2.1 Causes of Vulnerability Associated with Climate Change
... Biological Diversity (CBD) noted the specific vulnerabilities of indigenous and local communities to the impacts of climate change and the accelerated threats to traditional knowledge, innovations and practices. It has requested that further research be conducted into highly vulnerable indigenous an ...
... Biological Diversity (CBD) noted the specific vulnerabilities of indigenous and local communities to the impacts of climate change and the accelerated threats to traditional knowledge, innovations and practices. It has requested that further research be conducted into highly vulnerable indigenous an ...
Food System Futures: dealing with uncertainty and complexity
... Nordeman, and H. Rowlands. 2014a. A sense of change: media designers and artists communicating about complexity in socialecological systems. Ecology and Society 19. Vervoort, J. M., K. Kok, P. J. Beers, R. Van Lammeren, and R. Janssen. 2012. Combining analytic and experiential communication in parti ...
... Nordeman, and H. Rowlands. 2014a. A sense of change: media designers and artists communicating about complexity in socialecological systems. Ecology and Society 19. Vervoort, J. M., K. Kok, P. J. Beers, R. Van Lammeren, and R. Janssen. 2012. Combining analytic and experiential communication in parti ...
GCOS Switzerland
... between mountainous regions and flatland regions in winter, as well as the north-south gradient in cloud cover over Switzerland in summer. ...
... between mountainous regions and flatland regions in winter, as well as the north-south gradient in cloud cover over Switzerland in summer. ...
Microorganisms and climate change: terrestrial feedbacks and
... sugars by the autotrophic (mainly plant) communities in the presence of daylight. Plants release a great portion of fixed carbon back to the atmosphere through autotrophic respiration. Along with the release of a substantial portion of newly fixed carbon through their roots, plant litters form a mai ...
... sugars by the autotrophic (mainly plant) communities in the presence of daylight. Plants release a great portion of fixed carbon back to the atmosphere through autotrophic respiration. Along with the release of a substantial portion of newly fixed carbon through their roots, plant litters form a mai ...
Particulate air pollution from wildfires in the Western US under
... the A1B scenario (Meehl and Stocker 2007), which projects moderate growth of greenhouse gas emissions, representing a relatively conservative estimate of future warming due to increased greenhouse gases with balanced reliance on fossil and non-fossil fuels (Intergovernmental Panel ...
... the A1B scenario (Meehl and Stocker 2007), which projects moderate growth of greenhouse gas emissions, representing a relatively conservative estimate of future warming due to increased greenhouse gases with balanced reliance on fossil and non-fossil fuels (Intergovernmental Panel ...
vsi09 cc Anthoff 10154597 en
... decision maker. It seems that the Stern Review‟s calculation of welfare measures is based on globally averaged per capita income and total population figures2. The Stern Review suggests that a more appropriate aggregation would take up regional data when deriving the welfare measure. Due to time con ...
... decision maker. It seems that the Stern Review‟s calculation of welfare measures is based on globally averaged per capita income and total population figures2. The Stern Review suggests that a more appropriate aggregation would take up regional data when deriving the welfare measure. Due to time con ...
Cognitive and affective risk judgements related to climate change
... Current scientific knowledge indicates that the global climate is affected by human activities. The average global temperature has increased by approximately +0.7 °C during the last 100 years, and it is expected to increase more rapidly in the future. Conclusions about warming of the climate system ...
... Current scientific knowledge indicates that the global climate is affected by human activities. The average global temperature has increased by approximately +0.7 °C during the last 100 years, and it is expected to increase more rapidly in the future. Conclusions about warming of the climate system ...
Examining climate-biome - Wildlife Conservation Society Canada
... We applied the existing Alaska–Canada Climate Biome Shift outputs prepared by Scenarios Network for Arctic Planning (SNAP) (SNAP-EWHALE, 2012) to address questions about Yukon and its PA network. Climate-biomes or ‘‘cliomes’’ were initially created as part of a collaborative effort between multiple ...
... We applied the existing Alaska–Canada Climate Biome Shift outputs prepared by Scenarios Network for Arctic Planning (SNAP) (SNAP-EWHALE, 2012) to address questions about Yukon and its PA network. Climate-biomes or ‘‘cliomes’’ were initially created as part of a collaborative effort between multiple ...
PDF
... is more or less vulnerable than the other. There is an obvious difference in the nature of vulnerability but not in the intensity of the vulnerability. Moreover, some mechanisms (feedbacks, rebound effects, etc.) might appear negligible a priori but reveal themselves to be crucial in a more careful ...
