Human Brain Evolution
... and 9). Much has been written in recent years about this subject, but we can trace the roots of the discourse back more than two hundred years. In 1798, Thomas Robert Malthus, an English clergyman and economist, published An Essay on the Principle of Population: As It Affects the Future Improvement ...
... and 9). Much has been written in recent years about this subject, but we can trace the roots of the discourse back more than two hundred years. In 1798, Thomas Robert Malthus, an English clergyman and economist, published An Essay on the Principle of Population: As It Affects the Future Improvement ...
Neandertal Man the Hunter: A History of Neandertal Subsistence
... DNA analysis was introduced to anthropological studies in the 1980s, intensifying the debate over modern human origins and Homo sapiens’ relationship to Neandertals. Cann, Stoneking, and Wilson (1987) added vigor to the replacement hypothesis, when they suggested that all modern humans had a common ...
... DNA analysis was introduced to anthropological studies in the 1980s, intensifying the debate over modern human origins and Homo sapiens’ relationship to Neandertals. Cann, Stoneking, and Wilson (1987) added vigor to the replacement hypothesis, when they suggested that all modern humans had a common ...
The Evolution of Human Emotions
... local group but, instead, the much larger regional community of 10 square miles in which individuals move about freely, forming temporary gatherings that then break up, only to form again but never for long periods of time (Maryanski and Turner 1992). The group, then, is not the natural unit of soci ...
... local group but, instead, the much larger regional community of 10 square miles in which individuals move about freely, forming temporary gatherings that then break up, only to form again but never for long periods of time (Maryanski and Turner 1992). The group, then, is not the natural unit of soci ...
The College of Health and Human Development
... estimate has been questioned and further study has revealed a significantly larger estimate of 418 cubic centimeters (Vannucci et al. 2011). Other features that according to Brown and colleagues contributed to the new species classification include a fissure separating the mastoid process from the p ...
... estimate has been questioned and further study has revealed a significantly larger estimate of 418 cubic centimeters (Vannucci et al. 2011). Other features that according to Brown and colleagues contributed to the new species classification include a fissure separating the mastoid process from the p ...
D.3.4-3.10 Human Evolution PowerPoint
... posture and a skull on top of vertebrae; A. afarensis also had short legs indicating bipedality; A. afarensis curved finger bones; which indicated it was still arboreal (living in trees); A. afarensis had conical thorax; indicating vegetarian diet; A. afarensis dentition (teeth) more like a chimp th ...
... posture and a skull on top of vertebrae; A. afarensis also had short legs indicating bipedality; A. afarensis curved finger bones; which indicated it was still arboreal (living in trees); A. afarensis had conical thorax; indicating vegetarian diet; A. afarensis dentition (teeth) more like a chimp th ...
ANT1 - unimaid.edu.ng
... scale societies.they became interested n the distribution of cultural traits and elements which means they hoped to find out how cultural traits have diffused from a common origin or origins. The diffusionists argued that all cultural traits were originally developed in Egypt and subsequently spread ...
... scale societies.they became interested n the distribution of cultural traits and elements which means they hoped to find out how cultural traits have diffused from a common origin or origins. The diffusionists argued that all cultural traits were originally developed in Egypt and subsequently spread ...
Chromosomal Rearrangements as Barriers to Genetic
... taxa. Using a paired-end read approach with Illumina sequence data for archaic humans, I identify changes in genome structure that occurred recently in human evolution. Hundreds of rearrangements indicate genomic trafficking between the sex chromosomes and autosomes, raising the possibility of sex-s ...
... taxa. Using a paired-end read approach with Illumina sequence data for archaic humans, I identify changes in genome structure that occurred recently in human evolution. Hundreds of rearrangements indicate genomic trafficking between the sex chromosomes and autosomes, raising the possibility of sex-s ...
Evans et al., 2004 - The University of Texas at Austin
... developmental defects in the affected patients. Such specificity in phenotype is striking, given that most genes known to regulate corticogenesis are typically also involved in the development of several other tissue systems. In light of the apparent functional specificity of ASPM in corticogenesis, ...
