Dynamics of Adaptive Introgression from Archaic to Modern Humans
... without the fitness cost of intermediate alleles. In this way, introgression can permit adaptations that might never occur by new mutation in a single population. Anderson’s (1949) second concluding observation was that the fitness importance of morphologically distinct hybrid swarms is likely to be ...
... without the fitness cost of intermediate alleles. In this way, introgression can permit adaptations that might never occur by new mutation in a single population. Anderson’s (1949) second concluding observation was that the fitness importance of morphologically distinct hybrid swarms is likely to be ...
- Economic Thought
... rational cost-benefit analysis. The model assumes stable, constant and consistent preferences. The Homo oeconomicus idea of man functions as a heuristic or abstract ideal type. It is closely linked to Samuelson’s revealed preference theory (i.e., preferences of consumers are revealed by their actual ...
... rational cost-benefit analysis. The model assumes stable, constant and consistent preferences. The Homo oeconomicus idea of man functions as a heuristic or abstract ideal type. It is closely linked to Samuelson’s revealed preference theory (i.e., preferences of consumers are revealed by their actual ...
Evolutionary Approaches to Creativity
... (Aiello 1996; Ruff et al. 1997). But although anatomically modern humans had arrived, behavioral modernity had not. It would make our story simple if the increase in brain size coincided with the burst of creativity in the Middle/Upper Paleolithic (Bickerton, 1990; Mithen, 1998), to be discussed sho ...
... (Aiello 1996; Ruff et al. 1997). But although anatomically modern humans had arrived, behavioral modernity had not. It would make our story simple if the increase in brain size coincided with the burst of creativity in the Middle/Upper Paleolithic (Bickerton, 1990; Mithen, 1998), to be discussed sho ...
Evolutionary Theory and Commons Management
... Our aim in this chapter is to draw lessons from current theory on the evolution of human cooperation for the management of contemporary commons. Evolutionary theorists have long been interested in cooperation but social scientists have documented patterns of cooperation in humans that present unusua ...
... Our aim in this chapter is to draw lessons from current theory on the evolution of human cooperation for the management of contemporary commons. Evolutionary theorists have long been interested in cooperation but social scientists have documented patterns of cooperation in humans that present unusua ...
Synthesis in the human evolutionary behavioural sciences
... term including applications to non-behavioural aspects of the phenotype), as the focus of this paper is the behavioural sciences. However, we note that most of the points could be applied to human evolutionary ecology at large. HBE is concerned with explaining adaptive behavioural variation within i ...
... term including applications to non-behavioural aspects of the phenotype), as the focus of this paper is the behavioural sciences. However, we note that most of the points could be applied to human evolutionary ecology at large. HBE is concerned with explaining adaptive behavioural variation within i ...
The Evolutionary Bases for Sustainable Behavior
... each strategy works directly against our evolved tendencies. As mentioned, our bodies evolved to respond to the taste of fat and sugar by feeling immense pleasure; we evolved to quickly devour all available sweet or fatty foods because such foods were perpetually scarce and perishable; our ancestors ...
... each strategy works directly against our evolved tendencies. As mentioned, our bodies evolved to respond to the taste of fat and sugar by feeling immense pleasure; we evolved to quickly devour all available sweet or fatty foods because such foods were perpetually scarce and perishable; our ancestors ...
The Evolutionary Bases for Sustainable Behavior
... each strategy works directly against our evolved tendencies. As mentioned, our bodies evolved to respond to the taste of fat and sugar by feeling immense pleasure; we evolved to quickly devour all available sweet or fatty foods because such foods were perpetually scarce and perishable; our ancestors ...
... each strategy works directly against our evolved tendencies. As mentioned, our bodies evolved to respond to the taste of fat and sugar by feeling immense pleasure; we evolved to quickly devour all available sweet or fatty foods because such foods were perpetually scarce and perishable; our ancestors ...
Exercise, APOE genotype, and the evolution of the human lifespan
... nearby single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with disease states [22]. The presence of the e4 allele tends to increase total cholesterol levels compared with the homozygous e3 condition, whereas carriers of the e2 allele have lower total cholesterol levels due to a reduced binding af ...
... nearby single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with disease states [22]. The presence of the e4 allele tends to increase total cholesterol levels compared with the homozygous e3 condition, whereas carriers of the e2 allele have lower total cholesterol levels due to a reduced binding af ...
COGNITIVE SCIENCE
... groupings, called clades, on the basis of possession of shared, derived characteristics— that is, by genetically coded traits that arose in the common ancestor of the clade. The diagram produced by recursively grouping clades together is called a cladogram. (Note that, since “higher” groupings in th ...
... groupings, called clades, on the basis of possession of shared, derived characteristics— that is, by genetically coded traits that arose in the common ancestor of the clade. The diagram produced by recursively grouping clades together is called a cladogram. (Note that, since “higher” groupings in th ...
The Web of Life book - The National Evolutionary Synthesis Center
... been formed from others by descent with modification. We can know this even without observing it directly because we can observe the evidence for it. Sir William Jones, the Darwin of linguistics, did not observe Sanskrit and the other Indo-European languages evolve from a common source, but he did o ...