... is more or less vulnerable than the other. There is an obvious difference in the nature of vulnerability but not in the intensity of the vulnerability. Moreover, some mechanisms (feedbacks, rebound effects, etc.) might appear negligible a priori but reveal themselves to be crucial in a more careful ...
14 Historic and Likely Future Impacts of Climate Change on Lake
... and Boca (∼20–25 km north of Tahoe City and outside the Tahoe basin), both Tmax and Tmin also trended upward in winter and spring. As might be expected, the trend in air temperature in the Tahoe basin is reflected in both the form of precipitation, and the timing of snowmelt. Figure 14.2 shows the f ...
... and Boca (∼20–25 km north of Tahoe City and outside the Tahoe basin), both Tmax and Tmin also trended upward in winter and spring. As might be expected, the trend in air temperature in the Tahoe basin is reflected in both the form of precipitation, and the timing of snowmelt. Figure 14.2 shows the f ...
Public Perceptions of Climate Change
... Sixty percent of Old Line State adults think the Chesapeake Bay could be harmed by climate change. About six in ten say the same about people’s health in general. ...
... Sixty percent of Old Line State adults think the Chesapeake Bay could be harmed by climate change. About six in ten say the same about people’s health in general. ...
Adapting for climate change - City of Sydney
... community is ready to face the likely impacts of climate change. Far more than that, the City of Sydney is working to ensure that our city continues to thrive and is more liveable than ever. so we must adapt… This strategy sets out the impacts the changing climate will have on our city, the risks th ...
... community is ready to face the likely impacts of climate change. Far more than that, the City of Sydney is working to ensure that our city continues to thrive and is more liveable than ever. so we must adapt… This strategy sets out the impacts the changing climate will have on our city, the risks th ...
the inequality of food and nutrition
... Humanitarian emergencies Humanitarian emergencies are likely to affect more people in the coming decades for many reasons, including • Rapid population growth, particularly in disaster-prone areas. • Continued mass urbanisation, often unplanned and unsafe. • Climate change and climate-related disas ...
... Humanitarian emergencies Humanitarian emergencies are likely to affect more people in the coming decades for many reasons, including • Rapid population growth, particularly in disaster-prone areas. • Continued mass urbanisation, often unplanned and unsafe. • Climate change and climate-related disas ...
The social cost of carbon: Valuation estimates and
... and the marginal damage costs of emissions, known as the Social Cost of Carbon (SCC). In 2002, the UK Government recommended an SCC for policy appraisal. A recent review of this SCC was commissioned and summarised in this paper. The authors conclude that SCC estimates span at least three orders of m ...
... and the marginal damage costs of emissions, known as the Social Cost of Carbon (SCC). In 2002, the UK Government recommended an SCC for policy appraisal. A recent review of this SCC was commissioned and summarised in this paper. The authors conclude that SCC estimates span at least three orders of m ...
Quantifying the consensus on anthropogenic global
... Our analysis finds that among the 10,306 scientists who authored an abstract expressing a position on AGW, 98.5% endorse the consensus. ...
... Our analysis finds that among the 10,306 scientists who authored an abstract expressing a position on AGW, 98.5% endorse the consensus. ...
North Atlantic storminess and Atlantic Meridional Overturning
... from climate model simulations of the last Millennium. While an increase in storm frequency implicates positive NAO, increased intensity would be consistent with negative NAO during the LIA. Such an increase in cyclone intensity could have resulted from the steepening of the meridional temperature g ...
... from climate model simulations of the last Millennium. While an increase in storm frequency implicates positive NAO, increased intensity would be consistent with negative NAO during the LIA. Such an increase in cyclone intensity could have resulted from the steepening of the meridional temperature g ...
Sensitivity of the Humboldt Current system to global warming: a
... Two 30-year time periods were selected from the PI and 4CO2 scenarios, respectively: the 1970–1999 period from the PI scenario, and the 2120–2149 period from the 4CO2 scenario. Note that the calendar of the model years has no particular meaning since (1) they refer to idealized experiments without a ...
... Two 30-year time periods were selected from the PI and 4CO2 scenarios, respectively: the 1970–1999 period from the PI scenario, and the 2120–2149 period from the 4CO2 scenario. Note that the calendar of the model years has no particular meaning since (1) they refer to idealized experiments without a ...
Net primary production of terrestrial ecosystems in China
... temperature constraint, f(T) declines rapidly to 0.0 (McGuire, et al., 1996). Air temperature also affects plant respiration (RA). The flux RA includes both maintenance respiration (RM) and construction respiration (RC). The flux RM increases logarithmically with temperature using a Q10 value that ...
