PDF
... factors, there is a weak linkage between policy actions over time and the climate change likely to be avoided (Jacoby, 2004, Webster et al., 2003). Some studies have attempted to estimate the value of the benefits of climate change mitigation. While Stern (2006) estimates the cost of climate change, ...
... factors, there is a weak linkage between policy actions over time and the climate change likely to be avoided (Jacoby, 2004, Webster et al., 2003). Some studies have attempted to estimate the value of the benefits of climate change mitigation. While Stern (2006) estimates the cost of climate change, ...
Climate change, the environment and armed con
... http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/publications_ipcc_fourth_assessment_report_wg1_report_the_p hysical_science_basis.htm (last accessed 12th August 2009). ...
... http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/publications_ipcc_fourth_assessment_report_wg1_report_the_p hysical_science_basis.htm (last accessed 12th August 2009). ...
Climate Risk Screening and Management Tool for Strategy Design
... (pg. 13). These are the elements you will be screening. If you refine or modify your DO or IR, simply update that column. Screening at the IR level is recommended. However, screening can also be done at the DO level, especially in low-risk areas. OR… ● If DOs and IRs have not yet been drafted, you m ...
... (pg. 13). These are the elements you will be screening. If you refine or modify your DO or IR, simply update that column. Screening at the IR level is recommended. However, screening can also be done at the DO level, especially in low-risk areas. OR… ● If DOs and IRs have not yet been drafted, you m ...
Climate change and global water resources: SRES emissions and
... river beds or wetlands). Second, it does not include a glacier component, so river flows in a cell do not include any net melt from upstream glaciers. Climate change must be seen in the context of multidecadal variability, which will lead to different amounts of water being available over different t ...
... river beds or wetlands). Second, it does not include a glacier component, so river flows in a cell do not include any net melt from upstream glaciers. Climate change must be seen in the context of multidecadal variability, which will lead to different amounts of water being available over different t ...
PNNL-director-vist - Civil, Environmental and Architectural
... based on current knowledge suggest ...
... based on current knowledge suggest ...
LCCARL263_en.pdf
... changes in climate would eventually lead to a loss in welfare, and that that loss would be disproportionately spread across the various regions of the world. Temperature is considered to be the most important climate variable in the analysis of tourism demand because, outside a certain range, it aff ...
... changes in climate would eventually lead to a loss in welfare, and that that loss would be disproportionately spread across the various regions of the world. Temperature is considered to be the most important climate variable in the analysis of tourism demand because, outside a certain range, it aff ...
Modeling Impacts of Climate Change on Giant Panda Habitat
... excludes giant pandas from areas <1,200 m in elevation [30], so these areas were also removed from projected suitable habitat. After removing human disturbance and unsuitable land cover we calculated the size of all remaining patches. We then removed all patches <4 km2 based on the average panda hom ...
... excludes giant pandas from areas <1,200 m in elevation [30], so these areas were also removed from projected suitable habitat. After removing human disturbance and unsuitable land cover we calculated the size of all remaining patches. We then removed all patches <4 km2 based on the average panda hom ...
Detecting an external influence on recent changes
... for mesoscale processes and to some extent longer period internal variability such as the dominant climate modes. This dataset is used in an optimal detection analysis along with the biogeochemical output from two state-of-the-art ESMs (MPI-ESM-LR and HadGEM2-ES) participating in the CMIP5 experimen ...
... for mesoscale processes and to some extent longer period internal variability such as the dominant climate modes. This dataset is used in an optimal detection analysis along with the biogeochemical output from two state-of-the-art ESMs (MPI-ESM-LR and HadGEM2-ES) participating in the CMIP5 experimen ...
Potential Threats from Climate Change to Human
... by 2010. Despite these activities, mountains are still facing enormous pressure from various drivers of global change, including climate change. Under the influence of climate change, mountains are likely to experience wide ranging effects on the environment, natural resources including biodiversity ...
... by 2010. Despite these activities, mountains are still facing enormous pressure from various drivers of global change, including climate change. Under the influence of climate change, mountains are likely to experience wide ranging effects on the environment, natural resources including biodiversity ...
Climate Change
... to food insecurity. The likelihood of the nations of the world being able to meet the 2°C target of maximal average temperature rise set by the UNFCCC negotiations in Cancun is diminishing with time. If negotiations for global climate policies fail, temperature rises of the order of 4°C by the end o ...
... to food insecurity. The likelihood of the nations of the world being able to meet the 2°C target of maximal average temperature rise set by the UNFCCC negotiations in Cancun is diminishing with time. If negotiations for global climate policies fail, temperature rises of the order of 4°C by the end o ...
Outcome of Paris Climate Negotiations
... importance given to adaptation, as well as the amount of finance and other means of implementation provided to support the implementation of adaptation in developing countries. The Agreement includes language that addresses both issues by establishing a global goal for adaptation, and calling on dev ...
... importance given to adaptation, as well as the amount of finance and other means of implementation provided to support the implementation of adaptation in developing countries. The Agreement includes language that addresses both issues by establishing a global goal for adaptation, and calling on dev ...
Stratospheric sulfur injection on terrestrial autotroph productivity
... decomposition and fossil-fuel combustion and are represented by arrows in the figure (Garrett, 1992). Global warming is observed because an increase in greenhouse gas concentration results in the decrease of unabsorbed radiation escaping back into space. About 30% of the sun’s radiation reaching Ear ...
... decomposition and fossil-fuel combustion and are represented by arrows in the figure (Garrett, 1992). Global warming is observed because an increase in greenhouse gas concentration results in the decrease of unabsorbed radiation escaping back into space. About 30% of the sun’s radiation reaching Ear ...
