The Long-Run Effects of Climate Change on Conflict
... could only study long-run effects indirectly. For example, the pioneering work of Mendelsohn et al. (1994); Nordhaus (1993) uses cross-sectional evidence to argue that long-run effects can be largely mitigated by a relocation of economic activities. The key limitation of cross-sectional comparisons ...
... could only study long-run effects indirectly. For example, the pioneering work of Mendelsohn et al. (1994); Nordhaus (1993) uses cross-sectional evidence to argue that long-run effects can be largely mitigated by a relocation of economic activities. The key limitation of cross-sectional comparisons ...
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CLIMATE LIMITED
... terminals and facilities can be hardened, raised, or even relocated as need be and, where critical, to safety and mobility; expanded redundant systems may be considered. What adaptive strategies may be employed, the associated costs, and the relative effectiveness of those strategies will have to be ...
... terminals and facilities can be hardened, raised, or even relocated as need be and, where critical, to safety and mobility; expanded redundant systems may be considered. What adaptive strategies may be employed, the associated costs, and the relative effectiveness of those strategies will have to be ...
Improving runoff estimates from regional climate models: a
... several RCMs for the projection of climate variables in current and future climate situations. However, despite the relatively high resolution of RCMs, hydrologic modelling generally requires information on a smaller scale than that provided by the typical RCM grid size (Hagemann and Gates, 2003). T ...
... several RCMs for the projection of climate variables in current and future climate situations. However, despite the relatively high resolution of RCMs, hydrologic modelling generally requires information on a smaller scale than that provided by the typical RCM grid size (Hagemann and Gates, 2003). T ...
Climate Models: An Assessment of Strengths and Limitations
... The Earth’s radiant energy balance at the top of the atmosphere helps to determine its climate. Chapter 2 contains a brief description of energytransfer simulation within models, particularly within the atmospheric component. More important, Chapter 4 includes an extensive discussion about radiative ...
... The Earth’s radiant energy balance at the top of the atmosphere helps to determine its climate. Chapter 2 contains a brief description of energytransfer simulation within models, particularly within the atmospheric component. More important, Chapter 4 includes an extensive discussion about radiative ...
uganda`s economic development - Konrad-Adenauer
... resources, such as agriculture, forestry, water resources and wildlife, and therefore also a highly relevant factor for the country’s economic development potential. The unpredictability of the climate, captured in the broadest sense in the concept of climate change, is increasingly considered as on ...
... resources, such as agriculture, forestry, water resources and wildlife, and therefore also a highly relevant factor for the country’s economic development potential. The unpredictability of the climate, captured in the broadest sense in the concept of climate change, is increasingly considered as on ...
Urban Climate Change Adaptation and - East
... This seven-module, five-day course starts with an introduction to climate change and climate change adaptation; provides tools and techniques for assessing climate change impacts and vulnerabilities; presents a framework for identification, evaluation, selection, and implementation of climate adapta ...
... This seven-module, five-day course starts with an introduction to climate change and climate change adaptation; provides tools and techniques for assessing climate change impacts and vulnerabilities; presents a framework for identification, evaluation, selection, and implementation of climate adapta ...
and Aquaculture Projects
... aquatic species and altering productivity, habitats and migration patterns. Sea level rise, combined ...
... aquatic species and altering productivity, habitats and migration patterns. Sea level rise, combined ...
Urban Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience
... This seven-module, five-day course starts with an introduction to climate change and climate change adaptation; provides tools and techniques for assessing climate change impacts and vulnerabilities; presents a framework for identification, evaluation, selection, and implementation of climate adapta ...
... This seven-module, five-day course starts with an introduction to climate change and climate change adaptation; provides tools and techniques for assessing climate change impacts and vulnerabilities; presents a framework for identification, evaluation, selection, and implementation of climate adapta ...
