The Value of Carbon in Decision-Making
... valuing carbon: the Social Cost of Carbon (SCC) or the Marginal Abatement Cost (MAC). The SCC and the MAC are often applied alongside each other, because they measure different things. • The SCC represents the marginal cost of global damage from climate change, and is used by policy-makers to exami ...
... valuing carbon: the Social Cost of Carbon (SCC) or the Marginal Abatement Cost (MAC). The SCC and the MAC are often applied alongside each other, because they measure different things. • The SCC represents the marginal cost of global damage from climate change, and is used by policy-makers to exami ...
1.5.5.1 OSPAR climate request - The Quality Status Report 2010
... This report is a contribution towards OSPAR JAMP Product BA-3 and includes material that can be included in the Quality Status Report in 2010. There is ample circumstantial evidence that global climate change is affecting many aspects of life on this planet. However, as scientific effort becomes dir ...
... This report is a contribution towards OSPAR JAMP Product BA-3 and includes material that can be included in the Quality Status Report in 2010. There is ample circumstantial evidence that global climate change is affecting many aspects of life on this planet. However, as scientific effort becomes dir ...
Texas Coastal Bend Regional Climate Change Vulnerability
... The largest freshwater flow is provided by the Nueces River that meets the estuarine environments at the Nueces River delta and estuary, which are major ecological components of Corpus Christi Bay system. The main industries and employers in this area are comprised of the Port of Corpus Christi, 9 p ...
... The largest freshwater flow is provided by the Nueces River that meets the estuarine environments at the Nueces River delta and estuary, which are major ecological components of Corpus Christi Bay system. The main industries and employers in this area are comprised of the Port of Corpus Christi, 9 p ...
Australian attitudes on climate change
... greater action and leadership than in recent years. This is a departure from a year ago, when Climate of the Nation 2012 found an electorate that was largely fatigued with the politics of climate change and scared about the rising costs of living. ...
... greater action and leadership than in recent years. This is a departure from a year ago, when Climate of the Nation 2012 found an electorate that was largely fatigued with the politics of climate change and scared about the rising costs of living. ...
Effects of climate extremes on the terrestrial carbon cycle: concepts
... climate extremes can have on harvests, economies and human health, as well as on the carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems (IPCC, 2012; Reichstein et al., 2013). Alterations of the biosphere’s carbon balance through changes in the strength of carbon uptake or losses in turn affect the climate sys ...
... climate extremes can have on harvests, economies and human health, as well as on the carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems (IPCC, 2012; Reichstein et al., 2013). Alterations of the biosphere’s carbon balance through changes in the strength of carbon uptake or losses in turn affect the climate sys ...
Planning for Climate Change in the West
... longer. This averaging tends to smooth out weather extremes and give a clearer overall picture of the temperature and precipitation patterns typical of an area. However, the terms “climate change” and “global warming” refer to long-term, far-reaching changes to the planet’s average temperature, whic ...
... longer. This averaging tends to smooth out weather extremes and give a clearer overall picture of the temperature and precipitation patterns typical of an area. However, the terms “climate change” and “global warming” refer to long-term, far-reaching changes to the planet’s average temperature, whic ...
1a. global climate change and coral reefs: rising temperatures
... Increasing sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in tropical/subtropical waters have moved reefbuilding corals 0.5°C closer to their upper thermal limits. Natural temperature variability can now push corals into temperatures that cause bleaching more readily than in the past. When SSTs exceed the summer m ...
... Increasing sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in tropical/subtropical waters have moved reefbuilding corals 0.5°C closer to their upper thermal limits. Natural temperature variability can now push corals into temperatures that cause bleaching more readily than in the past. When SSTs exceed the summer m ...
Temperatures in transient climates
... example, varying forcing scenarios. While GCMs are deterministic, the climate system being modeled is chaotic and so GCM realizations under the same forcing scenario but with different initial conditions will behave as if they were statistically independent. Summarizing the statistical properties of ...
... example, varying forcing scenarios. While GCMs are deterministic, the climate system being modeled is chaotic and so GCM realizations under the same forcing scenario but with different initial conditions will behave as if they were statistically independent. Summarizing the statistical properties of ...
georgia - Climate Forum East
... Civil society and the Red Cross Red Crescent Movement have a major role to play in alerting decision makers and the public to the risks of climate change and motivating people to take action based on these risks. Climate Forum East is a project in the six countries of the Eastern Partnership, aimed ...
