Iowa Woodlands - Extension Store
... common type of forest. This may change however. Oaks and hickories grow to be large, leafy trees that shade out much of the forest floor. Oak and hickory seedlings, which need to grow in direct sunlight, find it difficult to grow in these shaded conditions. In some areas, shade-tolerant sugar maples ...
... common type of forest. This may change however. Oaks and hickories grow to be large, leafy trees that shade out much of the forest floor. Oak and hickory seedlings, which need to grow in direct sunlight, find it difficult to grow in these shaded conditions. In some areas, shade-tolerant sugar maples ...
Conservation Assessment, 2012
... The goal of this Conservation Assessment is to summarize existing information regarding the biology and ecology of the Great Gray Owl (Strix nebulosa), threats to the species, and management considerations, and to provide information to land managers to assist in the formulation of options for manag ...
... The goal of this Conservation Assessment is to summarize existing information regarding the biology and ecology of the Great Gray Owl (Strix nebulosa), threats to the species, and management considerations, and to provide information to land managers to assist in the formulation of options for manag ...
Carbon cycle modelling and the residence time of natural
... equilibrium, this reservoir does not immediately control a sudden eruption of the gas such as has occurred this century. It will be hundreds or perhaps thousands of years before the sea absorbs its fair share." Callendar believed that nearly all the CO2 produced by fossil fuel combustion has remaine ...
... equilibrium, this reservoir does not immediately control a sudden eruption of the gas such as has occurred this century. It will be hundreds or perhaps thousands of years before the sea absorbs its fair share." Callendar believed that nearly all the CO2 produced by fossil fuel combustion has remaine ...
5-2 - ICFCST
... Every of the traits is considered as a strategy of survivorship (SS). The subject matter of (SP) becomes clear if to compare peculiarities of SSes herbivores, which differ each other as to their density in space and time. It is relevant to quote J. Kranz (1980, p. 18), who has put forward such an id ...
... Every of the traits is considered as a strategy of survivorship (SS). The subject matter of (SP) becomes clear if to compare peculiarities of SSes herbivores, which differ each other as to their density in space and time. It is relevant to quote J. Kranz (1980, p. 18), who has put forward such an id ...
Moose Population Density and Habitat Productivity as Drivers of
... can regulatc population growth of the ungulates inhabiting the northern boreal forests (I’cck 1980), but there is no getieral agreement about which ractor is rnost important (Peek 1980; Thompson & Peterson 1988; Messier 1994). Ilairston, Sinith & Slobodkin (1960) claimed that whether organisms arc r ...
... can regulatc population growth of the ungulates inhabiting the northern boreal forests (I’cck 1980), but there is no getieral agreement about which ractor is rnost important (Peek 1980; Thompson & Peterson 1988; Messier 1994). Ilairston, Sinith & Slobodkin (1960) claimed that whether organisms arc r ...
Rainforest Regrowth Benefits
... Tracey 1994). This variation in structure influences the carbon storage potential of rainforest. Within the category ‘wet rainforest’, there are many different types of rainforest, reflecting the influence of temperature, moisture, soil fertility and drainage (Webb 1968; Webb and Tracey 1981). ‘Dry ...
... Tracey 1994). This variation in structure influences the carbon storage potential of rainforest. Within the category ‘wet rainforest’, there are many different types of rainforest, reflecting the influence of temperature, moisture, soil fertility and drainage (Webb 1968; Webb and Tracey 1981). ‘Dry ...
Env Sc chapter 5 revision
... c. existing plants reproduce quickly. d. new species make the environment less suitable for previous ones. ____ 17. Which of the following is an example of secondary succession? a. breaking down of bare rock by fungi and mosses b. pioneer plants begin to grow after glacial melting c. growth of plant ...
... c. existing plants reproduce quickly. d. new species make the environment less suitable for previous ones. ____ 17. Which of the following is an example of secondary succession? a. breaking down of bare rock by fungi and mosses b. pioneer plants begin to grow after glacial melting c. growth of plant ...
on the ecological roles of salamanders
... forest of New Hampshire, they estimated that five salamander species had a combined average density of 2950 salamanders/ha (0.29/m2) and a biomass of 1770 g/ha wet weight. This value was 2.6 times the combined wet-weight biomass of all birds living in the watershed at the peak of bird breeding seaso ...
... forest of New Hampshire, they estimated that five salamander species had a combined average density of 2950 salamanders/ha (0.29/m2) and a biomass of 1770 g/ha wet weight. This value was 2.6 times the combined wet-weight biomass of all birds living in the watershed at the peak of bird breeding seaso ...
