Ensemble modeling, uncertainty and robust predictions
... Forecasting in the United Kingdom were employing this ensemble approach operationally, developing distinctive methods for selecting alternative sets of initial conditions.4 Since then, the ensemble approach in weather forecasting has become increasingly sophisticated4,5 and has expanded to include m ...
... Forecasting in the United Kingdom were employing this ensemble approach operationally, developing distinctive methods for selecting alternative sets of initial conditions.4 Since then, the ensemble approach in weather forecasting has become increasingly sophisticated4,5 and has expanded to include m ...
understanding climate science - Garnaut Climate Change Review
... Records of carbon dioxide concentrations taken from proxy measures such as fossil plants and ice core data are available for the last 400 million years. These records indicate that atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide have fluctuated between about 180 ppm (parts per million by volume), level ...
... Records of carbon dioxide concentrations taken from proxy measures such as fossil plants and ice core data are available for the last 400 million years. These records indicate that atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide have fluctuated between about 180 ppm (parts per million by volume), level ...
Feng and Oppenheimer Krueger PNAS 2012 pub
... few quantitative studies taking into account climate variability and change attempt a modelbased approach to future projection (Barbieri et al. 2010; Feng et al. 2010; Kniveton et al. 2012). On the whole, the recent literature confirms the likelihood of significant increases in climate-driven migrat ...
... few quantitative studies taking into account climate variability and change attempt a modelbased approach to future projection (Barbieri et al. 2010; Feng et al. 2010; Kniveton et al. 2012). On the whole, the recent literature confirms the likelihood of significant increases in climate-driven migrat ...
Green infrastructure and ecosystem services to tackle climate
... According to Benedict and McMahon (2002) green infrastructure can be defined as an interconnected network of green spaces that preserve the functions of natural ecosystems and provides benefits to the population, and although this idea dates back to 1900 the term green infrastructure has only strong ...
... According to Benedict and McMahon (2002) green infrastructure can be defined as an interconnected network of green spaces that preserve the functions of natural ecosystems and provides benefits to the population, and although this idea dates back to 1900 the term green infrastructure has only strong ...
Chapter 4: Climate change
... and interior North America with shallow seas. The southerly location of Africa, India, and Australia precluded development of a circumpolar Antarctic current. Instead, open passageways between North and South America and Eurasia and Africa led to the development of a shallow equatorial seaway known ...
... and interior North America with shallow seas. The southerly location of Africa, India, and Australia precluded development of a circumpolar Antarctic current. Instead, open passageways between North and South America and Eurasia and Africa led to the development of a shallow equatorial seaway known ...
Article - Cerfacs
... simulated (CSi) and observed Africa temperature indices is 0.6 with a standard deviation of 0.1, (the data have been high-pass filtered with an 8 year cut-off, and the results are significant at the 0.1% significance level as estimated by a Student t-test). In the following, the analysis is focused ...
... simulated (CSi) and observed Africa temperature indices is 0.6 with a standard deviation of 0.1, (the data have been high-pass filtered with an 8 year cut-off, and the results are significant at the 0.1% significance level as estimated by a Student t-test). In the following, the analysis is focused ...
Hobday and Pecl_Global Marine Hotspots
... Fig. 1. Each of the hotspots is classified as falling in the northern (N) or southern (S) hemisphere, or equatorial region (E) ...
... Fig. 1. Each of the hotspots is classified as falling in the northern (N) or southern (S) hemisphere, or equatorial region (E) ...
PDF
... systems coupled with mitigation strategies to reduce green house gas emissions suggested by various bodies such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). According to Evans et al. (2011), research and development was proposed to support the strategies in enabling the agricultural sect ...
... systems coupled with mitigation strategies to reduce green house gas emissions suggested by various bodies such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). According to Evans et al. (2011), research and development was proposed to support the strategies in enabling the agricultural sect ...
Zimbabwe - TILZ
... known as El Niño, is associated with periods of low rainfall and the risk of drought in Zimbabwe, while ENSO’s cold phase, La Niña, brings periods of high rainfall and increased risk of flooding. Positive IOD events are associated with lower summer rainfall in Zimbabwe (Manatsa et al., 2008). Key cl ...
... known as El Niño, is associated with periods of low rainfall and the risk of drought in Zimbabwe, while ENSO’s cold phase, La Niña, brings periods of high rainfall and increased risk of flooding. Positive IOD events are associated with lower summer rainfall in Zimbabwe (Manatsa et al., 2008). Key cl ...
Global climate change impacts on Australia`s wheat crops
... Atmospheric CO2 levels may rise from current levels (378 ppm) to between 520 ppm to 750 ppm by the year 2100. At the same time, temperatures across Australia may increase by a range of 1ºC to almost 6ºC. Large changes in rainfall are possible with changes of up to 60% by 2100—noting that there is ma ...
... Atmospheric CO2 levels may rise from current levels (378 ppm) to between 520 ppm to 750 ppm by the year 2100. At the same time, temperatures across Australia may increase by a range of 1ºC to almost 6ºC. Large changes in rainfall are possible with changes of up to 60% by 2100—noting that there is ma ...
air module - Minnesota Department of Health
... Three significant observations in this overall warming: Winter temperatures have been rising about twice as fast as annual average temperatures Minimum or 'overnight low' temperatures have been rising faster than the maximum temperature, or ‘daytime high’ Since the early 1980s, the temperature ...
... Three significant observations in this overall warming: Winter temperatures have been rising about twice as fast as annual average temperatures Minimum or 'overnight low' temperatures have been rising faster than the maximum temperature, or ‘daytime high’ Since the early 1980s, the temperature ...
Climate change - ACT Government
... the concepts of the interdependence of living things within a habitat, an ecosystem, and how change in one part of an ecosystem impacts on other parts some of the processes by which human activities change natural environments in positive and negative ways (e.g. reduce feral cat population in a ...