Using Concept Maps for Assessing Adult Learners in Training
... a snow-induced peak in spring/early summer, and smaller peaks in July and August due to the effect of the monsoon season. In the five recent decades, the Rio Grande has experienced near averages as well as extremes similar to the variability of the climate of the last one-thousand years (Papadopulos ...
... a snow-induced peak in spring/early summer, and smaller peaks in July and August due to the effect of the monsoon season. In the five recent decades, the Rio Grande has experienced near averages as well as extremes similar to the variability of the climate of the last one-thousand years (Papadopulos ...
Climate of the Past Strength of forest
... and Alpert, 1993). These contributions can be defined as pure contribution of the vegetation-atmosphere interaction (without interaction between climate and ocean), as pure contribution of the ocean-atmosphere interaction (without interaction between climate and vegetation patterns), and as synergy ...
... and Alpert, 1993). These contributions can be defined as pure contribution of the vegetation-atmosphere interaction (without interaction between climate and ocean), as pure contribution of the ocean-atmosphere interaction (without interaction between climate and vegetation patterns), and as synergy ...
Slow science: the value of long ocean biogeochemistry records
... change include an increase in stratification, which would further limit the vertical supply of nutrients, which in subtropical regions could result in decreased primary production [6]. The oligotrophic gyres are thus expected to expand, further reducing global productivity. In subpolar regions, incr ...
... change include an increase in stratification, which would further limit the vertical supply of nutrients, which in subtropical regions could result in decreased primary production [6]. The oligotrophic gyres are thus expected to expand, further reducing global productivity. In subpolar regions, incr ...
IPCC WGI AR5 Chapter Template
... 100%, likely 66–100%, about as likely as not 33–66%, unlikely 0–33%, very unlikely 0–10%, exceptionally unlikely 0– 1%. Additional terms (extremely likely: 95–100%, more likely than not >50–100%, more unlikely than likely 0–<50% and extremely unlikely 0–5%) may also be used when appropriate. Assesse ...
... 100%, likely 66–100%, about as likely as not 33–66%, unlikely 0–33%, very unlikely 0–10%, exceptionally unlikely 0– 1%. Additional terms (extremely likely: 95–100%, more likely than not >50–100%, more unlikely than likely 0–<50% and extremely unlikely 0–5%) may also be used when appropriate. Assesse ...
THE IMPACT OF GLOBAL WARMING ON GLACIER MASS BALANCE
... 1946-1983, with summer temperatures exceeding 16°C. Equally noteworthy is the paucity of recent years with SWE reaching 1.5 m w.e., two from 1984-2005 compared to 10 from 19461983(water equivalent?). Several climate models agree that the Pacific Northwest will likely experience a 1.7-2.8°C temperatu ...
... 1946-1983, with summer temperatures exceeding 16°C. Equally noteworthy is the paucity of recent years with SWE reaching 1.5 m w.e., two from 1984-2005 compared to 10 from 19461983(water equivalent?). Several climate models agree that the Pacific Northwest will likely experience a 1.7-2.8°C temperatu ...
Estimating natural and anthropogenic responses of the water cycle
... Strong and growing quantitative evidence is at hand that the Earth's climate has undergone distinct changes in the past. During the last millennium the in uence of external and internal processes rendered both warmer and colder periods, the most pronounced of which are referred to as the Medieval Cl ...
... Strong and growing quantitative evidence is at hand that the Earth's climate has undergone distinct changes in the past. During the last millennium the in uence of external and internal processes rendered both warmer and colder periods, the most pronounced of which are referred to as the Medieval Cl ...
Table of Content
... climate change is far from being systematically mainstreamed in national development planning, such as the MKUKUTA, sector and local government plans. There has also been limited consideration of the potential impact of climate change on growth and poverty strategies. Tanzania has prepared a NAPA to ...
... climate change is far from being systematically mainstreamed in national development planning, such as the MKUKUTA, sector and local government plans. There has also been limited consideration of the potential impact of climate change on growth and poverty strategies. Tanzania has prepared a NAPA to ...