OIKOS Finland conference for Ecologists and Evolutionary Biologists
... efficient restoration measures across ecosystems. Finally, by showing results from a national restoration prioritization work (ELITE-project), I will conclude that to obtain a scientifically justified 15% reduction in the degradation of ecosystems we need to apply heavy restoration measures across v ...
... efficient restoration measures across ecosystems. Finally, by showing results from a national restoration prioritization work (ELITE-project), I will conclude that to obtain a scientifically justified 15% reduction in the degradation of ecosystems we need to apply heavy restoration measures across v ...
A New Model for Global Conservation
... creating more than 3,000 jobs in 20 different industries, ranging from agriculture, forestry, fisheries and ecotourism to mining, manufacturing and craft making. In Tanzania, for example, a butterfly farming project, created with the help of CEPF as a means of generating extra income from non destru ...
... creating more than 3,000 jobs in 20 different industries, ranging from agriculture, forestry, fisheries and ecotourism to mining, manufacturing and craft making. In Tanzania, for example, a butterfly farming project, created with the help of CEPF as a means of generating extra income from non destru ...
Effects of leaf litter depth on the emergence and seedling growth of
... depth on the emergence and seedling growth of deciduous forest tree species in relation to seed size. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 132: 50–61. 2005.—Leaf litter has a major impact on soil microenvironmental conditions and so can be an important influence on seedling recruitment and hence plant community stru ...
... depth on the emergence and seedling growth of deciduous forest tree species in relation to seed size. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 132: 50–61. 2005.—Leaf litter has a major impact on soil microenvironmental conditions and so can be an important influence on seedling recruitment and hence plant community stru ...
biodiversity in drylands - Food and Agriculture Organization of the
... Drylands have an immense scientific, economic and social value. They are the habitat and source of livelihood for about one quarter of the earth’s population. It is estimated that these ecosystems cover one third of the earth total land surface and about half of this area is in economically producti ...
... Drylands have an immense scientific, economic and social value. They are the habitat and source of livelihood for about one quarter of the earth’s population. It is estimated that these ecosystems cover one third of the earth total land surface and about half of this area is in economically producti ...
Record 1 of 23
... Abstract: Terrestrial ecosystems originate when particular plant species attain dominance at specific locations under specific environmental regimes. Ecosystems terminate, gradually or abruptly, when the dominant species or functional types are replaced by others, usually owing to environmental chan ...
... Abstract: Terrestrial ecosystems originate when particular plant species attain dominance at specific locations under specific environmental regimes. Ecosystems terminate, gradually or abruptly, when the dominant species or functional types are replaced by others, usually owing to environmental chan ...
1 - Symmetree Consulting
... o seeks well-informed solutions to fit with stand and landscape structures and functions over time. To effectively integrate management for multiple objectives over time it is important to have a vision of the mix of stand types and structures for various landscapes to reasonably fit with those obje ...
... o seeks well-informed solutions to fit with stand and landscape structures and functions over time. To effectively integrate management for multiple objectives over time it is important to have a vision of the mix of stand types and structures for various landscapes to reasonably fit with those obje ...
Rangelands and Pasturelands - Manitoba Forestry Association
... The definitions of rangeland and pastureland are complex. The Montana Envirothon Committee (this year’s host) defines rangeland as “land on which the plant community is comprised of predominately native or indigenous grasses, grass-like plants (e.g. sedges), forbs and/or shrubs. Rangeland includes n ...
... The definitions of rangeland and pastureland are complex. The Montana Envirothon Committee (this year’s host) defines rangeland as “land on which the plant community is comprised of predominately native or indigenous grasses, grass-like plants (e.g. sedges), forbs and/or shrubs. Rangeland includes n ...
shifts in community leaf functional traits are
... CWMs are aggregated species mean trait values, using the same species trait value across the different communities that are compared (but see Auger and Shipley 2013). However, such a procedure is only valid under the assumption that the trait variability within a certain species is low in comparison ...
... CWMs are aggregated species mean trait values, using the same species trait value across the different communities that are compared (but see Auger and Shipley 2013). However, such a procedure is only valid under the assumption that the trait variability within a certain species is low in comparison ...
History and Impact of Gypsy Moth in North America and Comparison
... gypsy moth populations had expanded rapidly, thousands of hectares of forests were defoliated, and the pest had spread to surrounding states. In 1906, the Federal Government appropriated money to prevent the spread of the insect because it was recognized that egg masses and other life stages were be ...
... gypsy moth populations had expanded rapidly, thousands of hectares of forests were defoliated, and the pest had spread to surrounding states. In 1906, the Federal Government appropriated money to prevent the spread of the insect because it was recognized that egg masses and other life stages were be ...