... the concepts of the interdependence of living things within a habitat, an ecosystem, and how change in one part of an ecosystem impacts on other parts some of the processes by which human activities change natural environments in positive and negative ways (e.g. reduce feral cat population in a ...
Outcomes of 21st Session of Conference of
... • The Paris Agreement will be opened for signature from the 22 April 2016, thereafter Parties will ratify it between 21 April 2017 and 2020. ...
... • The Paris Agreement will be opened for signature from the 22 April 2016, thereafter Parties will ratify it between 21 April 2017 and 2020. ...
- EERA Network 3
... interviews (Feierabend, Jokmin, & Eilks, 2010). Teachers were asked where this topic should be placed within the curriculum, how much time we should dedicate for this topic, and the content of lessons related to climate change within chemistry education. Findings showed that, nearly all of the teach ...
... interviews (Feierabend, Jokmin, & Eilks, 2010). Teachers were asked where this topic should be placed within the curriculum, how much time we should dedicate for this topic, and the content of lessons related to climate change within chemistry education. Findings showed that, nearly all of the teach ...
An Enduring Conundrum for Wise Policy Advice
... were that the total precipitation was not changing but there was a weak tendency towards more extreme single incidents of precipitation. A separate study on precipitation comes to a similar conclusion, a 7% rise in daily precipitation maxima per degree C rise in temperature, but a result that masks ...
... were that the total precipitation was not changing but there was a weak tendency towards more extreme single incidents of precipitation. A separate study on precipitation comes to a similar conclusion, a 7% rise in daily precipitation maxima per degree C rise in temperature, but a result that masks ...
ISEES_GrandChallengeQuestions
... The water cycle is an integral component of the climate system, intersects all major biogeochemical cycles, and provisions freshwater resources that are essential to human society and most terrestrial ecosystems. Physical and biological drivers of the water cycle are varied, including planetary ene ...
... The water cycle is an integral component of the climate system, intersects all major biogeochemical cycles, and provisions freshwater resources that are essential to human society and most terrestrial ecosystems. Physical and biological drivers of the water cycle are varied, including planetary ene ...
CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS IN NEW ZEALAND: A CROSS
... increase in the AEP could result in up to a 10-fold increase in the cost of building damage (Smith et al 1998). Even if the high end of these increases in flooding AEPs occur, it may take decades to determine if the AEPs have in fact changed. By this time it will be too late for changes in planning ...
... increase in the AEP could result in up to a 10-fold increase in the cost of building damage (Smith et al 1998). Even if the high end of these increases in flooding AEPs occur, it may take decades to determine if the AEPs have in fact changed. By this time it will be too late for changes in planning ...
2010 Environment Report
... measures to developing countries. This includes loans to support projects and initiatives in the transport sector ( see article The African Development Bank and Climate Change Mitigation in Africa and article Financing Biofuels in Latin America and the Caribbean, Chapter 7 of this report ). A number ...
... measures to developing countries. This includes loans to support projects and initiatives in the transport sector ( see article The African Development Bank and Climate Change Mitigation in Africa and article Financing Biofuels in Latin America and the Caribbean, Chapter 7 of this report ). A number ...
Projections of precipitation, air temperature and potential
... climate changes and other meteorological conditions. Potential uncertain effects from warming still need to be investigated for regional agricultural adaptation to climate change (Valibour, 2015c). Drought and floods are other direct impacts of warming; in 2002 heavy rains caused by unusually high t ...
... climate changes and other meteorological conditions. Potential uncertain effects from warming still need to be investigated for regional agricultural adaptation to climate change (Valibour, 2015c). Drought and floods are other direct impacts of warming; in 2002 heavy rains caused by unusually high t ...
Climate change presents increased potential for
... on the future occurrence of VLF events. To date, the only known study examining changes in VLF occurrence with climate change (Stavros et al. 2014b), projected substantial increases in VL ...
... on the future occurrence of VLF events. To date, the only known study examining changes in VLF occurrence with climate change (Stavros et al. 2014b), projected substantial increases in VL ...
2015 METEOROLOGY RESOURCE LINKS ALL LINKS ACTIVE AS
... https://www.climate.gov/teaching/teaching-essential-principle-6-human-activities-are-impactingclimate-system NOAA reviewed resources for teaching about climate. Includes five key concepts for understanding climate change. http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/ess05.sci.ess.watcyc.lp_global2/globa ...
... https://www.climate.gov/teaching/teaching-essential-principle-6-human-activities-are-impactingclimate-system NOAA reviewed resources for teaching about climate. Includes five key concepts for understanding climate change. http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/ess05.sci.ess.watcyc.lp_global2/globa ...
www.ssoar.info How earth science has become a social science
... time rather scant, so our sample was small. However, for those systems for which we could find sufficient information to permit post hoc analysis, we found a striking result: that it was common for system behavior to diverge substantially from model predictions, and the most common cause of that di ...
... time rather scant, so our sample was small. However, for those systems for which we could find sufficient information to permit post hoc analysis, we found a striking result: that it was common for system behavior to diverge substantially from model predictions, and the most common cause of that di ...
Green Climate Fund - Philippine Movement for Climate Justice
... finance to cover the “full incremental costs” incurred by developing country Parties in implementing climate adaptation and mitigation measures (Article IV paragraphs 3 and 4).This finance is referred to as climate finance. The Green Climate Fund is supposed to receive climate finance from developed ...
... finance to cover the “full incremental costs” incurred by developing country Parties in implementing climate adaptation and mitigation measures (Article IV paragraphs 3 and 4).This finance is referred to as climate finance. The Green Climate Fund is supposed to receive climate finance from developed ...