... developmental defects in the affected patients. Such specificity in phenotype is striking, given that most genes known to regulate corticogenesis are typically also involved in the development of several other tissue systems. In light of the apparent functional specificity of ASPM in corticogenesis, ...
Chimpocentrism and reconstructions of human evolution (a timely
... ‘‘why did humans lose exaggerated swellings?’’ as ‘‘why did exaggerated sexual swellings evolve in chimpanzees?’’ (Laland & Brown, 2003). Using phylogenetic analysis, Sillén-Tullberg and Møller for example found that the most parsimonious phylogenetic map producing the distribution of visual signs o ...
... ‘‘why did humans lose exaggerated swellings?’’ as ‘‘why did exaggerated sexual swellings evolve in chimpanzees?’’ (Laland & Brown, 2003). Using phylogenetic analysis, Sillén-Tullberg and Møller for example found that the most parsimonious phylogenetic map producing the distribution of visual signs o ...
The Evolution of Hominid Bipedalism
... Peter Wheeler's heat hypothesis describes a thermoregulatory advantage that bipedal hominids would have had over their quadrupedal peers (Wheeler 1984). It illustrates a situation where hominids became bipedal on the grasslands of the African savannah. By standing up, they will be exposed to cooler ...
... Peter Wheeler's heat hypothesis describes a thermoregulatory advantage that bipedal hominids would have had over their quadrupedal peers (Wheeler 1984). It illustrates a situation where hominids became bipedal on the grasslands of the African savannah. By standing up, they will be exposed to cooler ...
Reflections: Guns, Germs, and Steel
... Human history took off between about 100,000 and 50,000 years ago Diamond refers to this as humanity’s Great Leap Forward The earliest definite signs of that leap come from East African sites with standardized stone tools and the first persevered jewelry Most scholars believe the leap occurre ...
... Human history took off between about 100,000 and 50,000 years ago Diamond refers to this as humanity’s Great Leap Forward The earliest definite signs of that leap come from East African sites with standardized stone tools and the first persevered jewelry Most scholars believe the leap occurre ...
in PDF - Département de Biologie
... those species [10-15]. Indeed, human females have much more to gain by stopping to reproduce and provide parental or grand parental care, than going on re p ro d u ci n g [ 1 0 ] . Th e p r o s p e ct s a r e h u g e , understanding the proximate causes and the evolutionary process of this dramatic ...
... those species [10-15]. Indeed, human females have much more to gain by stopping to reproduce and provide parental or grand parental care, than going on re p ro d u ci n g [ 1 0 ] . Th e p r o s p e ct s a r e h u g e , understanding the proximate causes and the evolutionary process of this dramatic ...
gradEs 5-12 - Smithsonian`s Human Origins
... This exhibition is a great place to explore: »» some of the milestones in human evolution; »» a variety of early human species that evolved and went extinct over the » past 6 million years; »» the relationship between human evolution and the dramatic climate » fluctuations that occurred during thi ...
... This exhibition is a great place to explore: »» some of the milestones in human evolution; »» a variety of early human species that evolved and went extinct over the » past 6 million years; »» the relationship between human evolution and the dramatic climate » fluctuations that occurred during thi ...
Humeral Length Allometry in African Hominids (sensu lato) with
... We have previously argued that the femora of A.L. 288-1 (“Lucy,” referred to Australopithecus afarensis) and Liang Bua (LB) 1 (holotype of Homo floresiensis) have lengths near those expected for modern humans of their diminutive size. Jungers has argued that these same fossil hominins have humeri th ...
... We have previously argued that the femora of A.L. 288-1 (“Lucy,” referred to Australopithecus afarensis) and Liang Bua (LB) 1 (holotype of Homo floresiensis) have lengths near those expected for modern humans of their diminutive size. Jungers has argued that these same fossil hominins have humeri th ...
Brain Morphology of the Zhoukoudian H. erectus Half a Million
... hominid endocasts allows inferences on the evolution of human brain in an evolutionary context. The ZKD endocasts are good samples to know ancestral brains and to study human evolution. A g r o u p o f s i x H . e re c t u s specimens have been derived from the same locality at ZKD with a geological ...