Allocation, stress tolerance and carbon transport
... Many types of environmental stress including drought and freezing temperatures can jeopardize the integrity of the water transport system. Because the ability of plants to survive these conditions is influenced by aspects of xylem structure and function (Davis et al., 1999, Ewers, 1985, Hacke & Sper ...
... Many types of environmental stress including drought and freezing temperatures can jeopardize the integrity of the water transport system. Because the ability of plants to survive these conditions is influenced by aspects of xylem structure and function (Davis et al., 1999, Ewers, 1985, Hacke & Sper ...
Herbivory, seed production and seed predation in forest herbs along
... ecosystems. Forests ecosystems, on the other hand, have rarely been considered, although forests house most of the planet’s biodiversity (Klenner et al. 2009). While most of aboveground plant structures in grassland communities are freshly produced every year, trees build up forest biomass over hund ...
... ecosystems. Forests ecosystems, on the other hand, have rarely been considered, although forests house most of the planet’s biodiversity (Klenner et al. 2009). While most of aboveground plant structures in grassland communities are freshly produced every year, trees build up forest biomass over hund ...
Garry Oak Ecosystems
... making generalizations difficult and potentially misleading (Watson 2002). When savannahs are fragmented and occur as patches within a matrix of forested and developed land, this increased patchiness may also result in an elevated rate of forest encroachment. Patterns of forest encroachment can also ...
... making generalizations difficult and potentially misleading (Watson 2002). When savannahs are fragmented and occur as patches within a matrix of forested and developed land, this increased patchiness may also result in an elevated rate of forest encroachment. Patterns of forest encroachment can also ...
Ecosystem effects of fishing in kelp forest communities
... Ecosystem effects of fishing in kelp forest communities of otters. Foster and Schiel (1988) reviewed 220 surveys outside the otter range in California, and found urchindominated or deforested habitats to be the exception (<10% of the sites). They found a range of community states between the extreme ...
... Ecosystem effects of fishing in kelp forest communities of otters. Foster and Schiel (1988) reviewed 220 surveys outside the otter range in California, and found urchindominated or deforested habitats to be the exception (<10% of the sites). They found a range of community states between the extreme ...
Revenue Recycling - Ecofiscal Commission
... years. Soft labour markets and weakened employment insurance coverage have heightened economic insecurity, and many Canadians feel pressured financially. Promises that a carbon price, which visibly adds to the day-to-day cost of living, will be somehow offset by invisible benefits sometime far in th ...
... years. Soft labour markets and weakened employment insurance coverage have heightened economic insecurity, and many Canadians feel pressured financially. Promises that a carbon price, which visibly adds to the day-to-day cost of living, will be somehow offset by invisible benefits sometime far in th ...
Plant organ abscission and the green island effect caused
... detected in the galls as entomopathogens, yet their virulence remains to be demonstrated, (d) unknown death: when the cause of death could not be identified. The final category (e) was survival: when we found healthy larva, pupae or emergence hole of the galling insect (see Fernandes and Price 1992 ...
... detected in the galls as entomopathogens, yet their virulence remains to be demonstrated, (d) unknown death: when the cause of death could not be identified. The final category (e) was survival: when we found healthy larva, pupae or emergence hole of the galling insect (see Fernandes and Price 1992 ...
PDF 4.2MB - Strong Growth, Low Pollution
... The Treasury modelling also finds the world will face higher long-term costs if we defer action to reduce the risk of dangerous climate change. We must act now to protect our future economy, future environment and future generations. This report will form an important part of the community debate ov ...
... The Treasury modelling also finds the world will face higher long-term costs if we defer action to reduce the risk of dangerous climate change. We must act now to protect our future economy, future environment and future generations. This report will form an important part of the community debate ov ...
Document
... – Influence of perennial biomass crop production on biodiversity indicators (SRC willow,) – Water consumption of perennial biomass crops ...
... – Influence of perennial biomass crop production on biodiversity indicators (SRC willow,) – Water consumption of perennial biomass crops ...
Reforestation
Reforestation is the natural or intentional restocking of existing forests and woodlands that have been depleted, usually through deforestation.Reforestation can be used to improve the quality of human life by soaking up pollution and dust from the air, rebuild natural habitats and ecosystems, mitigate global warming since forests facilitate biosequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide, and harvest for resources, particularly timber.The term reforestation is similar to afforestation, the process of restoring and recreating areas of woodlands or forests that may have existed long ago but were deforested or otherwise removed at some point in the past. Sometimes the term re-afforestation is used to distinguish between the original forest cover and the later re-growth of forest to an area. Special tools, e.g. tree planting bar, are used to make planting of trees easier and faster.