... temperature constraint, f(T) declines rapidly to 0.0 (McGuire, et al., 1996). Air temperature also affects plant respiration (RA). The flux RA includes both maintenance respiration (RM) and construction respiration (RC). The flux RM increases logarithmically with temperature using a Q10 value that ...
The Potential Impact of Climate Change on Insurance Regulation
... real estate is complex. It can arise not only from declining asset values, but also the costs of fortification, physical damage to structures, and associated business interruption. Insurers hold reserves funded by investments in assets that are secured in part by real estate. These indirect investm ...
... real estate is complex. It can arise not only from declining asset values, but also the costs of fortification, physical damage to structures, and associated business interruption. Insurers hold reserves funded by investments in assets that are secured in part by real estate. These indirect investm ...
Impact of climate change on tropospheric ozone
... change scenario is considered. In addition, some recent regional and global model studies indicate substantial regional impacts of climate change on concentrations of surface ozone (Langner et al., 2005; Murazaki and Hess, 2006). It is likely that climate change will also affect emissions of trace g ...
... change scenario is considered. In addition, some recent regional and global model studies indicate substantial regional impacts of climate change on concentrations of surface ozone (Langner et al., 2005; Murazaki and Hess, 2006). It is likely that climate change will also affect emissions of trace g ...
Climate Change and European Agriculture - EDOC HU
... likely to overestimate impacts, when not accounting for adaptation. Simulation results indicate, that agricultural productivity in most European countries is positively affected by climate change, at least until the year 2050. However, the degree of impacts vary among crop categories and countries a ...
... likely to overestimate impacts, when not accounting for adaptation. Simulation results indicate, that agricultural productivity in most European countries is positively affected by climate change, at least until the year 2050. However, the degree of impacts vary among crop categories and countries a ...
Motivated Rejection of Science
... More than 90% of climate scientists agree that the global climate is changing largely due to human CO2 emissions (Anderegg, Prall, Harold, & Schneider, 2010; Doran & Zimmerman, 2009).1 There are indications that the 2007 assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was conserva ...
... More than 90% of climate scientists agree that the global climate is changing largely due to human CO2 emissions (Anderegg, Prall, Harold, & Schneider, 2010; Doran & Zimmerman, 2009).1 There are indications that the 2007 assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was conserva ...
Link to PDF of publication
... information requirements, strengths, weaknesses, lessons learned, gaps at different levels and relevance for social and environmental impacts, as well as discussing capacity needs for applying risk assessment methods in developing countries. It also considers risk assessment application to decision- ...
... information requirements, strengths, weaknesses, lessons learned, gaps at different levels and relevance for social and environmental impacts, as well as discussing capacity needs for applying risk assessment methods in developing countries. It also considers risk assessment application to decision- ...
Climate Change and Security in Africa - The Africa
... impacted on is the Nile Basin. The area is of particular importance because 7 out of 10 countries constituting East Africa, with a combined population of 180 million people sharing the Nile Basin’s water, have experienced some of the most brutal conflicts that the world has witnessed in recent years ...
... impacted on is the Nile Basin. The area is of particular importance because 7 out of 10 countries constituting East Africa, with a combined population of 180 million people sharing the Nile Basin’s water, have experienced some of the most brutal conflicts that the world has witnessed in recent years ...
36 - Ecology and Society
... To forecast changes in ecosystem service provision for the Barents Region, we adopted a strategy whereby experts selected services from natural ecosystems considered to be typical and characteristic to the region, as well as the most important for local communities in the Barents Region. Given this ...
... To forecast changes in ecosystem service provision for the Barents Region, we adopted a strategy whereby experts selected services from natural ecosystems considered to be typical and characteristic to the region, as well as the most important for local communities in the Barents Region. Given this ...
Climate change and agriculture
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Climate change and agriculture are interrelated processes, both of which take place on a global scale. Climate change affects agriculture in a number of ways, including through changes in average temperatures, rainfall, and climate extremes (e.g., heat waves); changes in pests and diseases; changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide and ground-level ozone concentrations; changes in the nutritional quality of some foods; and changes in sea level.Climate change is already affecting agriculture, with effects unevenly distributed across the world. Future climate change will likely negatively affect crop production in low latitude countries, while effects in northern latitudes may be positive or negative. Climate change will probably increase the risk of food insecurity for some vulnerable groups, such as the poor.Agriculture contributes to climate change by (1) anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), and (2) by the conversion of non-agricultural land (e.g., forests) into agricultural land. Agriculture, forestry and land-use change contributed around 20 to 25% to global annual emissions in 2010.There are range of policies that can reduce the risk of negative climate change impacts on agriculture, and to reduce GHG emissions from the agriculture sector.