... hominid endocasts allows inferences on the evolution of human brain in an evolutionary context. The ZKD endocasts are good samples to know ancestral brains and to study human evolution. A g r o u p o f s i x H . e re c t u s specimens have been derived from the same locality at ZKD with a geological ...
The Evolution of Difficult Childbirth and Helpless Hominin Infants
... Unfortunately, the fossil record for hominin pelves is smaller than we would prefer. There are few fossil pelvic remains of hominin species that precede those of human-like Neanderthals and anatomically modern Homo sapiens (Trinkaus 1984, Arsuaga et al. 1999). There are ∼20 total pelvic specimens fo ...
... Unfortunately, the fossil record for hominin pelves is smaller than we would prefer. There are few fossil pelvic remains of hominin species that precede those of human-like Neanderthals and anatomically modern Homo sapiens (Trinkaus 1984, Arsuaga et al. 1999). There are ∼20 total pelvic specimens fo ...
Metabolic hypothesis for human altriciality
... hominoids. However, given the helpless nature of human neonates and the challenges of caring for them, the question remains: what limits further fetal growth? Testing the Obstetrical Dilemma Hypothesis As outlined above, the traditional explanation for the apparent constraint on increased fetal inve ...
... hominoids. However, given the helpless nature of human neonates and the challenges of caring for them, the question remains: what limits further fetal growth? Testing the Obstetrical Dilemma Hypothesis As outlined above, the traditional explanation for the apparent constraint on increased fetal inve ...
Metabolic hypothesis for human altriciality
... hominoids. However, given the helpless nature of human neonates and the challenges of caring for them, the question remains: what limits further fetal growth? Testing the Obstetrical Dilemma Hypothesis As outlined above, the traditional explanation for the apparent constraint on increased fetal inve ...
... hominoids. However, given the helpless nature of human neonates and the challenges of caring for them, the question remains: what limits further fetal growth? Testing the Obstetrical Dilemma Hypothesis As outlined above, the traditional explanation for the apparent constraint on increased fetal inve ...
The origin of human pathogens: evaluating the role of agriculture
... Many significant diseases of human civilization are thought to have arisen concurrently with the advent of agriculture in human society. It has been hypothesised that the food produced by farming increased population sizes to allow the maintenance of virulent pathogens, i.e. civilization pathogens, w ...
... Many significant diseases of human civilization are thought to have arisen concurrently with the advent of agriculture in human society. It has been hypothesised that the food produced by farming increased population sizes to allow the maintenance of virulent pathogens, i.e. civilization pathogens, w ...
Evolutionary origins of obesity - Conferencias Sindrome Metabólico
... majority of Americans seem to possess some combination of obesity-susceptibility genes, while the rest are relatively resistant to overweight or obesity despite living in the same obesogenic environment. The genetic component of variations in body mass became evident only after development of the mo ...
... majority of Americans seem to possess some combination of obesity-susceptibility genes, while the rest are relatively resistant to overweight or obesity despite living in the same obesogenic environment. The genetic component of variations in body mass became evident only after development of the mo ...
Information, complexity, and the evolution of Homo sapiens in an
... features of skeletal anatomy that may be recognized in the fossil record. A sufficient number of these features (primarily cranial) are represented in recovered fossil remains to establish the presence of H. sapiens in sub-Saharan Africa by ~150 ka (1, 2). There is a lack of consensus, however, on f ...
... features of skeletal anatomy that may be recognized in the fossil record. A sufficient number of these features (primarily cranial) are represented in recovered fossil remains to establish the presence of H. sapiens in sub-Saharan Africa by ~150 ka (1, 2). There is a lack of consensus, however, on f ...
comparative primate genomics - Max Planck Institute for
... of many other animals, plants, and ecosystems. This begs the question of what features caused such a huge difference in the evolutionary trajectory of humans compared with other closely related primates. Another aspect of human uniqueness among primates is that they contemplate questions such as the ...