Climate Change Futures: Health, Ecological and Economic
... well as the health of insurers’ investments. Managing and transferring risks are the first responses of the insurance industry — and rising insurance premiums and exclusions are already making front-page news. Many corporations are changing practices and some are seizing business opportunities for p ...
... well as the health of insurers’ investments. Managing and transferring risks are the first responses of the insurance industry — and rising insurance premiums and exclusions are already making front-page news. Many corporations are changing practices and some are seizing business opportunities for p ...
Climate Science, the Public and the News Media
... climate science through the news media might be improved are: • Cultural factors influence the way the public assimilate and process information and these should be taken into account when designing a communications approach. Opportunities to do this include: encouraging a range of talented science ...
... climate science through the news media might be improved are: • Cultural factors influence the way the public assimilate and process information and these should be taken into account when designing a communications approach. Opportunities to do this include: encouraging a range of talented science ...
2 Methods and Data - Santa Clara University
... non-zero, we can write M 0L.5 M pE , where p0.5 is the percentile value of the new model ...
... non-zero, we can write M 0L.5 M pE , where p0.5 is the percentile value of the new model ...
How the Great Barrier Reef and its industries can adapt to climate
... 1a Paradise perturbed ................................................................................................................................... 9 1b Reef relief ................................................................................................................................. ...
... 1a Paradise perturbed ................................................................................................................................... 9 1b Reef relief ................................................................................................................................. ...
Climate-Related Disasters in Asia and the Pacific
... To connect GHG emissions with natural disasters, it is not enough to show that the increase in concentrations of GHGs in the Earth’s atmosphere has led to increased temperature or precipitation. A relationship between GHGs and climate-related hazards—extreme temperatures and precipitation—is require ...
... To connect GHG emissions with natural disasters, it is not enough to show that the increase in concentrations of GHGs in the Earth’s atmosphere has led to increased temperature or precipitation. A relationship between GHGs and climate-related hazards—extreme temperatures and precipitation—is require ...
Measuring Vulnerability - global change SysTem for Analysis
... circulation models (GCMs) or synthetic scenarios (+/10% precipitation, 30 cm sea level rise, etc.); The output of GCMs depend on assumptions about greenhouse gas emissions, feedbacks, etc. SRES scenarios represent emissions according to different development trajectories; Vulnerability will depend o ...
... circulation models (GCMs) or synthetic scenarios (+/10% precipitation, 30 cm sea level rise, etc.); The output of GCMs depend on assumptions about greenhouse gas emissions, feedbacks, etc. SRES scenarios represent emissions according to different development trajectories; Vulnerability will depend o ...
PDF
... limitations. Although the results are reasonably robust to the alternative damage and discounting assumptions, there are also wide uncertainties surrounding more distant climate impacts (beyond the 2100 horizon considered here), future emission trends, and the cross-country distribution of damages a ...
... limitations. Although the results are reasonably robust to the alternative damage and discounting assumptions, there are also wide uncertainties surrounding more distant climate impacts (beyond the 2100 horizon considered here), future emission trends, and the cross-country distribution of damages a ...
The Effects of Global Change upon United States Air Quality
... [2000 to 2100]; Spracklen et al., 2009 [2000 to 2050]; Kelly et al., 2012 [2000’s to 2050’s]). ...
... [2000 to 2100]; Spracklen et al., 2009 [2000 to 2050]; Kelly et al., 2012 [2000’s to 2050’s]). ...
Proceedings of Fifth International Conference on Climate Change
... This to some extent might contrast the previous research by WRI (2000); UN Women Watch (2004), IPCC (2007) and Mubaya et al. (2010), which found men to adapt better to climatic risks as they are more mobile, control vital resources and stand more chances of off-compound employment. This might also b ...
... This to some extent might contrast the previous research by WRI (2000); UN Women Watch (2004), IPCC (2007) and Mubaya et al. (2010), which found men to adapt better to climatic risks as they are more mobile, control vital resources and stand more chances of off-compound employment. This might also b ...