... Civil society and the Red Cross Red Crescent Movement have a major role to play in alerting decision makers and the public to the risks of climate change and motivating people to take action based on these risks. Climate Forum East is a project in the six countries of the Eastern Partnership, aimed ...
Fritz Reusswig, Lutz Meyer-Ohlendorf Social Representation of
... significant patterns of weather over time, linked to basic mechanisms of the physical Earth system (such as the solar constant or the global carbon or water cycles). This is not to say that lay persons are unable to notice changing climate patterns. People with high stakes in the economic use of clim ...
... significant patterns of weather over time, linked to basic mechanisms of the physical Earth system (such as the solar constant or the global carbon or water cycles). This is not to say that lay persons are unable to notice changing climate patterns. People with high stakes in the economic use of clim ...
Biodiversity and biomes under climatic change
... The Jena Diversity model (JeDi) is a global biogeography model that explicitly implements key fundamental functional trade-offs of plant survival (Kleidon and Mooney, 2000; Reu et al., 2010). The major difference of JeDi to other biogeography models is that characteristic PFTs emerge from the effect ...
... The Jena Diversity model (JeDi) is a global biogeography model that explicitly implements key fundamental functional trade-offs of plant survival (Kleidon and Mooney, 2000; Reu et al., 2010). The major difference of JeDi to other biogeography models is that characteristic PFTs emerge from the effect ...
Hydro_CC_0729 - University of Washington
... control: precipitation forecast. However, runoff forecast is expected to be more uncertain than that of global mean temperature and precipitation. Runoff is generally not spatially observed. The observed runoff is usually constructed from streamflow, a temporally lagged, spatial integral of runoff o ...
... control: precipitation forecast. However, runoff forecast is expected to be more uncertain than that of global mean temperature and precipitation. Runoff is generally not spatially observed. The observed runoff is usually constructed from streamflow, a temporally lagged, spatial integral of runoff o ...
Biodiversity climate change impacts report card technical paper
... evidence (Section 1.3), where it has been sought, primarily among the zooplankton, of rapid microevolutionary adjustment to temperature change [H, Li]. Many invertebrates are resilient to disturbance, some with resting stages, in contrast to a near complete absence of these in marine species. Freshw ...
... evidence (Section 1.3), where it has been sought, primarily among the zooplankton, of rapid microevolutionary adjustment to temperature change [H, Li]. Many invertebrates are resilient to disturbance, some with resting stages, in contrast to a near complete absence of these in marine species. Freshw ...
Governing the future under climate change: contested visions of
... Besides economists, the partial repair approach is also promoted by those concerned to ensure that, in a situation of choices and trade‐offs, those groups who are most vulnerable receive targeted adaptation attention. As noted above, however, a limitation of such a quest ...
... Besides economists, the partial repair approach is also promoted by those concerned to ensure that, in a situation of choices and trade‐offs, those groups who are most vulnerable receive targeted adaptation attention. As noted above, however, a limitation of such a quest ...
Changing times, changing stories: generational differences in
... and Chevak, are located in the LYRB and the YK Delta region (Fig. 1). St. Mary’s and Pilot Station are riverine communities located along the Yukon River; Kotlik and Chevak are located along tributaries of the Yukon River in coastal areas. St. Mary’s, Pilot Station, and Kotlik are Yup’ik communities ...
... and Chevak, are located in the LYRB and the YK Delta region (Fig. 1). St. Mary’s and Pilot Station are riverine communities located along the Yukon River; Kotlik and Chevak are located along tributaries of the Yukon River in coastal areas. St. Mary’s, Pilot Station, and Kotlik are Yup’ik communities ...
A comparison of structural and behavioural adaptations to future
... Due to the nature of the models used to produce climate change projections there is a level of uncertainty in the possible levels of future climate change. In the UK this uncertainty has been represented in the latest set of future climate projections UKCP09 [13] released by the UK Climate Impacts ...
... Due to the nature of the models used to produce climate change projections there is a level of uncertainty in the possible levels of future climate change. In the UK this uncertainty has been represented in the latest set of future climate projections UKCP09 [13] released by the UK Climate Impacts ...
PDF
... Understanding how farmers adapt to climate change will involve in the first instance to understand, or hypothesize, how changing temperature and rainfall patterns will affect yield and price risks farmers are facing. In particular, the intention of the proposed work is to improve our understanding o ...