Global Warming: Forecasts by Scientists versus Scientific Forecasts
... 4. If reliable forecasts of the costs and benefits of alternative policy proposals can be obtained and at least one proposal is predicted to lead to net benefits, then it would be necessary to forecast whether the policy changes can be implemented successfully. If reliable forecasts of policy imple ...
... 4. If reliable forecasts of the costs and benefits of alternative policy proposals can be obtained and at least one proposal is predicted to lead to net benefits, then it would be necessary to forecast whether the policy changes can be implemented successfully. If reliable forecasts of policy imple ...
Tropical reforestation and climate change
... in large watersheds or for extreme rainfall events (Keenan & Van Dijk 2010). Greater understanding is needed of the effects of the type and the spatial location of reforestation on hydrological processes to enable better planning and management. Third, TR can reduce the local impact of extreme weath ...
... in large watersheds or for extreme rainfall events (Keenan & Van Dijk 2010). Greater understanding is needed of the effects of the type and the spatial location of reforestation on hydrological processes to enable better planning and management. Third, TR can reduce the local impact of extreme weath ...
Streamflow hydrology in the boreal region under the influences of
... under an ice cover and a spring freshet caused by snowmelt in May and June (figure 4). Instead of a declining summer flow, however, discharge continues to increase in the summer as run-off from glacier melt feeds the headwater streams. These features produce a regime with a proglacial flavour. Lakes ...
... under an ice cover and a spring freshet caused by snowmelt in May and June (figure 4). Instead of a declining summer flow, however, discharge continues to increase in the summer as run-off from glacier melt feeds the headwater streams. These features produce a regime with a proglacial flavour. Lakes ...
Problems with making and governing global kinds of knowledge
... be represented in global models and how such representations should be achieved: for example through simulation of agentbased behaviours or through capturing the dynamics of social change (see Costanza et al., 2007b). There are indeed important matters of philosophy and epistemology here for global ...
... be represented in global models and how such representations should be achieved: for example through simulation of agentbased behaviours or through capturing the dynamics of social change (see Costanza et al., 2007b). There are indeed important matters of philosophy and epistemology here for global ...
Slide 1
... There is a growing concern about climate change and the impact it has on people and the ecosystems on which they depend. Temperatures have already risen 1.4°F since the start of the 20th century – with much of this warming occurring in just the last 30 years. It is also predicted that temperatures w ...
... There is a growing concern about climate change and the impact it has on people and the ecosystems on which they depend. Temperatures have already risen 1.4°F since the start of the 20th century – with much of this warming occurring in just the last 30 years. It is also predicted that temperatures w ...
Projection of occurrence of extreme drywet years and seasons in
... amount is found (black square). For Malaga, this value is 230 mm/yr: There is a probability of 2.3% for any given year to have less than 230 mm of precipitation. [21] The SPI is very flexible. Since it is a normalized measure relative to a specific location and period, it has the advantage that its va ...
... amount is found (black square). For Malaga, this value is 230 mm/yr: There is a probability of 2.3% for any given year to have less than 230 mm of precipitation. [21] The SPI is very flexible. Since it is a normalized measure relative to a specific location and period, it has the advantage that its va ...
THE IMPORTANCE OF CLIMATE AND WEATHER FOR TOURISM
... they will experience the actual weather, which might deviate quite substantially from the average conditions. Hence, in the first place tourists and tourism businesses are likely to be affected by weather conditions, although in the long term these will follow systematic changes as projected under d ...
... they will experience the actual weather, which might deviate quite substantially from the average conditions. Hence, in the first place tourists and tourism businesses are likely to be affected by weather conditions, although in the long term these will follow systematic changes as projected under d ...
climate policy: separating fact from fantasy
... fewer resources for coastal protection.21 Within societies, elderly groups are likely to be disproportionately affected22 because they are more vulnerable to respiratory and other health problems associated with changes in temperature, and may have access to fewer resources for adaptation.23 Further ...
... fewer resources for coastal protection.21 Within societies, elderly groups are likely to be disproportionately affected22 because they are more vulnerable to respiratory and other health problems associated with changes in temperature, and may have access to fewer resources for adaptation.23 Further ...
Climate Change in the Midwest: Impacts on Biodiversity
... drivers of these stresses and extinctions are likely to be interactions between climate change and current stressors, and adaptive responses will often be constrained by factors like habitat loss and lack of connectivity, invasive species, and hydrologic modifications. Direct effects of temperature ...
... drivers of these stresses and extinctions are likely to be interactions between climate change and current stressors, and adaptive responses will often be constrained by factors like habitat loss and lack of connectivity, invasive species, and hydrologic modifications. Direct effects of temperature ...
Climatic Change --Manuscript Draft--
... Future estimates were obtained under a scenario of moderately increasing greenhouse gases by mid-century. We created a new term "Smoke Wave," defined as >2 consecutive days with high wildfire-specific PM2.5, to describe episodes of high air pollution from wildfires. We developed an interactive map ...
... Future estimates were obtained under a scenario of moderately increasing greenhouse gases by mid-century. We created a new term "Smoke Wave," defined as >2 consecutive days with high wildfire-specific PM2.5, to describe episodes of high air pollution from wildfires. We developed an interactive map ...
PDF
... mitigation of future biodiversity losses. However, the current distribution of Chinese caterpillar fungus, a flagship species of the Himalaya with very high economic value, is unknown. Nor do we know the potential changes in suitable habitat of Chinese caterpillar fungus caused by future climate cha ...
... mitigation of future biodiversity losses. However, the current distribution of Chinese caterpillar fungus, a flagship species of the Himalaya with very high economic value, is unknown. Nor do we know the potential changes in suitable habitat of Chinese caterpillar fungus caused by future climate cha ...