversity conservation coping with climate
... Climate change is a real and urgent challenge that is already affecting people and the environment worldwide. Significant changes are occurring on Earth, including increasing air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising sea levels. Biodiversity loss and ecosystems degra ...
... Climate change is a real and urgent challenge that is already affecting people and the environment worldwide. Significant changes are occurring on Earth, including increasing air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising sea levels. Biodiversity loss and ecosystems degra ...
Potentials for Adaptation to Climate Change in Human
... Vulnerabilities of settlements to impacts of climate change vary regionally (see Box and Vignettes below), but they generally include some or many of the following impact concerns: (1) Effects on health. It is well-established that higher temperatures in urban areas are related to higher concentrati ...
... Vulnerabilities of settlements to impacts of climate change vary regionally (see Box and Vignettes below), but they generally include some or many of the following impact concerns: (1) Effects on health. It is well-established that higher temperatures in urban areas are related to higher concentrati ...
Center for Policy Research
... Although "scientific consensus" is often cited in support of opposing views on global climate change, there has been little systematic study of prevailing opinion within the scientific community. Scientists are well aware that scientific consensus can be wrong, but, nonetheless, it is invoked freque ...
... Although "scientific consensus" is often cited in support of opposing views on global climate change, there has been little systematic study of prevailing opinion within the scientific community. Scientists are well aware that scientific consensus can be wrong, but, nonetheless, it is invoked freque ...
Demographics of true and false climate facts
... show response patterns consistent with biased assimilation (and biased guessing) contributing to the correlation observed between climate beliefs and knowledge. The survey knowledge questions involve key, uncontroversial observations such as whether the area of late-summer Arctic sea ice has decline ...
... show response patterns consistent with biased assimilation (and biased guessing) contributing to the correlation observed between climate beliefs and knowledge. The survey knowledge questions involve key, uncontroversial observations such as whether the area of late-summer Arctic sea ice has decline ...
01 Trevor Ballance.indd
... This paper discusses the question of whether, in the light of what is becoming overwhelming evidence, Japanese university students are being adequately prepared for a future in which their lives may be deeply affected by the consequences of climate change. Using research conducted by survey at two J ...
... This paper discusses the question of whether, in the light of what is becoming overwhelming evidence, Japanese university students are being adequately prepared for a future in which their lives may be deeply affected by the consequences of climate change. Using research conducted by survey at two J ...
Print - Climate Change Knowledge Portal
... The trend over the last 40 years suggests a strengthening of the hydrological cycle, with more intense rain occurring during shorter periods of time that produce greater average precipitation per episode. This trend is expected to continue in the future due to climate change, possibly resulting in a ...
... The trend over the last 40 years suggests a strengthening of the hydrological cycle, with more intense rain occurring during shorter periods of time that produce greater average precipitation per episode. This trend is expected to continue in the future due to climate change, possibly resulting in a ...
Review Copy
... The impact of global warming on the energy consumption of a country for space heating and cooling depends on the current and future regional climate, the required thermal comfort inside buildings, and technical building features such as thermal insulation quality. Quantitative projections of future ...
... The impact of global warming on the energy consumption of a country for space heating and cooling depends on the current and future regional climate, the required thermal comfort inside buildings, and technical building features such as thermal insulation quality. Quantitative projections of future ...
one National Security and Climate Change in Perspective
... That year, the United Nations and the World Meteorological Organization established the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; its purpose was to be an independent entity to collect and analyze climate information from around the world, identify weaknesses and gaps in climate and environmental k ...
... That year, the United Nations and the World Meteorological Organization established the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; its purpose was to be an independent entity to collect and analyze climate information from around the world, identify weaknesses and gaps in climate and environmental k ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.