... Understanding how farmers adapt to climate change will involve in the first instance to understand, or hypothesize, how changing temperature and rainfall patterns will affect yield and price risks farmers are facing. In particular, the intention of the proposed work is to improve our understanding o ...
A Teacher`s Guide for the Video Sila Alangotok— Inuit Observations
... The natural regulating system for the temperature on the earth is known as the greenhouse effect. This refers to the atmosphere’s role in insulating the planet from heat loss, much the way a blanket on our beds insulates our bodies from heat loss. Human activities have the potential to disrupt the b ...
... The natural regulating system for the temperature on the earth is known as the greenhouse effect. This refers to the atmosphere’s role in insulating the planet from heat loss, much the way a blanket on our beds insulates our bodies from heat loss. Human activities have the potential to disrupt the b ...
References
... Bonan, G.B. 1991a. Atmosphere-biosphere exchange of carbon dioxide in boreal forests. Journal of Geophysical Research 96D:7301-7312. Bonan, G.B. 1991b. A biophysical surface energy budget analysis of soil temperature in the boreal forests of interior Alaska. Water Resources Research 27:767-781. Bona ...
... Bonan, G.B. 1991a. Atmosphere-biosphere exchange of carbon dioxide in boreal forests. Journal of Geophysical Research 96D:7301-7312. Bonan, G.B. 1991b. A biophysical surface energy budget analysis of soil temperature in the boreal forests of interior Alaska. Water Resources Research 27:767-781. Bona ...
Deliverable 2F3 Full Costs of Climate Change WP 2F
... types (MA 2005). Naturally, these biomes not only differ in their primary production (e.g. low productivity in tundras vs. high productivity in tropical rainforests), but also provide different ecosystem services. For example, water regulation functions of forests differ greatly from those of grassl ...
... types (MA 2005). Naturally, these biomes not only differ in their primary production (e.g. low productivity in tundras vs. high productivity in tropical rainforests), but also provide different ecosystem services. For example, water regulation functions of forests differ greatly from those of grassl ...
Standard PDF - Wiley Online Library
... will be called ‘‘geoengineering’’ here, recognizing that others have a more inclusive definition of geoengineering that can include tropospheric cloud modification, carbon capture and sequestration, and other proposed techniques. [3] The decision to implement geoengineering will require a comparison ...
... will be called ‘‘geoengineering’’ here, recognizing that others have a more inclusive definition of geoengineering that can include tropospheric cloud modification, carbon capture and sequestration, and other proposed techniques. [3] The decision to implement geoengineering will require a comparison ...
Text - Reading`s CentAUR
... then alter the zonal mean temperature (through radiation) and zonal wind (through thermal wind balance), which could in turn affect wave propagation and the residual circulation. Since changes in both GHGs and ODSs are required for this to happen (i.e., ozone loss in the extended region would not oc ...
... then alter the zonal mean temperature (through radiation) and zonal wind (through thermal wind balance), which could in turn affect wave propagation and the residual circulation. Since changes in both GHGs and ODSs are required for this to happen (i.e., ozone loss in the extended region would not oc ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES AMBIGUITY AND CLIMATE POLICY Antony Millner Simon Dietz
... discussions of the scientific and philosophical challenges of climate prediction), these models are not always in agreement with one another. As an example of this, consider Figure 1, which plots the results of several recent studies’ attempts to use different models and observational data to estima ...
... discussions of the scientific and philosophical challenges of climate prediction), these models are not always in agreement with one another. As an example of this, consider Figure 1, which plots the results of several recent studies’ attempts to use different models and observational data to estima ...
Local Climate Change Governance
... Kousky/Schneider 2003; Aall et al. 2007; Boykoff et al. 2010; Breitmeier et al. 2009; Eckerberg/Joas 2004), geography (Boykoff 2008; Bulkeley 2001; Ford et al. 2006; Iati 2008; Keskitalo/Kulyasova 2009), social anthropology (Crate/Nuttall 2009; Lazrus 2009), and psychology (Blake 1999; Hartmuth 2002 ...
... Kousky/Schneider 2003; Aall et al. 2007; Boykoff et al. 2010; Breitmeier et al. 2009; Eckerberg/Joas 2004), geography (Boykoff 2008; Bulkeley 2001; Ford et al. 2006; Iati 2008; Keskitalo/Kulyasova 2009), social anthropology (Crate/Nuttall 2009; Lazrus 2009), and psychology (Blake 1999; Hartmuth 2002 ...