... been formed from others by descent with modification. We can know this even without observing it directly because we can observe the evidence for it. Sir William Jones, the Darwin of linguistics, did not observe Sanskrit and the other Indo-European languages evolve from a common source, but he did o ...
Essay Review Evolutionary psychology
... that investigating the Pleistocene is, in principle, the right way to go about establishing an adaptationist account of human psychology and behaviour; it's just that, in practice, not enough is actually known. What do evolutionary psychologists know about the Pleistocene, and how do they know it? I ...
... that investigating the Pleistocene is, in principle, the right way to go about establishing an adaptationist account of human psychology and behaviour; it's just that, in practice, not enough is actually known. What do evolutionary psychologists know about the Pleistocene, and how do they know it? I ...
To what extent did Neanderthals and modern humans interact?
... European settlers, Neanderthals could have been the recipients of a number of deadly plagues from invading modern humans that spread through immunologically vulnerable individuals. Given that mass-scale death is facilitated at high population densities, it is possible that seasonal gatherings and su ...
... European settlers, Neanderthals could have been the recipients of a number of deadly plagues from invading modern humans that spread through immunologically vulnerable individuals. Given that mass-scale death is facilitated at high population densities, it is possible that seasonal gatherings and su ...
Evolutionary Approaches to Creativity
... Though the anatomical capacity for language was present by this time (Wynn, 1998), verbal communication is thought to have been limited to (at best) pre-syntactical proto-language (Dunbar, 1996). Additionally, while humans may have for the first time been capable of representing an idea once the obj ...
... Though the anatomical capacity for language was present by this time (Wynn, 1998), verbal communication is thought to have been limited to (at best) pre-syntactical proto-language (Dunbar, 1996). Additionally, while humans may have for the first time been capable of representing an idea once the obj ...
Toward an Evolutionary Taxonomy of Treatable Conditions
... phenomena that fall outside the range of normal mental functioning, including but not limited to those that ensue when the psychological or neural architecture is damaged in some respect. At present both parent disciplines, psychology and medicine, are being gradually transformed through their emerg ...
... phenomena that fall outside the range of normal mental functioning, including but not limited to those that ensue when the psychological or neural architecture is damaged in some respect. At present both parent disciplines, psychology and medicine, are being gradually transformed through their emerg ...
gradEs 5-12 - Smithsonian`s Human Origins
... the past 6 million years. As you and your students explore the scientific evidence, you will discover that these traits did not emerge all at once or in any one species. There were important milestones along the way. For example, early humans began walking upright before they began making tools. A r ...
... the past 6 million years. As you and your students explore the scientific evidence, you will discover that these traits did not emerge all at once or in any one species. There were important milestones along the way. For example, early humans began walking upright before they began making tools. A r ...
Between Biology - Center for Evolutionary Psychology
... portant article of R. D. Alexander (1974) and E. 0. Wilson's (1975) perhaps unintentionally incendiary last chapter, many evolutionists have used the new tools to explain human behavior. In other animals, complex societies appear to be rooted fairly directly in psychological mechanisms that cause co ...
... portant article of R. D. Alexander (1974) and E. 0. Wilson's (1975) perhaps unintentionally incendiary last chapter, many evolutionists have used the new tools to explain human behavior. In other animals, complex societies appear to be rooted fairly directly in psychological mechanisms that cause co ...
pm eps - St Andrews research portal
... Evolution is central to biological understanding. Biologists in diverse fields regard at least a portion of what they do as evolutionary. Recent accomplishments to which evolutionary biology has contributed include the following: Molecular biology. Evolutionary approaches have contributed insight in ...
... Evolution is central to biological understanding. Biologists in diverse fields regard at least a portion of what they do as evolutionary. Recent accomplishments to which evolutionary biology has contributed include the following: Molecular biology. Evolutionary approaches have contributed insight in ...
Human Origins and Intelligent Design*
... of a few postcranial features"19 but also has a longer monkey-like trunk. This fossil could be a called a candidate as a transition between monkeys and apes. The primate phylogeny (Figure 2)14 states that these early apes evolved into the first hominids, and also into modern apes, but Henry Gee note ...
... of a few postcranial features"19 but also has a longer monkey-like trunk. This fossil could be a called a candidate as a transition between monkeys and apes. The primate phylogeny (Figure 2)14 states that these early apes evolved into the first hominids, and also into modern apes, but Henry Gee note ...
Biology 101: Origins of Life
... intelligent, possessed of great means of influence and yet who employed these faculties and that influence for the mere purpose of introducing ridicule into a grave scientific discussion, I unhesitatingly affirm my preference for the ape!” HUMANS AND THE TREE OF LIFE 1. How closely related is the DN ...
... intelligent, possessed of great means of influence and yet who employed these faculties and that influence for the mere purpose of introducing ridicule into a grave scientific discussion, I unhesitatingly affirm my preference for the ape!” HUMANS AND THE TREE OF LIFE 1. How closely related is the DN ...