... of many other animals, plants, and ecosystems. This begs the question of what features caused such a huge difference in the evolutionary trajectory of humans compared with other closely related primates. Another aspect of human uniqueness among primates is that they contemplate questions such as the ...
Human eating behaviour in an evolutionary ecological context
... cooking, or both. Another key trait of human eating behaviour is the symbolic use of food, which emerged with modern Homo sapiens (100 000 years ago to the present) between 25 000 and 12 000 years ago. From this and subsequent social and economic transformations, including the origins of agriculture ...
... cooking, or both. Another key trait of human eating behaviour is the symbolic use of food, which emerged with modern Homo sapiens (100 000 years ago to the present) between 25 000 and 12 000 years ago. From this and subsequent social and economic transformations, including the origins of agriculture ...
australopithecus afarensis and human evolution
... between species produced by such mutations. The closer the biochemical similarity between different lineages, the more recent their shared common ancestor. If we measure the degree of biochemical difference produced by mutations in the DNA between species and combine it with an estimate of the mutat ...
... between species produced by such mutations. The closer the biochemical similarity between different lineages, the more recent their shared common ancestor. If we measure the degree of biochemical difference produced by mutations in the DNA between species and combine it with an estimate of the mutat ...
Skin deep - Direct-MS
... to some extent. It is important to remember, however, that those humans had clothing and shelter to help protect them from the elements. In some places, they also had the ability to harvest foods that were extraordinarily rich in vitamin D, as in the case of the Inuit. These two factors had profound ...
... to some extent. It is important to remember, however, that those humans had clothing and shelter to help protect them from the elements. In some places, they also had the ability to harvest foods that were extraordinarily rich in vitamin D, as in the case of the Inuit. These two factors had profound ...
Recent African origin of modern humans
In paleoanthropology, the recent African origin of modern humans, or the ""out of Africa"" theory (OOA), is the most widely accepted model of the geographic origin and early migration of anatomically modern humans. The theory is called the ""out-of-Africa"" theory in the popular press, and the ""recent single-origin hypothesis"" (RSOH), ""replacement hypothesis"", or ""recent African origin model"" (RAO) by experts in the field. The concept was speculative before it was corroborated in the 1980s by a study of present-day mitochondrial DNA, combined with evidence based on physical anthropology of archaic specimens.Genetic studies and fossil evidence show that archaic Homo sapiens evolved to anatomically modern humans solely in Africa between 200,000 and 60,000 years ago, that members of one branch of Homo sapiens left Africa at some point between 125,000 and 60,000 years ago, and that over time these humans replaced other populations of the genus Homo such as Neanderthals and Homo erectus. The date of the earliest successful ""out of Africa"" migration (earliest migrants with living descendants) has generally been placed at 60,000 years ago based on genetics, but migration out of the continent may have taken place as early as 125,000 years ago according to Arabian archaeological finds of tools in the region.The recent single origin of modern humans in East Africa is the predominant position held within the scientific community. There are differing theories on whether there was a single exodus or several. An increasing number of researchers believe that ""long-neglected North Africa"" may have been the original home of the first modern humans to migrate out of Africa.The major competing hypothesis is the multiregional origin of modern humans, which envisions a wave of Homo sapiens migrating earlier from Africa and interbreeding with local Homo erectus populations in multiple regions of the globe. Most multiregionalists still view Africa as a major wellspring of human genetic diversity, but allow a much greater role for hybridization.Genetic testing in the last decade has revealed that several now extinct archaic human species may have interbred with modern humans. These species have been claimed to have left their genetic imprint in different regions across the world: Neanderthals in all humans except Sub-Saharan Africans, Denisova hominin in Australasia (for example, Melanesians, Aboriginal Australians and some Negritos) and there could also have been interbreeding between Sub-Saharan Africans and an as-yet-unknown hominin (possibly remnants of the ancient species Homo heidelbergensis). However, the rate of interbreeding was found to be relatively low (1–10%) and other studies have suggested that the presence of Neanderthal or other archaic human genetic markers in modern humans can be attributed to shared ancestral traits originating from a common ancestor 500,000 to 800,000 years ago.