Plasticity in Human Life History Strategy
... modifications to growth and development. Plasticity is understood as being undergirded by a genetic architecture that allows context-dependent trait expression in response to varying environmental experiences and behaviors (McIntyre and Kacerosky 2011; Stearns 1992; Stearns and Koella 1986). Biologi ...
... modifications to growth and development. Plasticity is understood as being undergirded by a genetic architecture that allows context-dependent trait expression in response to varying environmental experiences and behaviors (McIntyre and Kacerosky 2011; Stearns 1992; Stearns and Koella 1986). Biologi ...
Clarifying the Foundations of Evolutionary Psychology: A Reply to
... has not been a single new discovery about human cognition or behavior that has been directly guided by either multilevel selection models or gene–culture coevolution models. Instead, these models have at best provided post hoc explanations of known phenomena. This is problematic because, as Lakatos ...
... has not been a single new discovery about human cognition or behavior that has been directly guided by either multilevel selection models or gene–culture coevolution models. Instead, these models have at best provided post hoc explanations of known phenomena. This is problematic because, as Lakatos ...
The multimodular nature of human intelligence
... It takes. . . a mind debauched by learning to cany the process of making the natural seem strange, so far as to ask for the why of any instinctive human act. To the metaphysician alone can such questions occur as: Why do we smile, when pleased, and not scowl? Why are we unable to talk to a crowd as ...
... It takes. . . a mind debauched by learning to cany the process of making the natural seem strange, so far as to ask for the why of any instinctive human act. To the metaphysician alone can such questions occur as: Why do we smile, when pleased, and not scowl? Why are we unable to talk to a crowd as ...
Evolutionary Approaches to Creativity
... 1993). In Africa, West Asia, and Europe, by 1.4 million years ago Homo erectus developed the Aschulean hand axe (Asfaw et al., 1992), a do-it-all tool that may even have had some function as a social status symbol (Kohn & Mithen, 1999). These symmetrical biface stone tools probably required several ...
... 1993). In Africa, West Asia, and Europe, by 1.4 million years ago Homo erectus developed the Aschulean hand axe (Asfaw et al., 1992), a do-it-all tool that may even have had some function as a social status symbol (Kohn & Mithen, 1999). These symmetrical biface stone tools probably required several ...
Human brain evolution: transcripts, metabolites and their regulators
... 1.5 times larger than that of modern chimpanzees. Homo erectus, a hominid species that populated our planet between 1.9 mya and 200 thousand years ago (kya), had a cranium that was initially twice as large147,148. Homo heidelbergensis, another hominin ancestor that appeared approximately 1 mya, had ...
... 1.5 times larger than that of modern chimpanzees. Homo erectus, a hominid species that populated our planet between 1.9 mya and 200 thousand years ago (kya), had a cranium that was initially twice as large147,148. Homo heidelbergensis, another hominin ancestor that appeared approximately 1 mya, had ...
Evans et al., 2004 - The University of Texas at Austin
... of adaptive evolution. Accordingly, roughly 15 of the 19 nonsynonymous substitutions that occurred between the last human/chimpanzee ancestor and humans may have been adaptive and were driven to fixation by positive selection. This translates to about one adaptive amino acid change in ASPM for every ...
... of adaptive evolution. Accordingly, roughly 15 of the 19 nonsynonymous substitutions that occurred between the last human/chimpanzee ancestor and humans may have been adaptive and were driven to fixation by positive selection. This translates to about one adaptive amino acid change in ASPM for every ...
Before the Dawn (book)
Before the Dawn: Recovering the Lost History of Our Ancestors is a non-fiction book by Nicholas Wade, a science reporter for The New York Times. It was published in 2006 by the Penguin Group. By drawing upon research on the human genome, the book attempts to piece together what Wade calls ""two vanished periods"": the five million years of human evolution from the development of bipedalism leading up to behavioural modernity around 50,000 years ago, and the 45,000 subsequent years of prehistory.Wade asserts that there is a clear continuity from the earlier apes of five million years ago to the anatomically modern humans who diverged from them, citing the genetic and social similarities between humans and chimpanzees. He attributes the divergence of the two species from a common ancestor to a change in their ecological niche; the ancestors of chimpanzees remained in the forests of equatorial Africa, whereas the ancestors of humans moved to open woodland and were exposed to different evolutionary pressures. Although Wade posits that much of human evolution can be attributed to the physical environment, he also believes that one of the major forces shaping evolution has been the nature of human society itself.After humans migrated out of their ancestral environment of eastern Africa, they were exposed to new climates and challenges. Thus, Wade argues, human evolution did not end with behavioural modernity, but continued to be shaped by the different environments and lifestyles of each continent. While many adaptations happened in parallel across human populations, Wade believes that genetic isolation – either because of geography or hostile tribalism – also facilitated a degree of independent evolution, leading to genetic and cultural differentiation from the ancestral population and giving rise to different human races and languages.The book received generally positive reviews, but some criticised the use of the term ""race"" and the implications of differences between them. In 2007, it won the Science in Society Journalism Award from the National Association of Science Writers.